COVID-19 Pandemic: From Population Need to Professional Nursing Competence.

Nursing has proven to be an essential healthcare profession, especially in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. In this chapter, it shows the essential aspects of the discipline of care and its application in the face of the pandemic from an Informatics Nursing approach. The conceptual bases include the conception of care and its historical evolution.

Validation of the Health Index in the Postoperative Period: Use of the Nursing Outcome Classification to Determine the Health Level.

Background: The postoperative period is the recovery time after surgery and is defined as an individual process whose purpose is to return the person to the state of normality and integrity that they had prior to surgery.

Aim: Demonstrate the modification of the level of health of people in the early postoperative period through the development and validation of the Health Index Instrument, which is built from the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) standardized language.

Design: The design used a mixed method, which involved a first phase of instrument development and a second phase of instrument validation.

Deductive Care Methodology: Describing and testing modes of care research.

Objective: Define the modes of procedure of the Deductive Care Methodology (DCM) in the generation of knowledge about person's health care.

Methodology: Design and test of the DCM modes based on three phases: mapping of the DCM, generation of models from this methodology and testing of the models through studies in a clinical context.

Results: The DCM presents five levels of abstraction with three modes broken down to 16 types.

Competencies in the Robotics of Care for Nursing Robotics: A Scoping Review.

In parallel with the development and design of different technological advances, competencies in nursing have advanced. With the development of robotics, it is expected that nursing robotic competencies will also increase. The aim of this study is to review the competencies in nursing robotics.

Active and Healthy Confinement: Care Recommendations on Activity, Sleep and Relationships.

Persons that lived through periods of confinement suffered an impact on their physical and mental health. The adaptation of the lifestyle in relation to activity, sleep and social relationships is key to facing these periods of confinement. The aim is to validate a series of care recommendations aimed at being able to maintain an active and healthy confinement, which serves to prepare the population for future health crises.

Care Robotics: An Assessment of Professional Perception in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 crisis accelerated the adoption of technologies. Technological advancement is also expected in robotics applied to any sector, including in healthcare. The aim is to assess the professional perception of care robotics facing COVID-19.

Competence in Spiritual and Emotional Care: Learning Outcomes for the Evaluation of Nursing Students.

Spiritual and emotional care is an important part of the person, especially in situations such as changes in health or a community coping with a pandemic. However, nurses report scarce university training in this area of care. The aim of the study is to define a catalogue of learning outcomes for spiritual and emotional care for undergraduate nurses.

Care Recommendations for the Chronic Risk of COVID-19: Nursing Intervention for Behaviour Changes.

The COVID-19 pandemic is a challenge for health systems. The absence of prior evidence makes it difficult to disseminate consensual care recommendations. However, lifestyle adaptation is key to controlling the pandemic.

Validation and reliability of the Care Vulnerability Index: A study by interrater agreement and test-retest method.

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the validity and reliability of the Care Vulnerability Index (CVI) as a tool to estimate the need and competence of care.

Design: A cross-sectional survey including a longitudinal component.

Methods: Content validity ratio (CVR) was calculated by interrater agreement of a group of 11 experts in two rounds.

Usability Evaluation by Nurses of a Knowledge-Based System of Care Plans for People Hospitalized by COVID-19.

The aim of this study is to analyze the usability by nurses of the Knowledge-Based System "Diagnostics care for COVID-19." A convenience sample of 16 nurses was selected, among hospital workers and external experts. The group was divided into three subgroups intentionally to obtain different usability perspectives.

Validation of a manual of care plans for people hospitalized with COVID-19.

Aim: Validate a manual of care plans for people hospitalized for coronavirus disease, COVID-19.

Design: Validation study with a mixed-method design.

Methods: Design and validation of a care plans manual for people hospitalized by COVID-19.

Taxonomic Triangulation of Care in Healthcare Protocols: Mapping of Diagnostic Knowledge From Standardized Language.

Taxonomic triangulation is a data mining technique for the management of care knowledge. This technique uses standardized languages, such as North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International, Nursing Outcomes Classification, and Nursing Interventions Classification, as well as logic. Its purpose is to find patterns in the data and identify care diagnoses.

Diagnostics of care about environment: A systematic review through nursing taxonomies.

Aim: To analyse the representation of the environment in nursing diagnostic taxonomies.

Design: Systematic scoping review through nursing taxonomies.

Methods: The first phase identified nursing diagnostic taxonomies by systematic review.

Nursing Diagnoses for Coronavirus Disease, COVID-19: Identification by Taxonomic Triangulation.

Purpose: To identify the nursing care problems related to the clinical process of disease by COVID-19.

Method: The study applied the taxonomic triangulation technique on a clinical management guide to coronavirus disease, COVID-19, from the World Health Organization. The technique is divided into the phases: extraction of knowledge in natural language about assessment, planning and intervention, translation into standard language NOC and NIC, linking to NANDA-I diagnoses, triangulation looking for diagnostic matches in the three sets, and, finally, validation by a panel of experts from a hospital and a university.

Validation of an evaluation instrument for responders in tactical casualty care simulations.

Objective: to construct and validate a tool for the evaluation of responders in tactical casualty care simulations.

Method: three rubrics for the application of a tourniquet, an emergency bandage and haemostatic agents recommended by the Hartford Consensus were developed and validated. Validity and reliability were studied.

Algorithm Formalization for Decision Making in Influenza Vaccination.

Influenza is an important public health problem with consequences on the health of people, but also at the state level with social and health costs due to the morbidity and mortality produced. Vaccination is an act of care of high clinical complexity, which can be learned and trained, so that decision-making in vaccination requires elements of judgment that act logically in a cascade. The creation of algorithms and their implementation in computer systems will identify susceptible people more quickly and improve the competence in the administration of vaccines.

The value of nursing care in the paradigm of chronicity and dependency. New roles and redesigns.

The future of Healthcare Systems not only faces financial troubles, but also--perhaps worse, the need to redesign its service offers. It is necessary to work for all the knowledge available to be placed at the service of patients and society, generating much more efficient services and opening to a redesign where nurses lead in new services supported on the strategy of effective care. Additionally, it is hoped that patients assume a responsibility and nurses another: that of accompanying patients during their disease process to become for them a support in their self-care efforts.