Latin America trauma systems-Mexico and Brazil.

In this brief review, the authors describe the main characteristics of trauma systems in Latin America's 2 most populous countries, Mexico and Brazil. Trauma is a common health problem and the major cause of death in the young populations in both countries. Mexico and Brazil have well-organized systems based on system designation and prehospital triage.

OUTCOME OF NON-SURGICAL TREATMENT OF MALLET FINGER.

Objective: To establish the association between initial and residual angulation of the distal interphalangeal joint (DIJ) in mallet finger treated conservatively.

Methods: An observational, prospective, descriptive and analytical research developed with uncomplicated closed mallet finger patients between January and December 2017. A total of two measurements of the DIJ were done, at the initial trauma and 6 weeks after conservative treatment.

Spinal Gunshot Wounds: Pattern and Associated Lesions in Civilians.

Study Design: Retrospective, descriptive case series study.

Purpose: To investigate the frequency, bone pattern, and associated lesions to the spine of gunshot wounds.

Overview Of Literature: Gunshot wounds are penetrating in nature and are caused by a bullet or projectile.

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH COMPLEX REGIONAL PAIN SYNDROME IN SURGICALLY TREATED DISTAL RADIUS FRACTURE.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with developing complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) after surgical treatment for distal radius fracture (DRF).

Methods: This case-control study analyzed patients seen from January 2014 to January 2016. Results: In our sample of 249 patients, 4% developed CRPS.

Risk factors for amputation in periprosthetic knee infection.

Treatment for prosthetic knee replacement is becoming more common. Infection is an arthroplasty-related complication leading to prolonged hospitalization, multiple surgical procedures, permanent loss of the implant, impaired function, impaired quality of life and even amputation of the limb. Previous studies have evaluated the risk factors associated with periprosthetic knee infection, but scarce information related to risk factors associated with amputation in this group of patients is available.

[Evidence and recommendation of empirical antimicrobial treatment in pyogenic spondylodiscitis: systematic review].

Background: Pyogenic spondylodiscitis is the infectious process that affects the vertebral body and the intervertebral disc. It has an incidence between 2 and 7%. To prescribe antibiotic treatment, it is required to identify the causative organism on the basis of the epidemiology of the etiologic agent, as well as the ability of the antibiotic to penetrate the bone tissue and the intervertebral disc.

[Sensitivity and antibiotic resistance in infections of the musculoskeletal system].

Background: Infections of the musculoskeletal system are a devastating complication for patients, due to it's long rehabilitation process and even sometimes the removal of the implant, the chronicity of infection, is often due to lack of coverage in empirical antibiotics.

Methods: A retrospective, observational, descriptive cohort study was performed. All cultures form musculoskeletal system infected patients reported of sensitivity and resistance of germs isolated were analyzed.

[Mixed knee arthrodesis a rescue alternative in knee periprosthetic joint infection].

Background: Knee arthrodesis is a rescue procedure for patients with knee periprosthetic joint infection who are not candidates for a revision surgery. The actual methods present a high complication rate with only moderate efectivity.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 17 cases, of patients with knee periprosthetic joint infection and bone loss treated by intramedular expandable nail and monoplanar external fixator with a mínimum evolution of 1 year, evaluating the medical records and digitalized X-rays by 2 sub specialized doctors in osteoarticular rescue surgery.