2 nd Brazilian Consensus on Chagas Disease, 2015.

Chagas disease is a neglected chronic condition with a high burden of morbidity and mortality. It has considerable psychological, social, and economic impacts. The disease represents a significant public health issue in Brazil, with different regional patterns.

[Brazilian Consensus on Chagas Disease, 2015].

Chagas disease is a neglected chronic condition that presents high morbidity and mortality burden, with considerable psychological, social, and economic impact. The disease represents a significant public health issue in Brazil, with different regional patterns. This document presents the evidence that resulted in the Brazilian Consensus on Chagas Disease.

Autologous Reconstruction and Visceral Transplantation for Management of Patients With Gut Failure After Bariatric Surgery: 20 Years of Experience.

Objective: Bariatric surgery (BS) is currently the most effective treatment for severe obesity. However, these weight loss procedures may result in the development of gut failure (GF) with the need for total parenteral nutrition (TPN). This retrospective study is the first to address the anatomic and functional spectrum of BS-associated GF with innovative surgical modalities to restore gut function.

The skin migratory stage of the schistosomulum of Schistosoma mansoni has a surface showing greater permeability and activity in membrane internalisation than other forms of skin or mechanical schistosomula.

Skin schistosomula can be prepared by collecting them after isolated mouse skin have been penetrated by cercariae in vitro. The schistosomula can also migrate out of isolated mouse skin penetrated by cercariae in vitro and from mouse skin penetrated by cercariae in vivo. Schistosomula can also be produced from cercariae applied through a syringe or in a vortex.

Clotting factor XIII and desmopressin improve hemostasis in uncontrolled bleeding.

Purpose: To investigate hemostatic effects of supplementary factor XIII and desmopressin (DDAVP) in resuscitation of uncontrolled bleeding.

Methods: Fifty-four rabbits were randomized in nine groups: G1: Sham; G2: FXIII and normotensive resuscitation (NBP); G3: FXIII and permissive hypotension (PH) (MAP 60% baseline); G4: FXIII/DDAVP/NBP; G5: FXIII/DDAVP/PH; G6: NBP only; G7: FXIII no hemorrhage; G8: FXIII/DDAVP no hemorrhage; G9: PH only. Thromboelastometry and intra-abdominal blood loss were assessed.

EFFECTIVE INDICATORS FOR SCIENCE INTERNATIONALIZATION.

Objective: To review of concepts and actions that aim to analyze the effects of internationalization of science and education, with emphasis in the medical field and its basement in development policies adopted by nations, exploring the potential for international interdisciplinary cooperation of each laboratory, department, university or institute.

Method: Search of indicators to assess the degree of internationalization of universities and research institutes in several interconnected levels: organizational, regional, sectoral and global, and policy-making in science, technology innovation and higher education.

Result: Scientific research is still carried out individually, but is now much more closely integrated with other social processes.

Mast cells are crucial in the resistance against Toxoplasma gondii oral infection.

During oral infection, mucosal immunity assumes a predominant role. Here, we addressed the role of mast cells (MCs), which are mainly located in mucosa during oral infection with Toxoplasma gondii, using MC-deficient (W/W(v) ) mice. We show that in the absence of MCs the resistance of W/W(v) mice to oral infection was considerably reduced.

[Laparoscopic hepatectomy with radiofrequency device].

Laparoscopic liver resections are gaining adherents among surgeons, as they show rapid recovery, shorter hospital stay and better cosmetic results. The use of a laparoscopic radiofrequency device was first carried out successfully in Brazil for resection of hepatocellular carcinoma of the segment VI in two cirrhotic patients. Although intraoperative bleeding remains a major challenge for the surgeon during laparoscopic liver resections, in both cases the hepatic vascular exclusion was expendable and there was no need for blood transfusion.

Assessment of morbidity and mortality after hepatic resections.

Objective: To describe morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing hepatectomy.

Methods: We evaluated hepatectomy according to type of surgery, perioperative blood transfusion, hospital stay, complications and postoperative mortality. For statistical analysis we used the Ficher's exact test, considering significant p values <0.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy aggravates liver reperfusion injury in rats.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HO) therapy in the protection against liver ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of eight animals each: group A - laparotomy and liver manipulation, group B - liver ischemia and reperfusion, group C - HO pretreatment for 60 min followed by liver ischemia and reperfusion, and group D - pretreatment with ambient air at 2.5 absolute atmospheres for 60 min followed by liver ischemia and reperfusion.

Chronic constipation - the role of clinical assessment and colorectal physiologic tests to obtain an etiologic diagnosis.

Background: Diagnosis of subtypes of chronic constipation has been considered difficult to achieve even in specialized centers. Although colorectal physiologic tests have brought an important contribution, it remains unclear in which patients these tests should be indicated for.

Aims: This study aims to establish a differential diagnosis for chronic constipation cases using clinical assessment and physiologic tests and to identify clinical parameters that could predict which patients need physiologic tests.

Electrogastrography in patients with Chagas' disease.

Electrogastrograghy (EGG) was performed in 33 patients with Chagas' disease and in 15 healthy volunteers-control group. The EGG was performed in two different periods: in fasting and postprandial. The EGG was submitted to a continuous spectral analysis.