SARS-CoV-2 Infection During the First and Second Pandemic Waves in Spain: the ENE-COVID Study.

To describe participant characteristics associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in Spain's first 2 COVID-19 waves per the Spanish National Seroepidemiological Survey of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (ENE-COVID). A representative cohort of the noninstitutionalized Spanish population, selected through stratified 2-stage sampling, answered a questionnaire and received point-of-care testing April to June 2020 (first wave: n = 68 287); previously seronegative participants repeated the questionnaire and test November 2020 (second wave: n = 44 451). We estimated seropositivity by wave and participant characteristics, accounting for sampling weights, nonresponse, and design effects.

Evolution of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 over seven months: Experience of the nationwide seroprevalence ENE-COVID study in Spain.

Background: The main aims of this study were to analyze trends of SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleocapsid IgG throughout the four rounds of the seroepidemiologic study ENE-COVID, and compare the fourth-round results of two immunoassays detecting anti-nucleocapsid and anti-RBD IgG.

Methods: ENE-COVID was developed in 2020 (two phases). Phase one included three rounds carried out in April 27-May 11, May 18-June 1, and June 8-June 22.

ENE-COVID nationwide serosurvey served to characterize asymptomatic infections and to develop a symptom-based risk score to predict COVID-19.

Objectives: To characterize asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections and develop a symptom-based risk score useful in primary healthcare.

Study Design And Setting: Sixty-one thousand ninty-two community-dwelling participants in a nationwide population-based serosurvey completed a questionnaire on COVID-19 symptoms and received an immunoassay for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies between April 27 and June 22, 2020. Standardized prevalence ratios for asymptomatic infection were estimated across participant characteristics.

Infection fatality risk for SARS-CoV-2 in community dwelling population of Spain: nationwide seroepidemiological study.

Objective: To estimate the infection fatality risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), based on deaths with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) and excess deaths from all causes.

Design: Nationwide seroepidemiological study.

Setting: First wave of covid-19 pandemic in Spain.

Good practice regarding smoking cessation management in Spain: Challenges and opportunities for primary care physicians and nurses.

Introduction: We analyze the activities carried out by primary care (PC) physicians and nurses with respect to smoking cessation and evaluate their self-reported training, knowledge, and behavior.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted including 1514 PC physicians and nurses from June 2016 to March 2017, in Spain. The main variable was Good Practice (GP) in attention to smokers.

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Spain (ENE-COVID): a nationwide, population-based seroepidemiological study.

Background: Spain is one of the European countries most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Serological surveys are a valuable tool to assess the extent of the epidemic, given the existence of asymptomatic cases and little access to diagnostic tests. This nationwide population-based study aims to estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Spain at national and regional level.

Technological bases for teledermatopathology: state of the art.

Teledermatopathology can be defined as a telemedicine application related to histological diagnosis of cutaneous specimens. Its development and implementation around the world is very heterogeneous due to the wide range of existing geographical, social and healthcare conditions. This paper reviews the technological bases for static (use of images generated at one side, stored on a computer, and then transmitted to another site for a second diagnosis) and dynamic teledermatopathology (interaction between an user located on a remote area and a histological video image captured from a microscopy which allows navigation across the slide) as well as for virtual microscopy.