Diagnostic Markers of Severe COVID-19 and Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children From Southern India.

COVID-19 severely impacts children in India, with many developing severe pneumonia or multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). Concurrently, non-COVID-19 respiratory viruses causing community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) have resurged. These conditions present similarly, challenging accurate diagnosis.

Changes in Availability and Affordability on the University Food Environment: The Potential Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the eating habits of the general population, among other reasons, because it has affected access to commercial establishments since some of them closed. This study aimed to describe potential changes that occurred between 2019 and 2022 in the availability and affordability of food and beverages in the food environment of a Brazilian public university.

Methods: Cross-sectional and descriptive study conducted at a public university located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Development and Validation of a Novel Tool to Measure Medication Adherence for Noncommunicable Diseases in India: Protocol for an Exploratory Sequential Mixed Methods Multicentric Study.

Background: In high-income countries, only 50% of patients treated for chronic diseases adhere to the prescribed treatment. This issue is even more pronounced in resource-limited countries. Medication adherence scales are simple, low-cost approaches to identify nonadherence in clinical practice.

Evaluation of Quality of Life After Use the Virtual Reality in Patients with Neurodegenerative Disease.

 Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative diseases.  To evaluate the living standard of patients with SCA, by applying the Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living Scale (VADL) and Activitiesspecific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) questionnaires.  An uncontrolled clinical trial study was conducted with 28 patients who underwent anamnesis, ENT evaluation, and vestibular assessment and the application of questionnaires VADL and ABC before and after rehabilitation with virtual reality.

Standardized clinical evaluation of dry anophthalmic socket syndrome in a real-world approach.

Purpose: To assess which signs and eye prosthesis care habits are related to subjective discomfort in patients with dry anophthalmic socket syndrome (DASS), using standardized tools from daily practice.

Methods: 62 anophthalmic sockets were compared with their healthy fellow eye using the Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) score. The correlations between SPEED questionnaire and the prosthesis care, discharge characteristics score, conjunctival inflammation score, meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) scores and Schirmer I test were studied.

Exploring Factors Enabling Hearing Aid Usage: Perspectives of Hearing Aid Users and Audiologists.

Unlabelled: Background of the Research: Higher prevalence of hearing loss is reported among older adults. Hearing aids have been proven to be a viable option to reduce the burden associated with hearing impairment. Despite these positive aspects, there is no increase seen in hearing aid adoption or usage among individuals with hearing impairment.

Strategies of Hearing Preservation With Military Personnel: A Scoping Review.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to map the strategies used in hearing health education with military personnel during the Hearing Preservation Program (HPP).

Method: This study is a scoping review, with electronic searches conducted in online databases and gray literature: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, ASHAWire, Google Scholar, and ProQuest Dissertation & Theses. Only studies describing, analyzing, or evaluating the application of the HPP to active duty or training military personnel were included.

Relationship Between Chloroquine or Hydroxychloroquine Use and Hearing Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Objectives: Chloroquine and its analog hydroxychloroquine are derivatives of 4-aminoquinoline and are regularly used in the treatment of malaria and autoimmune diseases. Among the side effects of these drugs, alterations associated with the auditory system are frequently mentioned. Thus, the aim of this systematic review is to systematically review publications on hearing disorders and chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine use.

Assessing Medical Students' Preferences for Rural Internships Using a Discrete Choice Experiment: A Case Study of Medical Students in a Public University in the Western Cape.

As new graduates are crucial in providing healthcare services in rural areas, this study aimed to identify and describe the rural facility attributes that attract medical students to apply for rural internships. A literature review and focus groups informed a discrete choice experiment conducted amongst graduating medical students at one public university in South Africa. One main effect using a mixed logit model and another main effect plus interaction model was estimated.

The Self-Stigma of Hearing Loss in Adults and Older Adults: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: Previous studies have demonstrated that individuals with hearing loss can internalize social stigmas, resulting in several self-perceived negative connotations, such as incompetence, cognitive impairment, and social disability. This systematic review aimed to investigate the impact of the social stigma associated with hearing loss on the self-stigma experienced by adults and older adults.

Design: Combinations of words and appropriate truncations were selected and adjusted specifically for each electronic database.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sleep quality of students: A meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Objective: The present systematic review aims to assess the impact of the COVID19 pandemic on the sleep quality of students.

Methods: An electronic search was performed in the databases and in gray literature for articles published up to January 2022. The results included observational studies that assessed sleep quality through validated questionnaires, comparing moments pre and postCOVID19 pandemic.

Considerations for bioaccumulation studies in fish with nanomaterials.

Nanomaterials (NMs) pose challenges in performing bioaccumulation studies in fish and in regulatory interpretation of results. Therefore, a clear guidance is needed to obtain reliable, reproducible and comparable results. By analysing all the available literature, we aim in this manuscript to identify the critical aspects that should be addressed in these type of studies.

Salivary Cortisol and Sustained Auditory Attention in Children with and without Cleft Lip and Palate.

 Cortisol is a hormone involved in the response to stress. Attention is a function that can change due to exposure to stress.  To verify the correlation between the level of salivary cortisol and sustained auditory attention in children with cleft lip and palate, as well as to compare the results of the variables analyzed between female and male patients.

The third international hackathon for applying insights into large-scale genomic composition to use cases in a wide range of organisms.

In October 2021, 59 scientists from 14 countries and 13 U.S. states collaborated virtually in the Third Annual Baylor College of Medicine & DNANexus Structural Variation hackathon.

Temporary and Permanent Auditory Effects Associated with Occupational Coexposure to Low Levels of Noise and Solvents.

This study aimed to assess temporary and permanent auditory effects associated with occupational coexposure to low levels of noise and solvents. Cross-sectional study with 25 printing industry workers simultaneously exposed to low noise (<80 dBA TWA) and low levels of solvents. The control group consisted of 29 industry workers without the selected exposures.

Preliminary Study of the Applicability of Software in the Investigation of Sustained Auditory Attention.

 The use of auditory behavioral tests, which specifically assess sustained attention, is necessary, due to its relationship with learning, language production, cognitive development and school performance.  To evaluate how children performed using software developed to investigate the ability of sustained auditory attention, and to compare the scores obtained in this format with those of the original, non-computerized test.  This cross-sectional study included 52 children of both genders, aged 6 to 11 years, with normal hearing and no history of complaints regarding inattention and/or hyperactivity.

Hearing impairment among workers and satisfaction with the use of hearing aids.

Background: Hearing problems can have adverse effects on an individual's job performance, as well as on unemployment or underemployment and increased risk of stress-related sick leave.

Objective: To investigate hearing impairment among workers and satisfaction with the use of hearing aids.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with workers who are hearing aid users.

Active Symptom-Based Surveillance of Adverse Events Following Immunization Among Individuals Vaccinated with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Coronavirus Vaccine in a Tertiary Hospital of Kerala.

Background: The reports on adverse experiences following vaccination are scanty from India. It is important to know the real-world post-vaccination experience outside of clinical trial conditions.

Objectives: The study aims to estimate the incidence of adverse events following immunization with the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 coronavirus vaccine and to identify the predictors for the development of vaccine adverse events.

Prevalence and risk factors associated with latent tuberculosis infection among household contacts of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in South India.

Objective: We aimed to determine the prevalence and find the risk factors associated with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among the household contacts (HHC) of pulmonary TB patients.

Methods: This cohort study was conducted from 2014 to 2019. Pretested standardised questionnaires and tools were used for data collection.