Exploring the subjective experience of researchers and co-researchers with lived experience of psychosis high risk states: a qualitative analysis within a participatory research process.

Background: The involvement and engagement of people with lived experience is considered increasingly important in health research. A growing corpus of literature on the involvement of people with lived experience of mental health conditions, including people at psychosis high risk states, can be found. This study aims to explore the subjective experience of researchers and co-researchers with lived experience of psychosis high risk states who were involved in a participatory research project.

[Everything can - nothing must? Peer support on acute psychiatric wards].

Peer support is recommended for improving acute psychiatric care, but research is lacking. This qualitative study examines the impact, particularly on coercive measures, through semi-structured interviews with four peers, four patients, and twelve (non-peer) staff members from two acute psychiatric wards. Analysis shows that peers experience unique opportunities and challenges in this context.

Children and adolescents at risk for seclusion and restraint in inpatient psychiatric treatment: a case control study.

Unlabelled: To reduce coercion in acute inpatient child and adolescent psychiatric units, a better understanding of individuals at risk for seclusion and/or restraint (S/R) is needed. We report data on the proportion of patients secluded/restrained and factors associated with higher risk of S/R. Identifying preventative mechanisms through risk stratification upon inpatient admission can aid the training of mental health professionals, and support shaping specific workflows for at-risk populations for example by joint crisis plans or post-coercion review sessions.

Impairments in psychological functioning in refugees and asylum seekers.

Refugees are at increased risk for developing psychological impairments due to stressors in the pre-, peri- and post-migration periods. There is limited knowledge on how everyday functioning is affected by migration experience. In a secondary analysis of a study in a sample of refugees and asylum seekers, it was examined how aspects of psychological functioning were differentially affected.

Space for youth mental health-coercive measure use before and after architectural innovation at a department of child and adolescent psychiatry.

Background: Influence of architectural features in child and adolescent psychiatric wards on coercive measure use has not been investigated so far. We aimed to assess the effect of altering the physical environment of an adolescent psychiatric inpatient unit on the proportion and frequency of adolescents experiencing mechanical coercive measures.

Method: In a naturalistic observational design, coercive measures were compared before and after an architectural intervention facilitated by rebuilding a child and adolescent psychiatric department in October 2020.

Risk factors for mental disorder development in asylum seekers and refugees resettled in Western Europe and Turkey: Participant-level analysis of two large prevention studies.

Background: In asylum seekers and refugees, the frequency of mental disorders, such as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder, is higher than the general population, but there is a lack of data on risk factors for the development of mental disorders in this population.

Aim: This study investigated the risk factors for mental disorder development in a large group of asylum seekers and refugees resettled in high- and middle-income settings.

Methods: Participant-level data from two randomized prevention studies involving asylum seekers and refugees resettled in Western European countries and in Turkey were pooled.

Trajectories of psychosocial symptoms and wellbeing in asylum seekers and refugees exposed to traumatic events and resettled in Western Europe, Turkey, and Uganda.

Longitudinal studies examining mental health trajectories in refugees and asylum seekers are scarce. To investigate trajectories of psychological symptoms and wellbeing in refugees and asylum seekers, and identify factors associated with these trajectories. 912 asylum seekers and refugees from the control arm of three trials in Europe ( = 229), Turkey ( = 320), and Uganda ( = 363) were included.

Does the relative importance of the OxCAP-MH's capability items differ according to mental ill-health experience?

Background: Some capability dimensions may be more important than others in determining someone's well-being, and these preferences might be dependent on ill-health experience. This study aimed to explore the relative preference weights of the 16 items of the German language version of the OxCAP-MH (Oxford Capability questionnaire-Mental Health) capability instrument and their differences across cohorts with alternative levels of mental ill-health experience.

Methods: A Best-Worst-Scaling (BWS) survey was conducted in Austria among 1) psychiatric patients (direct mental ill-health experience), 2) (mental) healthcare experts (indirect mental ill-health experience), and 3) primary care patients with no mental ill-health experience.

Effectiveness of a WHO self-help psychological intervention for preventing mental disorders among Syrian refugees in Turkey: a randomized controlled trial.

Refugees are at high risk of developing mental disorders. There is no evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that psychological interventions can prevent the onset of mental disorders in this group. We assessed the effectiveness of a self-help psychological intervention developed by the World Health Organization, called Self-Help Plus, in preventing the development of mental disorders among Syrian refugees experiencing psychological distress in Turkey.

Effectiveness of Self-Help Plus in Preventing Mental Disorders in Refugees and Asylum Seekers in Western Europe: A Multinational Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Self-Help Plus (SH+) is a group-based psychological intervention developed by the World Health Organization for managing stress.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of SH+ in preventing mental disorders in refugees and asylum seekers in Western Europe.

Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial in 5 European countries.

Metacognitive beliefs in individuals at risk for psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of sex differences.

Background: Sex differences were found in several domains in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis, but no previous work has systematically reviewed and analysed possible sex differences in metacognition in this population. However, alterations in metacognitive beliefs have been shown in the at-risk mental state for psychosis population. Our aim was to qualitatively review and quantitatively analyse the existing literature for data on sex differences in metacognitive beliefs-mainly depicted by the Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ) and its short form (MCQ-30)-in individuals with at-risk mental states.

Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of Self-Help Plus (SH+) for preventing mental disorders in refugees and asylum seekers in Europe and Turkey: study protocols for two randomised controlled trials.

Introduction: This article describes two randomised controlled trials that will evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of Self-Help Plus (SH+), a group self-help intervention developed by the WHO to reduce distress. In these trials SH+ is being tested as a preventative intervention to lower the incidence of mental disorders in asylum seekers and refugees with psychological distress resettled in Europe and Turkey.

Methods And Analysis: Two prospective, multicentre, randomised, rater-blinded, parallel-group studies will follow participants over a period of 12 months.

Thiamine Substitution in Alcohol Use Disorder: A Narrative Review of Medical Guidelines.

Aims: Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) frequently suffer from cognitive deficits ranging from mild symptoms to most severe forms. Wernicke encephalopathy (WE), caused by thiamine deficiency, is a potentially fatal syndrome characterized by the clinical triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and confusion. WE frequently presents in patients with AUD and, if left untreated, can progress to Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, which constitutes severe anterograde amnesia, confabulation, and behavioral abnormalities.

[Criterion Validity of the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale in the Austrian Population].

Objective: The "Geriatric Depression Scale" consisting of 15 items (GDS-15) is a well-known screening tool for depression among the elderly. Until now the criterion validity of the German language GDS-15 was not investigated in a sample of the adult general population.

Methods: 504 persons of the Austrian general population completed the GDS-15.

Seasonality in bipolar disorder: Effect of sex and age.

Background: Mood episodes in bipolar disorder (BD) are reported to exhibit a seasonal pattern (SP). However, it is unclear whether this pattern is influenced by a patient's sex and age.

Methods: In this nationwide registry study, we examined all inpatient treatments due to a manic (F31.

[Criterion Validity of the German Version of the CES-D in the General Population].

Objective: The "Center of Epidemiologic Studies - Depression scale" (CES-D) is a well-known screening tool for depression. Until now the criterion validity of the German version of the CES-D was not investigated in a sample of the adult general population.

Methods: 508 study participants of the Austrian general population completed the CES-D.

Do patients with different psychiatric disorders show altered social decision-making? A systematic review of ultimatum game experiments in clinical populations.

Background: Impairments in social functioning are a common feature of psychiatric disorders. Game paradigms pose a unique way for studying how people make decisions in interpersonal contexts. In the last decade, researchers have started to use these paradigms to study social decision-making in patients with psychiatric disorders.