Vitrectomy for bilateral macular schisis without apparent optic disc anomalies.

A 78-year-old man complained of bilateral visual acuity loss. Optical coherence tomography examination showed bilateral macular schisis with fluid accumulation in the external retinal layers without vitreous traction. Fundus examination and fluorescein angiography were normal in both eyes.

Future Perspectives: Agents on the Horizon.

As demonstrated in the previous chapters of this textbook, retinal pharmacotherapeutics is a rapidly developing area. The enormous burden of disease in an aging population will hopefully be met by significant improvements in our understanding and treatment of disease processes such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy. This chapter will provide perspectives on select anti-angiogenic drugs currently in development, as well as therapies directed against the complement cascade for the treatment of AMD, and an anti-inflammatory monoclonal antibody for the treatment of diabetic macular edema, among others, that have not been discussed elsewhere in this book.

Structural Characteristics of Retinal Layers Adjacent to Geographic Atrophy.

Background And Objective: To compare the anatomy of different retinal layers adjacent to areas of geographic atrophy (GA) to those of eyes with no known ocular diseases.

Patients And Methods: Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans from eyes with GA were retrospectively reviewed. Two scans with no findings suggestive of GA changes on OCT were selected from immediately above and/or below the edge of the lesions.

Emerging therapies for noninfectious uveitis: what may be coming to the clinics.

Corticosteroids along with other immunomodulatory therapies remain as the mainstay of treatment tor all patients with noninfectious uveitis (NIU). However, the systemic side effects associated with the long-term use of these drugs has encouraged the development of new therapeutic agents in recent times. This review article discusses upcoming therapeutic agents and drug delivery systems that are currently being used to treat patients with NIU.

Diabetic retinopathy screening by general practitioners using non-mydriatic retinography.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of visual loss in people aged 30 to 69 years. Most authorities recommend screening of the ocular fundus to prevent severe visual loss. The increasing incidence of diabetes mellitus and fewer ophthalmologists in many countries is leading to inadequate screening.

Differential induction of apoptosis and necrosis in monocytes from patients with tuberculosis and healthy control subjects.

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis and purified protein derivative (PPD) induce apoptosis in murine macrophages and apoptosis and necrosis in human monocytes and alveolar epithelial cells. Macrophages from bronchoalveolar lavages and granulomas from patients with tuberculosis (TB) present both types of cell death; however, the significance of the type of cell death in TB remains uncertain.

Methods: Monocytes from PPD-positive control subjects and from patients with TB were exposed to PPD or M.