Why Does Child Mortality Decrease With Age? Modeling the Age-Associated Decrease in Mortality Rate Using WHO Metadata From 25 Countries.

Our previous study analyzed the age trajectory of mortality (ATM) in 14 European countries, while this study aimed at investigating ATM in other continents and in countries with a higher level of mortality. Data from 11 Non-European countries were used. The number of deaths was extracted from the WHO mortality database.

Analysis of Cumulative Fluid Balance Impact on the Stability of Gastrointestinal Tract Anastomosis.

Anastomotic leakage is a serious postoperative complication following a low anterior resection of rectum. Current research in colorectal surgery focuses on searching for techniques which could minimize the risk of leakage. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of cumulative fluid balance on microcirculatory changes at the anastomotic site.

Why Does Child Mortality Decrease With Age? Modeling the Age-Associated Decrease in Mortality Rate Using WHO Metadata From 14 European Countries.

Mortality rate rapidly decreases with age after birth, and, simultaneously, the spectrum of death causes show remarkable changes with age. This study analyzed age-associated decreases in mortality rate from diseases of all main chapters of the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases. The number of deaths was extracted from the mortality database of the World Health Organization.

Cost of Treatment and Care for People with Alzheimer's Disease: A Meta- Analysis.

There is now a general attempt in developed countries to implement strategic plans to fight against Alzheimer's disease, for which treatment represents an increasing economic burden for the ageing society. At present, the costs of treatment and care for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients are not consistently tracked and logged, therefore, the economic burden is calculated based on the records kept by individual countries. The aim of this paper is to conduct a meta-analysis of the available data on the total costs of treatment and care for elderly AD patients with respect to the stage of the disease determined by the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Economic analysis of acupuncture for migraine prophylaxis.

Background: Acupuncture has become a viable option for migraine prophylaxis in Europe; however, despite its wide use, more data on the short- and long-term cost-effectiveness are needed when considering the perspectives of a paying third-party, the patient, and of society in general. The aim was to evaluate the cost and effectiveness of adjuvant acupuncture to pharmacologic treatment vs pharmacologic treatment alone in migraine patients after a 3-month acupuncture course and a 6-month follow-up from all perspectives.

Methods: The study involved an open-label randomized clinical trial of patients receiving acupuncture (n=42), and a waiting list control group (n=44).

Modeling the Age-Associated Decrease in Mortality Rate for Congenital Anomalies of the Central Nervous System Using WHO Metadata From Nine European Countries.

In humans, the mortality rate dramatically decreases with age after birth, and the causes of death change significantly during childhood. In the present study, we attempted to explain age-associated decreases in mortality for congenital anomalies of the central nervous system (CACNS), as well as decreases in total mortality with age. We further investigated the age trajectory of mortality in the biologically related category "diseases of the nervous system" (DNS).

Call for a Uniform Strategy of Collecting Alzheimer's Disease Costs: A Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: There is now a general attempt in developed countries to implement strategic plans to fight against Alzheimer's disease and other dementia disorders. Among others, attention is paid to the issues of registers and calculations of economic burden. Currently available calculations of costs are difficult to compare.

Modeling Human Mortality from All Diseases in the Five Most Populated Countries of the European Union.

Age affects mortality from diseases differently than it affects mortality from external causes, such as accidents. Exclusion of the latter leads to the "all-diseases" category. The age trajectories of mortality from all diseases are studied in the five most populated countries of the EU, and the shape of these 156 age trajectories is investigated in detail.

Onset of mortality increase with age and age trajectories of mortality from all diseases in the four Nordic countries.

Background: The answer to the question "At what age does aging begin?" is tightly related to the question "Where is the onset of mortality increase with age?" Age affects mortality rates from all diseases differently than it affects mortality rates from nonbiological causes. Mortality increase with age in adult populations has been modeled by many authors, and little attention has been given to mortality decrease with age after birth.

Materials And Methods: Nonbiological causes are excluded, and the category "all diseases" is studied.

Single parameter of inverse proportion between mortality and age could determine all mortality indicators in the first year of life.

Mortality increase with age in adult population has been studied and modeled by many authors, but relatively little attention has been given to mortality decrease with age after birth. Data split in more detailed age categories can newly test mortality decrease with age. Age trajectories of mortality are studied in 20 age categories in the specific age interval 1-365 days.

Socio-economic Aspects of Alzheimer's Disease.

Social development, better living conditions and medical advances lead to the fact that more people have the opportunity to live longer than in the past. The aging population is a characteristic feature of demographic trends in developed countries. This trend is closely linked with the issue of increasing number of diseases in old age and increasing government expenditure on health and social care.

CT/MRI pelvimetry as a useful tool when selecting patients with rectal cancer for transanal total mesorectal excision.

Background: The quality of a total mesorectal excision (TME) is one of the most important prognostic factors for local recurrence of rectal carcinoma. The aim of this study was to clarify the manner in which lesser pelvis dimensions affect the quality of TME via the transabdominal approach, while simultaneously defining the criteria for selecting patients most likely to have Grade 3 TME outcomes for a transanal approach using the TaTME technique.

Methods: An analysis from the registry was conducted using 93 of total 198 patients with rectal cancer of the mid- and lower third of the rectum who underwent: (1) a low anterior resection, (2) an ultra-low resection with coloanal anastomosis, or (3) an intersphincteric rectal resection, all with total mesorectal excision.

Age trajectories of mortality from all diseases in five countries of central Europe during the last decades.

Age trajectories of total mortality represent an irreplaceable source of information about the relationship between mortality and age. Total mortality includes death from external causes. Age affects mortality from all diseases differently than it affects mortality from external causes.

Age trajectories of mortality from all diseases in the six most populated countries of the South America during the last decades.

Age trajectories of total mortality represent an irreplaceable source of information about aging. In principle, age affects mortality from all diseases differently than it affects mortality from external causes. External causes (accidents) are excluded here from all causes, and the resultant category "all-diseases" is tested as a helpful tool to better understand the relationship between mortality and age.

Decrease of total activity with time at long distances from a nuclear accident or explosion.

Two data groups were analyzed: (1) the exposure rate in the former Czechoslovakia after the Chernobyl accident in 1986, and (2) the decrease of beta activity of an atmospheric fallout sample taken in Bratislava during 24 h on 30 May 1965. Both quantities decreased with the first power of time. This pattern of decrease is explained by applying the same mathematical formalism as is also used to describe the decrease in postnatal mortality with age.

The decline of postnatal mortality from gastrointestinal anomalies with age.

It has been previously shown that mortality from congenital anomalies decreases with the first power of age with the exception of "gastrointestinal anomalies". On the other hand, mortality declines with the second power of age in the category "certain conditions originating in the perinatal period". According to the theory of congenital individual risks, the dying out of more impaired individuals causes these two types of mortality decline.

Analysis of mortality decline along with age and latent congenital defects.

Mortality from congenital anomalies is inversely proportional to age after the age of 1 year. The theory of congenital individual risk explains this mortality decline. The overall aim of this study is to test whether the theory describes mortality decline for all diseases within the first year of life and after the age of 1.