First report of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni' associated with X-disease on sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) in Canada.

British Columbia (BC) is the lead producer of sweet cherries in Canada with more than 2,000 ha in production and a farm gate value of over CAD$100 million annually. Since 2010, an outbreak of little cherry disease caused by Little cherry virus 1 (LChV1) and Little cherry virus 2 (LChV2), as well as X-disease (XD) caused by 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni' has caused significant economic losses in neighboring Washington State (WA), USA. LChV1 and LChV2 have long been known to occur in BC (Theilmann et al.

Health Status of Ready-to-Plant Grapevine Nursery Material in Canada Regarding Young Vine Decline Fungi.

Young vine decline (YVD), caused by several taxonomically different fungi, results in the decline and death of grapevines within a few years after planting. Infection can occur in nursery mother blocks and/or at several stages in the nursery propagation process, but the final plant material may remain asymptomatic. Four nurseries that sell ready-to-plant grapevines in Canada were sampled to evaluate the health status with regard to YVD fungi, including Botryosphaeriaceae spp.

Phylogenetic and Evolutionary Studies of Grapevine Pinot Gris Virus Isolates from Canada.

This study investigated the phylogenetic relationship of grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) isolates from Canada with GPGV isolates reported worldwide. Full-length genomes of 25 GPGV isolates representing the main four grape-growing regions in Canada (British Columbia, Ontario, Nova Scotia and Quebec) were sequenced and compared to genomes of 43 GPGV isolates representing eight countries and three continents. Phylogenetic analysis based on full genome sequences revealed an unambiguous separation of North American GPGV isolates with isolates from Europe and Asia.

Biocontrol Activity of Species Isolated from Grapevines in British Columbia against Botryosphaeria Dieback Fungal Pathogens.

Botryosphaeria dieback (BD) is a grapevine trunk disease (GTD) causing significant yield losses and limiting the lifespan of vineyards worldwide. Fungi responsible for BD infect grapevines primarily through pruning wounds, and thus pruning wound protection, using either synthetic chemicals or biological control agents (BCAs), is the main available management strategy. However, no products to control GTDs are currently registered in Canada.

Identification of Putative SDHI Target Site Mutations in the SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD Subunits of the Grape Powdery Mildew Pathogen .

Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) are fungicides used in control of numerous fungal plant pathogens, including , the causal agent of grapevine powdery mildew (GPM). Here, the , , and genes of were screened for mutations that may be associated with SDHI resistance. GPM samples were collected from 2017 to 2020 from the U.

Olive Twig and Branch Dieback in California Caused by and the Newly Described Species sp. nov.

Field surveys conducted throughout California olive-growing regions in 2008 and 2009 resulted in a collection of 101 -like isolates from olive twig and branch dieback symptoms. isolates were isolated from multiple cvs. in different olive orchards in Fresno, Madera, Merced, Napa, Riverside, Santa Barbara, Sonoma, Tulare, and Ventura counties.

Comparative genomic analysis of Erwinia amylovora reveals novel insights in phylogenetic arrangement, plasmid diversity, and streptomycin resistance.

Erwinia amylovora is a destructive pathogen of Rosaceous plants and an economic concern worldwide. Herein, we report 93 new E. amylovora genomes from North America, Europe, the Mediterranean, and New Zealand.

Managing Grapevine Trunk Diseases With Respect to Etiology and Epidemiology: Current Strategies and Future Prospects.

Fungal trunk diseases are some of the most destructive diseases of grapevine in all grape growing areas of the world. Management of GTDs has been intensively studied for decades with some great advances made in our understanding of the causal pathogens, their epidemiology, impact, and control. However, due to the breadth and complexity of the problem, no single effective control measure has been developed.

Molecular Methods to Detect and Quantify Botryosphaeriaceae Inocula Associated With Grapevine Dieback in Australia.

Botryosphaeria dieback, caused by species of Botryosphaeriaceae, is an important grapevine trunk disease in Australia. Inocula produced by the pathogens are primarily dispersed by rain splash and wind and infect pruning wounds leading to cankers, dieback, and eventually death of vines. The objective of this study was to develop molecular tools to detect and quantify Botryosphaeriaceae inocula from the environment.