Fibrous dysplasia: rare manifestation in the temporal bone.

Introduction: Fibrous dysplasia is a benign disorder, in which normal bone is replaced by fibrosis and immature bone trabeculae, showing a similar distribution between the genders, and being more prevalent in the earlier decades of life. Fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone is a rare condition, and there is no consensus as to whether it is more common in monostotic or polyostotic forms. External auditory meatus stenosis and conductive dysacusis are the most common manifestations, with cholesteatoma being a common complication, whereas the involvement of the otic capsule is an unusual one.

Endoscopic tympanoplasty with inlay cartilage graft in an university hospital.

Introduction: Tympanoplasty is the surgical procedure aimed at the reconstruction of the tympanic membrane and restoration of the sound conducting mechanism. It can be performed with several types of access and grafts and is considered successful when it achieves complete closure of the tympanic perforation and sound conduction improvement.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of successful closure of tympanic perforations and auditory results of endoscopic tympanoplasty with an inlay tragus cartilage graft.

Translation, validation and cultural adaptation of "The Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire-7" (ETDQ-7) to Brazilian Portuguese (BR).

Introduction: Chronic Eustachian tube dysfunction can cause several symptoms and middle ear conditions that can impact patient quality of life. It is estimated to be relatively frequent, affecting approximately 5% of adults. The diagnostic tools for this condition are still inadequate.

How to avoid the inappropriate use of antibiotics in upper respiratory tract infections? A position statement from an expert panel.

Introduction: Bacterial resistance burden has increased in the past years, mainly due to inappropriate antibiotic use. Recently it has become an urgent public health concern due to its impact on the prolongation of hospitalization, an increase of total cost of treatment and mortality associated with infectious disease. Almost half of the antimicrobial prescriptions in outpatient care visits are prescribed for acute upper respiratory infections, especially rhinosinusitis, otitis media, and pharyngotonsillitis.

Transcanal endoscopic myringoplasty: a case series in a university center.

Introduction: Transcanal myringoplasty has the advantages of demanding lower operative time and minimal external incisions. It can be performed using the microscopic or endoscopic approach. In the last decade, the use of endoscopes in ear surgery has increased significantly.

Complications of otitis media - a potentially lethal problem still present.

Introduction: It is an erroneous but commonly held belief that intracranial complications (ICCs) of chronic and acute otitis media (COM and AOM) are past diseases or from developing countries. These problems remain, despite improvements in antibiotic care.

Objective: This paper analyzes the occurrence and clinical characteristics and course of the main ICCs of otitis media (OM).

Expression of aquaporin 2 following facial nerve crush in rats.

Conclusion: We demonstrated an early increase in aquaporin 2 (AQP2) expression in a motor nerve (extratemporal facial nerve, FN) following acute peripheral compression (crush), concomitant to effective development of motor dysfunction (facial palsy). The early increase in AQP2 expression that occurred concomitantly with the appearance of a deficit in a peripheral motor nerve suggests that this protein is involved in the physiological events associated with post-injury edema, similar to the already demonstrated behavior of AQP4 in the central nervous system (CNS).

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the expression of AQP2 in the FN of rats up to 7 days after crush.

Anatomical study of the pigs temporal bone by microdissection.

Purpose: Initial study of the pig`s temporal bone anatomy in order to enable a new experimental model in ear surgery.

Methods: Dissection of five temporal bones of Sus scrofa pigs obtained from UNIFESP - Surgical Skills Laboratory, removed with hole saw to avoid any injury and stored in formaldehyde 10% for better conservation. The microdissection in all five temporal bone had the following steps: inspection of the outer part, external canal and tympanic membrane microscopy, mastoidectomy, removal of external ear canal and tympanic membrane, inspection of ossicular chain and middle ear.

Anatomical study of the pigs temporal bone by microdissection.

Purpose: Initial study of the pig`s temporal bone anatomy in order to enable a new experimental model in ear surgery.

Methods: Dissection of five temporal bones of Sus scrofa pigs obtained from UNIFESP - Surgical Skills Laboratory, removed with hole saw to avoid any injury and stored in formaldehyde 10% for better conservation. The microdissection in all five temporal bone had the following steps: inspection of the outer part, external canal and tympanic membrane microscopy, mastoidectomy, removal of external ear canal and tympanic membrane, inspection of ossicular chain and middle ear.

Tissue response evaluation of the mucosa of the tympanic cavity of guinea pigs, when receiving biodegradable implant.

Purpose: To evaluate the tissue response of the mucosa of the tympanic cavity of guinea pigs, when receiving biodegradable implant.

Methods: A total of 20 male guinea pigs were divided into 2 groups. After paracentesis in both ears, a biodegradable polymer of poly lactic-co-glycolic acid was implanted in only one middle ear.

The impact of endoscopy on the treatment of cholesteatomas.

Unlabelled: Recurrent cholesteatoma is relatively uncommon. Residual middle ear cholesteatomas account for most of the cases of recurrent disease. The limited role of microscopy in the visualization of tridimensional anatomic alterations of the temporal bone led to the use of endoscopic examination as an additional tool in the realm of ear surgery.

Experimental video analysis of eye blink reflex in a primate model.

Background: The establishment of reliable methods for functional assessment in experimental models of peripheral nerve regeneration is crucial.

Methods: We present a straightforward method for video analysis of the eye blink reflex in a model of facial nerve damage in a nonhuman primate (Callithrix sp.).

Mastoiditis and facial paralysis as initial manifestations of Wegener's Granulomatosis.

Unlabelled: Wegener's Granulomatosis (WG) is characterized by necrotizing granulomas and vasculitis. If left untreated, the prognosis is poor--a 90% mortality rate within 2 years. Several authors have described the otologic manifestations of WG; these authors, however, have not mentioned the stage of the disease in which these findings present--whether as initial manifestations or subsequent to other findings.

The influence of the type of breastfeeding on middle ear conditions in infants.

Unlabelled: Infants should be submitted to hearing screening upon birth, and for the results to be complete, it is necessary to assess middle ear conditions.

Objective: To check whether the type of breastfeeding in infants between zero and four months can impact middle ear conditions my means an ENT assessment and acoustic immittance comparing neonates who were submitted to hearing screening with those who failed it.

Materials And Methods: Otoacoustic emissions (OAE) was carried out in 60 infants between zero and four months.

Intratemporal facial nerve ultrastructure in patients with idiopathic facial paralysis: viral infection evidence study.

Unlabelled: The etiology of idiopathic peripheral facial palsy (IPFP) is still uncertain; however, some authors suggest the possibility of a viral infection.

Aim: to analyze the ultrastructure of the facial nerve seeking viral evidences that might provide etiological data.

Material And Methods: We studied 20 patients with peripheral facial palsy (PFP), with moderate to severe FP, of both genders, between 18-60 years of age, from the Clinic of Facial Nerve Disorders.

Plug cartilage tympanoplasty in children.

Unlabelled: The treatment of tympanic membrane perforations in the pediatric population with sequelae of chronic otitis media represents a challenge to otolaryngologists.

Aim: To assess the clinical and audiometric results of the inlay technique with a tragus cartilage plug.

Materials And Methods: We assessed 23 patients (ages between 1 and 15 years) who underwent plug tympanoplasty.

Facial paralysis associated with acute otitis media.

Unlabelled: Acute otitis media with facial paralysis is not a very frequent association.

Aim: The goal of the present investigation was to asses the evolution of facial paralysis caused by acute otitis media. STUDY FORMAT: Clinical-retrospective.

Influence of cyclic AMP on facial nerve regeneration in rats.

Unlabelled: Promoting facial nerve regeneration is a significant challenge.

Aim: To evaluate the possible neurotrophic influence of cyclic AMP on facial nerve regeneration of Wistar rats.

Method: The right facial nerve of thirty-two animals were completely transected and immediately sutured, followed by exposure or not to topical cyclic AMP.

Presentation, treatment, and clinical course of otogenic lateral sinus thrombosis.

Conclusions: Otogenic lateral sinus thrombosis (OLST) is almost always associated with other complications of chronic otitis media (COM) and did not present a distinct clinical expression. In our experience, OLST exhibits a benign course if the underlying disease is controlled. Mastoidectomy in combination with broad-spectrum antibiotics provided effective treatment.

Anatomical study of a temporal bone from a non-human primate (Callithrix sp).

Unlabelled: The search for experimental (animal) models is essential to the development of clinical studies.

Aim: To demonstrate, by means of micro dissection techniques, the anatomical structures of temporal bones from the primate Callithrix sp.

Study Design: Experimental.

Vocal fold immobility after thyroidectomy with intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring.

Context And Objective: Intraoperative nerve monitoring has emerged as a valuable tool to facilitate recurrent laryngeal nerve identification during thyroid surgery, thereby avoiding its injury. The aim was to evaluate vocal fold mobility in patients who underwent thyroidectomy with intraoperative nerve monitoring.

Design And Setting: Cohort formed by a consecutive series of patients, at a tertiary cancer hospital.

Tinnitus treatment with Trazodone.

Unlabelled: Tinnitus is a common symptom, defined as a sound perception in absence of a sound stimulus.

Aim: Evaluate if Trazodone, an antidepressant drug, which modulates serotonin at central neuronal pathways, is effective in controlling tinnitus.

Study Design: Prospective, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled.