Design of an innovative nanovehicle to enhance brain permeability of a novel 5-HT6 receptor antagonist.

An innovative nanovehicle based on lipid nanocapsules (LNC) was designed to facilitate the passage of a new 5-HT receptor antagonist, namely PUC-10, through the blood-brain barrier. PUC-10 is a new synthetic -arylsulfonylindole that has demonstrated potent 5-HT receptor antagonist activity, but it exhibits poor solubility in water, which indicates limited absorption. The lipid nanocapsules designed had a nanometric size (53 nm), a monomodal distribution (PI<0.

Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) Prepared by Microwave and Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis: Promising Green Strategies for the Nanoworld.

Many pharmaceutically active molecules are highly lipophilic, which renders their administration and adsorption in patients extremely challenging. Among the countless strategies to overcome this problem, synthetic nanocarriers have demonstrated superb efficiency as drug delivery systems, since encapsulation can effectively prevent a molecules' degradation, thus ensuring increased biodistribution. However, metallic and polymeric nanoparticles have been frequently associated with possible cytotoxic side effects.

Dextran Nanocapsules with -3 in Their Nucleus: An Innovative Nanosystem for Imiquimod Transdermal Delivery.

Transdermal administration of molecules across the skin has gained interest because it can be considered a non-invasive route compared with traditional ones. However, going through the skin is challenging due to the presence of the stratum corneum, the main barrier of substances. For this reason, the goal of this research was the combination of omega-3 (-3) and a dextran sulfate assembly in a nanostructure form, which allows passage through the skin and improves the bioavailability and the therapeutic profiles of active molecules, such as imiquimod.

Effect of zeta potential of innovative lipid nanocapsules on triamcinolone transdermal delivery.

Two pegylated lipid nanocapsules for triamcinolone transdermal delivery were designed. Both present a size close to 50 nm and a single monomodal distribution in particle size (PI < 0.2), with a zeta potential of - 20 ± 2 and + 18 ± 1, respectively.

A new era in oxygen therapeutics? From perfluorocarbon systems to haemoglobin-based oxygen carriers.

Blood transfusion is the key to life in case of traumatic emergencies, surgeries and in several pathological conditions. An important goal of whole blood or red blood cell transfusion is the fast delivery of oxygen to vital organs and restoration of circulation volume. Whole blood or red blood cell transfusion has several limitations.

The Importance of Nanocarrier Design and Composition for an Efficient Nanoparticle-Mediated Transdermal Vaccination.

The World Health Organization estimates that the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus claimed more than 3 million lives in 2020 alone. This situation has highlighted the importance of vaccination programs and the urgency of working on new technologies that allow an efficient, safe, and effective immunization. From this perspective, nanomedicine has provided novel tools for the design of the new generation of vaccines.

Design of Chitosan Nanocapsules with Compritol 888 ATO® for Imiquimod Transdermal Administration. Evaluation of Their Skin Absorption by Raman Microscopy.

Purpose: Design imiquimod-loaded chitosan nanocapsules for transdermal delivery and evaluate the depth of imiquimod transdermal absorption as well as the kinetics of this absorption using Raman Microscopy, an innovative strategy to evaluate transdermal absorption. This nanovehicle included Compritol 888ATO®, a novel excipient for formulating nanosystems whose administration through the skin has not been studied until now.

Methods: Nanocapsules were made by solvent displacement method and their physicochemical properties was measured by DLS and laser-Doppler.

Hyaluronic Acid Nanocapsules as a Platform for Needle-Free Vaccination.

Vaccination faces many challenges nowadays, and among them the use of adjuvant molecules and needle-free administration are some of the most demanding. The combination of transcutaneous vaccination and nanomedicine through a rationally designed new-formulation could be the solution to this problem. This study focuses on this rational design.

Influence of protamine shell on nanoemulsions as a carrier for cyclosporine-A skin delivery.

Novel protamine-based nanosystems have been studied for cyclosporine-A (CsA) skin delivery. Core-shell structure systems have been developed to this end. These vehicles have particles sizes of 200-300 nm, a low polydispersity index and a zeta potential which varies between -16 mV and +35 mV.

Protamine Nanocapsules for the Development of Thermostable Adjuvanted Nanovaccines.

One of the main challenges in the development of vaccine has been to improve their stability at room temperature and eliminate the limitations associated with the cold chain storage. In this paper, we describe the development and optimization of thermostable nanocarriers consisting of an oily core with immunostimulating activity, containing squalene or α tocopherol surrounded by a protamine shell. The results showed that these nanocapsules can efficiently associate the recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen (rHBsAg) without compromising its antigenicity.

Lower-Sized Chitosan Nanocapsules for Transcutaneous Antigen Delivery.

Transcutaneous vaccination has several advantages including having a noninvasive route and needle-free administration; nonetheless developing an effective transdermal formulation has not been an easy task because skin physiology, particularly the stratum corneum, does not allow antigen penetration. Size is a crucial parameter for successful active molecule administration through the skin. Here we report a new core-shell structure rationally developed for transcutaneous antigen delivery.

Polymeric Nanocapsules for Vaccine Delivery: Influence of the Polymeric Shell on the Interaction With the Immune System.

The use of biomaterials and nanosystems in antigen delivery has played a major role in the development of novel vaccine formulations in the last few decades. In an effort to gain a deeper understanding of the interactions between these systems and immunocompetent cells, we describe here a systematic and study on three types of polymeric nanocapsules (NCs). These carriers, which contained protamine (PR), polyarginine (PARG), or chitosan (CS) in the external shell, and their corresponding nanoemulsion were prepared, and their main physicochemical properties were characterized.

Rational design of protamine nanocapsules as antigen delivery carriers.

Unlabelled: Current challenges in global immunization indicate the demand for new delivery strategies, which could be applied to the development of new vaccines against emerging diseases, as well as to improve safety and efficacy of currently existing vaccine formulations. Here, we report a novel antigen nanocarrier consisting of an oily core and a protamine shell, further stabilized with pegylated surfactants. These nanocarriers, named protamine nanocapsules, were rationally designed to promote the intracellular delivery of antigens to immunocompetent cells and to trigger an efficient and long-lasting immune response.

Protamine-based nanoparticles as new antigen delivery systems.

The use of biodegradable nanoparticles as antigen delivery vehicles is an attractive approach to overcome the problems associated with the use of Alum-based classical adjuvants. Herein we report, the design and development of protamine-based nanoparticles as novel antigen delivery systems, using recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen as a model viral antigen. The nanoparticles, composed of protamine and a polysaccharide (hyaluronic acid or alginate), were obtained using a mild ionic cross-linking technique.

Nanovaccines : nanocarriers for antigen delivery.

Vaccination has become one of the most important health interventions of our times, revolutionizing health care, and improving the quality of life and life expectancy of millions all over the world. In spite of this, vaccine research remains a vast field for innovation and improvement. Indeed, the shift towards the use of sub-unit antigens, much safer but less immunogenic, and the recognized need to facilitate the access to vaccines in the global framework is currently stimulating the search for safe and efficient adjuvants and delivery technologies.

Polypeptides and polyaminoacids in drug delivery.

Introduction: Advances achieved over the last few years in drug delivery have provided novel and versatile possibilities for the treatment of various diseases. Among the biomaterials applied in this field, it is worth highlighting the increasing importance of polyaminoacids and polypeptides. The appealing properties of these polymers are very promising for the design of novel compositions in a variety of drug delivery applications.

Passive and iontophoretic transdermal penetration of chlorpromazine.

The in vitro iontophoretic transdermal delivery of chlorpromazine (CPZ) across pig skin was investigated. Anodal iontophoresis considerably increased CPZ skin penetration and accumulation compared with the passive controls. The effect of CPZ concentration in the donor solution was studied (1.