Pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts lymph node metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: The purpose of the study was to investigate the value of pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a prognostic marker in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and to see its bearing on the clinical and pathological stage of the disease.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of cases of TNBC treated at our center from 2006 to 2013. The pretreatment complete blood count was recorded from which the NLR was calculated as the percentage of neutrophils divided by the percentage of lymphocytes.

Case of Carcinoma Breast with Unusually Large Tumor Thrombus in Superior Vena Cava Detected on F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography Scan.

A 60-year-old female with triple negative breast cancer, postsurgery, neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, on follow-up had facial puffiness and giddiness. F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) done for suspected recurrence evaluation revealed a large tumor thrombus (TT) in superior vena cava (SVC) with radiological evidence of SVC obstruction. F-FDG PET/CT also showed evidence of FDG avid brain metastases, lymph nodal metastases, and metastatic soft tissue deposits.

Prevention of thromboembolic complication in atrial fibrillation by using anticoagulants.

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation is the most common type of arrhythmia in adults. Atrial fibrillation occurs as paroxysms or may become established as permanent condition. Patients with atrial fibrillation are at increased risk for thromboembolic disease.

Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to the temporoparietal junction for tinnitus: four-week stimulation trial.

Importance: This research examines the impact of 4 weeks of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) stimulation to the temporoparietal junction and compares the results of this longer duration of treatment with a similar stimulus protocol of only 2 weeks' duration.

Objective: To examine the effectiveness and safety of 4 weeks of low-frequency rTMS to the left temporoparietal junction in a cohort of patients with bothersome tinnitus.

Design: Crossover, double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Neural correlates of weight gain with olanzapine.

CONTEXT Iatrogenic obesity caused by atypical antipsychotics increases the rate of death from all causes. Olanzapine is a commonly prescribed atypical antipsychotic medication that frequently causes weight gain. To our knowledge, the neural correlates of this weight gain have not been adequately studied in humans.

Late life depression with cognitive impairment: evaluation and treatment.

Older adults with depression often present with signs and symptoms indicative of functional or cognitive impairment. These somatic symptoms make evaluating and treating depression in older adults more complex. Late life depression (LLD), depression in adults over the age of 65, is more frequently associated with cognitive changes.

Antidepressant treatment normalizes hypoactivity in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during emotional interference processing in major depression.

Background: Major depression (MDD) is characterized by altered emotion processing and deficits in cognitive control. In cognitive interference tasks, patients with MDD have shown excessive amygdala activity and under-recruitment of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of antidepressant treatment on anomalous neural activity in cognitive-control and emotion-processing circuitry.

Altered emotional interference processing in affective and cognitive-control brain circuitry in major depression.

Background: Major depression is characterized by a negativity bias: an enhanced responsiveness to, and memory for, affectively negative stimuli. However, it is not yet clear whether this bias represents 1) impaired top-down cognitive control over affective responses, potentially linked to deficits in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex function; or 2) enhanced bottom-up responses to affectively laden stimuli that dysregulate cognitive control mechanisms, potentially linked to deficits in amygdala and anterior cingulate function.

Methods: We used an attentional interference task using emotional distracters to test for top-down versus bottom-up dysfunction in the interaction of cognitive-control circuitry and emotion-processing circuitry.

Antidepressant efficacy of olanzapine as monotherapy in major depressive disorder, without psychosis: a pilot study.

In this pilot study we assessed the efficacy of olanzapine as monotherapy in the treatment of major depressive disorder, without psychosis. We also demonstrated the in vivo 5-HT2A receptor occupancy of olanzapine using positron emission tomography. An open-label prospective 6-week study design with 14 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study were enrolled from the general community of the St.

3beta -hydroxypregnane steroids are pregnenolone sulfate-like GABA(A) receptor antagonists.

Endogenous neurosteroids have rapid actions on ion channels, particularly GABA(A) receptors, which are potentiated by nanomolar concentrations of 3alpha-hydroxypregnane neurosteroids. Previous evidence suggests that 3beta-hydroxypregnane steroids may competitively antagonize potentiation induced by their 3alpha diastereomers. Because of the potential importance of antagonists as experimental and clinical tools, we characterized the functional effect of 3beta-hydroxysteroids.