Urban background sounds under various weather conditions categorized for virtual acoustics.

One of the major problems in the auralization of complex urban scenarios is the creation of ambience, i.e. the diffuse background which represents the sound floor on which the acoustic scene of interest is created.

The "Missing 6 dB" Revisited: Influence of Room Acoustics and Binaural Parameters on the Loudness Mismatch Between Headphones and Loudspeakers.

Generations of researchers observed a mismatch between headphone and loudspeaker presentation: the sound pressure level at the eardrum generated by a headphone has to be about 6 dB higher compared to the level created by a loudspeaker that elicits the same loudness. While it has been shown that this effect vanishes if the same waveforms are generated at the eardrum in a blind comparison, the origin of the mismatch is still unclear. We present new data on the issue that systematically characterize this mismatch under variation of the stimulus frequency, presentation room, and binaural parameters of the headphone presentation.