Effect of an intensive lifestyle intervention on cystatin C-based kidney function in adults with overweight and obesity: From the PREDIMED-Plus trial.

Background: Large-scale trials evaluating a multicomponent lifestyle intervention aimed at weight loss on kidney function are lacking.

Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of the "PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea-Plus" (PREDIMED-Plus) randomized controlled trial, including patients with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome, measured cystatin C and creatinine. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to an intensive weight loss lifestyle intervention (intervention group [IG]) consisting of an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), physical activity promotion and behavioral support, or a control group (CG) receiving ad libitum MedDiet recommendations.

Sex-Dependent Gut Microbiota Features and Functional Signatures in Metabolic Disfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

: This study investigates the gut microbiota's role in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), focusing on microbial and functional signatures and sex-based differences. : Using baseline data from 98 MASLD patients and 45 controls from the Fatty Liver in Obesity (FLiO) study, the gut microbiota was profiled with 16S gene sequencing, followed by statistical and machine learning analyses to identify disease-associated microbial signatures. : Notable alpha and beta diversity differences were observed between MASLD patients and the controls, varying by sex.

Factors Associated with the Prevalence of Breastfeeding Periods in a Cohort of Spanish Primiparous Pregnant Women.

Aims: To assess factors associated with the prevalence of breastfeeding in a cohort of Spanish primiparous pregnant women to whom a health education program was applied.

Methods: Prospective, descriptive, and inferential cohort analysis with data obtained from the beginning of pregnancy to the child's year. Prevalence of breastfeeding was classified into periods or categories: (1) "non-breastfeeding"; (2) "breastfeeding until 6 months"; (3) "breastfeeding up to 12 months".

Circulating microRNA panels in subjects with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease after following a 2-year dietary intervention.

Purpose: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) affects one-third of the global population. Despite its high prevalence, there is a lack of minimally non-invasive diagnostic methods to assess this condition. This study explores the potential of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) as diagnostic biomarkers for MASLD after a 2-year nutritional intervention.

Twenty-year trend in the prevalence of increased cardiometabolic risk, measured by abdominal obesity, among Spanish children and adolescents across body mass index categories.

Background: Identifying children and adolescents with cardiometabolic risk at an early stage is crucial for effective treatment and prevention. From a practical perspective, this could be accomplished by assessing the presence of abdominal obesity, which serves as a surrogate indicator of increased cardiometabolic risk and is easy to measure. However, the assessment of abdominal obesity via waist circumference has not yet become a standard procedure in pediatric healthcare.

Preschool Children's Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Food Shopping Establishments: The SENDO Project.

Eating habits established during the preschool stage may last a lifetime, underlining the importance of choosing and purchasing healthy foods for proper nutrition. To assess the associations between place of food purchase and dietary intake and quality in Spanish preschool children. A cross-sectional analysis was carried out within the framework of the () project.

Sex-specific dietary patterns and their association with metabolic syndrome: Insights from a cross-sectional analysis.

Aims: This study aims to identify a posteriori dietary patterns with a sex approach and to evaluate their association with metabolic syndrome criteria.

Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in 6821 men and women between 55 and 75 years of age. Forty-two food groups were analyzed from dietary information collected with food frequency questionnaires, using principal component analysis and cluster analysis and then information from both statistical methods was compared.

Objectively Measured Sleep Duration and Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: A One-Year Longitudinal Analysis of the PREDIMED-Plus Cohort.

The aim of our cross-sectional and longitudinal study is to assess the relationship between daytime and night-time sleep duration and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adults with metabolic syndrome after a 1-year healthy lifestyle intervention. Analysis of the data from 2119 Spanish adults aged 55-75 years from the PREDIMED-Plus study was performed. Sleep duration was assessed using a wrist-worn accelerometer.

Plasma Antioxidant Capacity Is Related to Dietary Intake, Body Composition, and Stage of Reproductive Aging in Women.

Background: women aging is a normal process of life; however, hormonal changes create an imbalance between prooxidants and antioxidants and could be measured as the antioxidant capability (AC) of an organism.

Objective: to find the association between plasma AC levels, dietary intakes, and body composition in 18-64-year-old women living in the northeast of Mexico.

Methods: A total of = 514 women (18-64 years old) were grouped according to STRAW criteria as reproductive, menopausal transition, and postmenopausal.

Circulating miR-122-5p, miR-151a-3p, miR-126-5p and miR-21-5p as potential predictive biomarkers for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease assessment.

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is a worldwide leading cause of liver-related associated morbidities and mortality. Currently, there is a lack of reliable non-invasive biomarkers for an accurate of MASLD. Hence, this study aimed to evidence the functional role of miRNAs as potential biomarkers for MASLD assessment.

Long-term association between water intake and kidney function in a population at high cardiovascular risk.

Objectives: The evidence on water intake in the prevention of kidney function decline is scarce at population level in well-being individuals at high cardiovascular risk. Therefore, we aimed to longitudinally evaluate the associations between total water intake and subtypes and kidney function, through estimated-Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR).

Methods: Three-year prospective analysis conducted in 1986 older adults (aged 55-75 year) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome from the PREDIMED-Plus study.

Development and Evaluation of the Reliability of a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire to Assess the Intake in the Serbian Population.

Assessing dietary habits with validated questionnaires is crucial for achieving reliable results in health research. The aim of this study was the development and validation of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in an 18-30-year-old Serbian population. A total of 93 participants completed the FFQ and three 24 h dietary recalls (24 hR).

COVID-19 and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults with High-Cardiovascular Risk: A Post Hoc Analysis.

Cognitive decline has been reported as a short-term sequela in patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Whether COVID-19 is associated with late cognitive impairment in older free-living individuals with high cardiovascular risk, a group at greater risk of cognitive decline, is unknown. We determined this association of COVID-19 through a longitudinal evaluation of post-COVID-19 cognitive performance and impairment as post hoc analysis in 5,179 older adults (48% female) with mean (SD) age 68.

An HPLC-UV Method to Assess Human Plasma 25(OH)D.

The aim of this study was to validate an HPLC-UV method to assess vitamin D status by determining the linearity and precision of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) calibration curve, the limits of detection, quantitation and robustness of the method, and its accuracy. A second stock solution of 25(OH)D was prepared (500 ng/mL), and working dilutions (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 ng/mL) were prepared for a calibration curve. The HPLC equipment had a UV-Vis diode-array detector and utilized an Acclaim 120 C18 column (5 µm, 4.

Effects of a Two-Year Lifestyle Intervention on Intrahepatic Fat Reduction and Renal Health: Mitigation of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress, a Randomized Trial.

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease observed in clinical practice worldwide. This disorder has been independently associated with an increased risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a 2-year intervention based on a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and physical activity focussed on reducing intrahepatic fat contents (IFC) was associated with a decreased risk of CKD.

Efficacy of a Mobile Health App (eMOTIVA) Regarding Compliance With Cardiac Rehabilitation Guidelines in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Background: Cardiac rehabilitation is fundamental among patients recovering from a coronary event, and mHealth technology may constitute a useful tool that provides guidelines based on scientific evidence in an entertaining, attractive, and user-friendly format.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of an mHealth intervention involving the eMOTIVA app and that of usual care regarding compliance with cardiac rehabilitation guidelines in terms of lifestyle, cardiovascular risk factors, and satisfaction among patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial with a parallel group design was conducted.

Long-Term Impact of Nutritional Intervention with Increased Polyphenol Intake and Physical Activity Promotion on Oxidative and Inflammatory Profiles in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome.

Obesity and overweight pose significant risks to health, contributing to the prevalence of chronic conditions like type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The current study aimed to assess the impact of a 6-year nutritional and lifestyle intervention on oxidative and inflammatory markers in individuals aged 55 to 75, specifically those at high risk of CVD. A study was carried out in a group of 80 participants with metabolic syndrome (MetS) residing in Mallorca, Spain, who underwent nutritional intervention based on a low-calorie Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and promotion of physical activity.

More Adult Women than Men at High Cardiometabolic Risk Reported Worse Lifestyles and Self-Reported Health Status in the COVID-19 Lockdown.

Background: The COVID-19 lockdown represented an immense impact on human health, which was characterized by lifestyle and dietary changes, social distancing and isolation at home. Some evidence suggests that these consequences mainly affected women and altered relevant ongoing clinical trials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the status and changes in diet, physical activity (PA), sleep and self-reported health status (SRH) as perceived by older adult men and women with metabolic syndrome during the COVID-19 lockdown.

Food Neophobias in Spanish Adults with Overweight or Obesity by Sex: Their Association with Sociodemographic Factors and the Most Prevalent Chronic Diseases.

Food neophobia has been defined as the reluctance to try new foods. Food neophobia is common in children and older people, but until now, scarce research has been carried out on food neophobia in the adult population. The aim of this study was to assess the most usual food neophobias in Spanish adults with overweight and obesity by sex, and their association with sociodemographic factors and the most prevalent chronic diseases.

Multipanel Approach including miRNAs, Inflammatory Markers, and Depressive Symptoms for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Diagnosis during 2-Year Nutritional Intervention.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), with a prevalence of 30% of adults globally, is considered a multifactorial disease. There is a lack of effective non-invasive methods for accurate diagnosis and monitoring. Therefore, this study aimed to explore associations between changes in circulating miRNA levels, inflammatory markers, and depressive symptoms with hepatic variables in MASLD subjects and their combined potential to predict the disease after following a dietary intervention.

Inflammatory markers as diagnostic and precision nutrition tools for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Results from the Fatty Liver in Obesity trial.

Background & Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing public health concern. The disease is silent, and its diagnosis is often delayed. Inflammatory markers constitute an interesting tool to act as subrogate, non-invasive markers.

Nutritional and Lifestyle Features in a Mediterranean Cohort: An Epidemiological Instrument for Categorizing Metabotypes Based on a Computational Algorithm.

Modern classification and categorization of individuals' health requires personalized variables such as nutrition, physical activity, lifestyle, and medical data through advanced analysis and clustering methods involving machine learning tools. The objective of this project was to categorize Mediterranean dwellers' health factors and design metabotypes to provide personalized well-being in order to develop professional implementation tools in addition to characterizing nutritional and lifestyle features in such populations. A two-phase observational study was conducted by the Pharmacists Council to identify Spanish nutritional and lifestyle characteristics.

Impact of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet on Antioxidant Status and Metabolic Parameters in NAFLD Patients: A 24-Month Lifestyle Intervention Study.

Background: The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is recognized as a healthy dietary pattern. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat in the liver.

Objectives: To assess the antioxidant status in erythrocytes, plasma, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of NAFLD patients following a 24-month lifestyle intervention based on the MedDiet.

Effects of Regular Exercise on the Biochemical, Oxidative, and Inflammatory Profiles and Quality of Life in Older Spaniards with Metabolic Syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The regular practice of physical activity is a crucial factor for healthy aging and for controlling and preventing chronic diseases. To assess the effects of regular physical activity on the biochemical and inflammatory profiles, as well as the quality of life of older adults diagnosed with metabolic syndrome.

Effectiveness of an Interactive mHealth App (EVITE) in Improving Lifestyle After a Coronary Event: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Coronary heart disease is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Secondary prevention is essential, as it reduces the risk of further coronary events. Mobile health (mHealth) technology could become a useful tool to improve lifestyles.