Mitoxantrone Versus Liposomal Daunorubicin in Induction of Pediatric AML With Risk Stratification Based on Flow Cytometry Measurement of Residual Disease.

Purpose: Measurable residual disease (MRD) by using flow cytometry after induction therapy is strongly prognostic in pediatric AML, and hematopoietic stem-cell transplant (hSCT) may counteract a poor response. We designed a phase III study with intensified response-guided induction and MRD-based risk stratification and treated poor induction response with hSCT. The efficacy of liposomal daunorubicin (DNX) in induction was compared with mitoxantrone.

Use of Eculizumab in Pediatric Patients with High-Risk Transplantation-Associated Thrombotic Microangiopathy: Outcomes and Risk Factors Associated with Response and Survival. A Retrospective Study on Behalf of the Spanish Group for Hematopoietic Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (GETH-TC).

Transplantation-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although survival has improved significantly with the introduction of eculizumab, the need for improvement remains, especially in high-risk patients. This study aimed to describe the results obtained with eculizumab in a pediatric cohort with the attempt to define which risk factors could determine the response to treatment.

Treosulfan-Based Conditioning Regimen In Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Retrospective Analysis on Behalf of the Spanish Group for Hematopoietic Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (GETH-TC).

Increasing data on treosulfan-based conditioning regimens before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) demonstrate the consistent benefits of this approach, particularly regarding acute toxicity. This study aimed to describe the results of treosulfan-based conditioning regimens in children, focusing on toxicity and outcomes when used to treat both malignant and nonmalignant diseases. This retrospective observational study of pediatric patients treated in Spain with treosulfan-based conditioning regimens before HSCT was based on data collection from electronic clinical records.

Supportive care in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia:Expert-based recommendations of the NOPHO-DB-SHIP consortium.

Introduction: Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the second most common type of pediatric leukemia. Patients with AML are at high risk for several complications such as infections, typhlitis, and acute and long-term cardiotoxicity. Despite this knowledge, there are no definite supportive care guidelines as to what the best approach is to manage or prevent these complications.

Role of extracorporeal photopheresis in the management of children with graft-vs-host disease.

Introduction: Graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in allogeneic stem cell transplants. Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is one of the most accepted second-line treatments, but technical issues of ECP in children might be prohibitive.

Materials And Methods: Patients under 18 y of age with corticodependant or corticorefractory GVHD receiving ECP at our hospital were included in this retrospective study.

Outcomes of Unmanipulated Haploidentical Transplantation Using Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) in Pediatric Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

HLA-haploidentical transplantation (haplo-HCT) using post-transplantation-cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) is a feasible procedure in children with malignancies. However, large studies on Haplo-HCT with PT-Cy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are lacking. We analyzed haplo-HCT outcomes in 180 children with ALL.

Haploidentical transplantation in high-risk pediatric leukemia: A retrospective comparative analysis on behalf of the Spanish working Group for bone marrow transplantation in children (GETMON) and the Spanish Grupo for hematopoietic transplantation (GETH).

A total of 192 pediatric patients, median age 8.6 years, with high-risk hematological malignancies, underwent haploidentical stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) using post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy), or ex vivo T cell-depleted (TCD) graft platforms, from January 1999 to December 2016 in 10 centers in Spain. Some 41 patients received an unmanipulated graft followed by PT-Cy for graft-vs-host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis.

BK Virus-Associated Hemorrhagic Cystitis After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in the Pediatric Population.

Objective: To study the incidence, risk factors, and treatment of hemorrhagic cystitis secondary to BK-virus reactivation (HC-BKV) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in the pediatric population.

Methods: Case-control study in which all pediatric patients (0-18 years) who underwent allo-HSCT from September 2009 to January 2014 were followed.

Results: Twenty-nine patients underwent an allo-HSCT.

Treatment of invasive fungal infections in high risk hematological patients. The outcome with liposomal amphotericin B is not negatively affected by prior administration of mold-active azoles.

There are concerns of a reduced effect of liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) given sequentially after mold-active azoles due to a possible antagonism in their antifungal mechanism. To investigate this possible effect in the clinic, we retrospectively studied 182 high risk hematologic patients with invasive fungal infections (IFI) who were treated with L-AmB. Overall, 96 patients (52.

Institutional experience with clofarabine and cytarabine in relapsed pediatric acute myeloid leukemia.

Cytarabine (1000 mg/m/d intravenous for 5 d) and clofarabine (40 mg/m/d intravenous for 5 d) were given every 28 days to 9 children with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia at our institution. Among 19 courses, there were 18 infectious episodes. Median hospitalization time was 13 days (7.