The antibacterial and antifungal activity of essential oils extracted from Guatemalan medicinal plants.

Context: Essential oils are prevalent in many medicinal plants used for oral hygiene and treatment of diseases.

Objective: Medicinal plant species were extracted to determine the essential oil content. Those producing sufficient oil were screened for activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Candida albicans.

Validity of the sluggish cognitive tempo, inattention, and hyperactivity symptom dimensions: neuropsychological and psychosocial correlates.

This study examined the latent structure and validity of inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, and sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) symptomatology. We evaluated mother and teacher ratings of ADHD and SCT symptoms in 140 Puerto Rican children (55.7% males), ages 6 to 11 years, via factor and regression analyses.

Evaluation of Behavioral and Pharmacological Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Valeriana prionophylla Standl. from Guatemala.

There are few studies on the pharmacological properties of Valeriana prionophylla Standl. (VP), known as "Valeriana del monte", and used in Mesoamerican folk medicine to treat sleep disorders. This study examines the pharmacological effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of the dry rhizome using the open field, rota rod, elevated plus-maze (EPM), forced swimming (FST), strychnine- and pentobarbital-induced sleeping time, PTZ-induced seizures, and the inhibitory avoidance tests.

Use of brimonidine before LASIK with femtosecond laser-created flaps for the correction of myopia: a contralateral eye study.

Purpose: To evaluate the changes in the incidence of subconjunctival hemorrhage, hyperemia, photophobia, flap displacements, and flap retractions in myopic patients who have undergone LASIK with an IntraLase 15-kHz femtosecond laser (intraLASIK) with or without the application of brimonidine tartrate 0.2% in one eye.

Methods: Two hundred eyes of 100 myopic patients were enrolled in this brimonidine tartrate fellow eye control study.

Evaluation of sleep quality in patients with refractory seizures who undergo epilepsy surgery.

The aim of the study was to evaluate excessive daytime sleepiness and subjective sleep quality in patients who undergo epilepsy surgery for treatment of refractory partial seizures. Forty-eight patients were enrolled in this research study. All of them were evaluated 2 days before and 3 months after the surgery.

Parent perceived impact of Spaniard boys' and girls' inattention, hyperactivity, and oppositional defiant behaviors on family life.

Objective: This study examined the impact of inattention, hyperactivity, and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) behaviors and gender on family life.

Method: We created scales for the Family Experiences Inventory (FEI) in a nonclinical sample of Spaniard families with children ages 6 to 12 years (N = 369) and analyzed the perceived impact of these three behavior dimensions on family experiences.

Results: Multiple regression analyses indicated that ODD behaviors were uniquely correlated with Total FEI and its dimensions.

Pre- and post-operative Wisconsin card sorting test performance in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy due to hippocampal sclerosis.

Unlabelled: Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy due to hippocampal sclerosis (TLE/HS) have a distinct neuropsychological profile, but there is still debate on whether executive dysfunction is part of this profile and also whether temporal lobe surgery can modify this dysfunction.

Objective: To study the presence and reversibility of executive dysfunction in patients with unilateral TLE/HS.

Methods: Twenty-five patients with refractory seizures due to TLE/HS underwent presurgical evaluation which included the application of the Wiconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST).

Seizure and memory outcome following temporal lobe surgery: selective compared with nonselective approaches for hippocampal sclerosis.

Object: The aim of this study was to compare seizure and memory outcome in patients with medically refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy due to hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE/HS) treated using an anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) or a selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SA).

Methods: Surgical outcome data were prospectively collected for 2 to 11 years in 161 consecutive patients with MTLE/ HS. Eighty patients underwent an ATL and 81 an SA.

Comparison of the DSM-IV combined and inattentive types of ADHD in a school-based sample of Latino/Hispanic children.

Background: The aim of this investigation was to examine the construct validity and distinctiveness of the inattentive type (IT) and combined type (CT) of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in a Latino/Hispanic sample.

Method: A comprehensive assessment was conducted with a clinically diagnosed school-based sample of 98 children aged 6 to 11 (CT=44; IT=25; control group=29).

Results: Both ADHD groups were impaired on academic achievement measures, presented more ADHD-type behaviors during math and vigilance tasks, and exhibited greater internalizing symptoms.

Time estimation and performance on reproduction tasks in subtypes of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

This study compared Hispanic children (ages 7 to 11) with combined type (CT, n=33) and inattentive type (IT, n=21) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and a control group (n=25) on time-estimation and time-reproduction tasks. The ADHD groups showed larger errors in time reproduction but not in time estimation than the control group, and the groups did not differ from each other on their performance on this task. Individual differences could not be accounted for by oppositional-defiance ratings and low math or reading scores.

Survival analysis of the surgical outcome of temporal lobe epilepsy due to hippocampal sclerosis.

Purpose: Surgical results in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy due to hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE/HS) are often reported in conjunction with other etiologies of TLE.

Methods: We prospectively collected surgical outcome data for 2 to 11 years for 134 consecutive patients who specifically had MTLE and unilateral HS, according to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and confirmed by histopathology. Sixty-five had postoperative neuropsychological testing.