Association of Serum Antioxidant Vitamins and Carotenoids With Incident Alzheimer Disease and All-Cause Dementia Among US Adults.

Background And Objectives: Serum antioxidant vitamins and carotenoids may protect against neurodegeneration with age. We examined associations of these nutritional biomarkers with incident all-cause and Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia among US middle-aged and older adults.

Methods: Using data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (1988-1994), linked with Centers for Medicare & Medicaid follow-up data, we tested associations and interactions of serum vitamins A, C, and E and total and individual serum carotenoids and interactions with incident AD and all-cause dementia.

Mixed carotenoid supplementation and dysmetabolic obesity: gaps in knowledge.

Dysmetabolic obesity during childhood and adolescence currently represents one of the greatest therapeutic challenge for healthcare systems worldwide. The global rates of obesity have more than doubled in the last 30 years. Recent meta-analysis from national surveys and food composition studies suggest an inverse association between lower carotenoid levels and the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in the general population, independent of serum retinol (vitamin A) levels.

Systemic Inflammation Is Associated With Longitudinal Changes in Cognitive Performance Among Urban Adults.

Systemic inflammation can affect cognitive performance over time. The current study examined associations between systemic inflammation and cognitive performance among African Americans and Whites urban adults, stratifying by sex, and age group and by race. Among 1,555-1,719 White and African-American urban adults [Age: 30-64y, 2004-2013, mean±SD follow-up time(y): 4.

Dietary factors are associated with serum uric acid trajectory differentially by race among urban adults.

Serum uric acid (SUA), a causative agent for gout, is linked to dietary factors, perhaps differentially by race. Cross-sectional (SUAbase, i.e.

Vitamin D Status and Intakes and Their Association With Cognitive Trajectory in a Longitudinal Study of Urban Adults.

Context: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and dietary and supplemental vitamin D may influence cognitive outcomes.

Objectives: Sex-, age-, and race-specific associations of vitamin D status and intake with longitudinal change in various cognitive domains were examined in a large sample of ethnically and socioeconomically diverse US urban adults.

Design: Two prospective waves of data from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study were used.

Vitamin D Receptor and Megalin Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with Longitudinal Cognitive Change among African-American Urban Adults.

The link between longitudinal cognitive change and polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor () and [or LDL receptor-related protein 2 ()] genes remains unclear, particularly among African-American (AA) adults. We aimed to evaluate associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for [rs11568820 (Cdx-2:T/C), rs1544410 (BsmI:G/A), rs7975232 (ApaI:A/C), rs731236 (TaqI:G/A)] and [rs3755166:G/A,rs2075252:C/T, rs2228171:C/T] genes with longitudinal cognitive performance change in various domains of cognition. Data from 1024 AA urban adult participants in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Life Span (Baltimore, Maryland) with complete genetic data were used, of whom 660-797 had complete data on 9 cognitive test scores at baseline and/or the first follow-up examination and complete covariate data (∼52% female; mean age: ∼52 y; mean years of education: 12.

Genetic risk scores, sex and dietary factors interact to alter serum uric acid trajectory among African-American urban adults.

Serum uric acid (SUA), a causative agent for gout among others, is affected by both genetic and dietary factors, perhaps differentially by sex. We evaluated cross-sectional (SUAbase) and longitudinal (SUArate) associations of SUA with a genetic risk score (GRS), diet and sex. We then tested the interactive effect of GRS, diet and sex on SUA.

Serum Uric Acid and Its Association with Longitudinal Cognitive Change Among Urban Adults.

Uric acid, a waste metabolite among humans, was linked to various cognitive outcomes. We describe sex and age-group specific associations of baseline serum uric acid (SUAbase) and significant change in SUA (ΔSUA: 1 versus 0 = decrease versus no change; 2 versus 0 = increase versus no change) with longitudinal annual rate of cognitive change among a large sample of urban adults. Data from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study, 2004-2009 (visit 1) and 2009-2013 (visit 2) were used.