The management of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) including oral leukoplakia (OL) is not currently structured according to agreed guidelines. The current report presents survey data gathered from Oral Medicine Practitioners (OMPs) in Europe and Australia and is aimed to investigate attitudes and practice in the diagnosis, risk stratification and treatment of OL. In the presence of a clinical provisional diagnosis of OL, respondents reported always undertaking biopsy in 83% of cases, with most OMPs also relying on diagnostic adjuncts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To investigate the available evidence on the malignant transformation (MT) of oral proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL).
Material And Methods: We searched six main electronic and three grey literature databases in a two-phase process. Cohort studies investigating MT of PVL were eligible for inclusion.
Aims: To discuss the terminology to define and classify actinic cheilitis (AC) and to build a consensus on the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to AC.
Methods: Two-round Delphi study using a questionnaire including 34 closed sentences (9 on terminology and taxonomy, 5 on potential for malignant transformation, 12 on diagnostic aspects, 8 on treatment) and 8 open questions. Experts' agreement was rated using a Likert scale (1-7).
Unlabelled: The authors detected some minor errors in the published manuscript (Rubert A, Bagán L, Bagán JV. Oral leukoplakia, a clinical-histopathological study in 412 patients. J Clin Exp Dent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral Medicine is a young dental specialty born almost a century ago and deals with orofacial conditions not directly attributable to the most prevalent tooth pathologies such as dental caries or periodontal diseases. Presentations may reflect local disease or orofacial manifestations of more widespread pathology affecting other parts of the body. Due to its recency as a distinct discipline and to heterogeneous global settings, Oral Medicine has not yet achieved a shared scope and definition, as well as a recognized status across the globe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: A systematic review and meta-analysis were made of the incidence of recurrences in patients with proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) subjected to different types of treatment.
Methods: The study was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines. A literature search was made in the Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, and Web of Science databases, together with a manual search, covering the period from 1985 to January 2020, with no language restrictions.
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are associated with an increased risk of occurrence of cancers of the lip or oral cavity. This paper presents an updated report on the nomenclature and the classification of OPMDs, based predominantly on their clinical features, following discussions by an expert group at a workshop held by the World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer in the UK. The first workshop held in London in 2005 considered a wide spectrum of disorders under the term "potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa" (PMD) (now referred to as oral potentially malignant disorders: OPMD) including leukoplakia, erythroplakia, proliferative verrucous leukoplakia, oral lichen planus, oral submucous fibrosis, palatal lesions in reverse smokers, lupus erythematosus, epidermolysis bullosa, and dyskeratosis congenita.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To explore the pathophysiology of proliferative verrucous leukoplakia, a rare oral disorder that exhibits high rates of recurrence and malignant transformation, through a RNAseq case-control study.
Material And Methods: We obtained oral biopsies from 10 patients with verrucous leukoplakia lesions and from the mucosa of 5 healthy individuals for sequencing using RNAseq technology. Using bioinformatic methods, we investigated gene expression and enrichment differences between patients both with and without the disorder.
Background: The objective of this study was to describe the clinical and radiographic characteristics of our series of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) associated with denosumab.
Material And Methods: We presented 15 cases of ONJ associated with denosumab; 11 received treatment for their osteoporosis and four for cancer treatments. We recorded the most frequent clinical findings, symptoms and radiographic characteristics in our patient group, as well as local and systemic contributing factors.
Background: A retrospective clinical-histopathological study was made of the evolution of oral leukoplakia over time, staging the disease according to the classification of van der Waal.
Material And Methods: A study was made of 412 patients with oral leukoplakia, analyzing the corresponding clinical factors and histopathological findings; assessing associations between the different clinical presentations and epithelial dysplasia; and evaluating the factors influencing malignant transformation of the lesions.
Results: Clinically, homogeneous presentations were seen to predominate (n = 336, 81.
Cytokines are a group of small proteins involved in the regulation of infection, immune responses and inflammation. Since altered cytokine responsiveness has been linked to Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC), research to date indicates the possibility of using salivary pro- and anti-inflammatory proteins for screening of oral disorders. OSCC is a multistep neoplasia in which many genetic and epigenetic changes have been correlated to cancerous transformation of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) such as oral leukoplakia, erythroplakia and lichen planus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Arch Otorhinolaryngol
October 2017
Because of the many HIV-related malignancies, the diagnosis and treatment of lymphoma in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus are challenging. Here, we review current knowledge of the pathogenesis, epidemiology, symptomatology, diagnosis, and treatment of head and neck lymphomas in HIV patients from a clinical perspective. Although Hodgkin's lymphoma is not an AIDS-defining neoplasm, its prevalence is ten times higher in HIV patients than in the general population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: A study is made of the main oral manifestations of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), particularly salivary flow, and of its possible association to periodontal disease.
Material And Methods: A prospective comparative study was made of 146 patients (73 with RA and 73 controls), recording pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, bleeding index, plaque index, and the DMFT index to assess periodontal and dental alterations. Sialometric measurements were also made to determine resting, stimulated, and parotid salivary flow.
Background: To analyze the presence of salivary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in oral squamous cell carcinoma and potentially malignant oral disorders.
Material And Methods: Three groups were studied: Group 1 (12 oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC)), Group 2 (12 potentially malignant oral disorders (PMD)) and Group 3 (47 healthy controls). EBV DNA salivary analysis was performed by PCR.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol
February 2016
Oral medicine (stomatology) is a recognized and increasingly important dental specialty in many parts of the world that recognizes and fosters the interplay between medical health and oral health. Its dental activities rely greatly on the underlying biology of disease and evidence-based outcomes. However, full recognition of the importance of oral medicine to patient care, research, and education is not yet totally universally acknowledged.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Thrombotic disorders remain a leading cause of death in the Western world, and in this regard a number of anticoagulation treatment have been used, including heparins, fondaparinux, vitamin K antagonists (warfarin, acenocoumarol), and new oral anticoagulants such as apixaban. For years there has been great controversy regarding the use of anticoagulants in planning dental treatments that imply bleeding. The main concerns about using new oral anticoagulants in invasive dental procedures are bleeding due to the lack of an antidote, and the thrombotic risk of the disease for which anticoagulation was indicated in the first place.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Craniomaxillofac Surg
November 2015
Purpose: Imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography (PET) are often used to complement the clinical exploration and staging of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Which of these techniques is best in establishing correct staging and treatment planning is not clear, however. This study aims to determine which technique is most appropriate for diagnosing the primary tumor and for detecting bone invasion and neck metastases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cytokines and chemokines have been analysed in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and potentially malignant disorders. We selected interleukin-6 (IL-6) because it is a multifunctional interleukin reported to be altered in potentially malignant oral disorders and in malignant lesions. To date, this has not been evaluated or tested in proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL), however.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal
September 2015
The authors have collaborated with many colleagues in several countries in formulating a useful and practical clinical tool for evaluating oral mucosal findings on routine examination. Consideration of several factors including history, evolution of positive findings and clinical information allows placement of examination results into one of three categories which are graded by a color scheme along a spectrum of concerns (green to red, or no concern to serious concern). Afforded to the clinician is a straightforward grading system as a starting point for office end clinic use for all patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGraft versus host disease (GVHD) is one of the most frequent and serious complications of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and is regarded as the leading cause of late mortality unrelated to the underlying malignant disease. GVHD is an autoimmune and alloimmune disorder that usually affects multiple organs and tissues, and exhibits a variable clinical course. It can manifest in either acute or chronic form.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCandidiasis or oral candidosis is one of the most common human opportunistic fungal infections of the oral cavity. This pathology has a wide variety of treatment which has been studied until these days. The present study offers a literature review on the treatment of oral candidiasis, with the purpose of establish which treatment is the most suitable in each case.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: The objectives of this study are to describe the distinctive characteristics of extra-nodal B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (BNHLs) located in the head and neck in a series of patients, to discuss patient survival, and to compare the oral versus the non-oral locations of the extra-nodal BNHLs of the head and neck.
Material And Methods: We studied 68 patients with BNHL of the head and neck. We analyzed the clinical and survival characteristics.
Objective: A study was designed to measure of the incidence of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) following tooth extraction in patients receiving or who have received intravenous bisphosphonates (Zometa, zoledronic acid).
Method And Materials: A prospective cohort study was made of 36 patients subjected to 62 tooth extractions. All these 36 patients had been treated or were receiving treatment with zoledronic acid.
Purpose. To report the efficacy of conservative surgical treatment for stage I bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). Materials and Methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Schwannomas are benign and not very frequent tumors of the peripheral nerves, derived from the nerve supporting Schwann cells.
Study Design: Data were collected on the clinical manifestations (sex, age), location, size and symptonts of the lesions as well as the evolution time and the initial (presumption) diagnosis.
Results: Twelve patients were documented, with a mean age of 29,5 ± 12,1 years (range 16-50) and a balanced gender distribution.