Upper molar distalization with skeletally anchored TopJet appliance.

Objective: To retrospectively investigate clinical outcomes with the TopJet appliance.

Materials And Methods: Measurements were taken on dental casts reflecting situations in 15 patients aged 10-48 years before and after orthodontic treatment with a TopJet appliance. Each measurement was taken with a digital caliper and repeated 2 weeks later.

Left/right asymmetries and open/closed differences of interdental forces in the mandible.

The aim of the present investigation was to study the variation in interdental forces between mandibular canines and lateral incisors of 19 volunteers (9 males and 10 females) aged 20-26 years for four configurations (mandible open/closed and left/right side). These forces were derived by pulling a stainless steel matrix strip between these teeth, six times per configuration, and registering the time variation with a high-resolution transducer. The repeated median smoothing algorithm was applied to find the maximum of each curve and a bootstrap method estimated the 95 per cent confidence intervals (CIs) for all 76 configurations.

Secular trends in the European male facial skull from the Migration Period to the present: a cephalometric study.

Secular trends in the facial skull over three Central European samples spanning more than 13 centuries were examined. Data were 43 conventional cephalometric landmark points for samples dating from 680 to 830 AD (29 male Avars), from the mid-19th century (49 adult Hapsburg Monarchy males), and from the 20th century (54 living Austrian young adult males). Analyses by standard methods of geometric morphometrics demonstrated shape differences by data and by size, with a strong interaction of these with sample, in that group mean differences were different for small and large individuals (allometry is different from period to period).

Secular trends in the facial skull from the 19th century to the present, analyzed with geometric morphometrics.

Introduction: Over the last 100 years, Austrian facial form has changed for various reasons, including changes in growth pattern, changes in shape pattern, or a combination of these. In this study, we explored and contrasted these 2 explanations.

Methods: We compared cephalograms from 54 recruits in the present-day Austrian Federal Army to those from 49 dry skulls of soldiers from the Imperial Hapsburg army.

Heat generated by residual adhesive removal after debonding of brackets.

Aim: To measure the rise in temperature during mechanical removal of residual adhesive after debonding of brackets in vitro.

Methods: Different carbide burs on a high-speed handpiece were tested. Acrylic on the buccal surfaces of recently extracted human maxillary incisors was removed using 3 types of carbide burs (6-, 12-, 40-fluted) with a varying number of windings relative to the long axis of the shaft.

A cephalometric comparison of skulls from different time periods--the Bronze Age, the 19th century and the present.

The aim of this study was to evaluate secular trends by means of orthodontic measurements on lateral cephalograms. We use roentgenograms from three populations: 22 Bronze Age skulls from a cemetery near Hainburg/Austria, 140 soldiers who served in the Hapsburg Imperial Army in the late 19th century, and 154 contemporary recruits of the Austrian Federal Army. Using conventional morphometric analysis, no statistically significant differences could be established.

Rectangular loops in inconsistent force systems: a laboratory investigation.

Material And Method: [corrected] The force system delivered by the rectangular loop (R-loop) was the subject of this in-vitro investigation. The correction of a first-order irregularity was simulated in an inconsistent force system. Three types of R-loop made of 0.