Multilocular cystic nephroma: A clinical case.

Objective: To describe the clinical presentation, preoperative diagnostic possibilities, and treatment of cystic nephroma.

Methods: We describe a case of cystic nephroma in an adult male and show that, both in our patient and in the literature, a definitive diagnosis can only be obtained postoperatively, even when there is a reasonable clinical suspicion.

Conclusions: Cystic nephroma is rare, and some authors consider it a questionable entity.

Paraurethral leiomyoma.

Objective: To describe a case of para-urethral leiomyoma and to review the literature.

Methods: The usual preoperative diagnostic procedures and clinical manifestations are discussed.

Results: The mass was resected and, 6 years later, the patient remains asymptomatic and with no recurrence.

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder. 15-year retrospective analysis.

Objectives: Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are cancers found in the bronchopulmonary tract, where they were first described in 1926. The tumors are associated with poor prognosis due to their high metastatic potency even after radical treatments associated with other neo- or adjuvant therapies. NET of the urinary bladder is a rare tumor and accounts for 0.

46,XX T testicular disorder of sex development. Case report.

Objective: We present a case of X-Y translocation with male phenotype (46,XX testicular disorder of sex development) and review the literature.

Methods: Disorders of sex development with mismatch of genetic, gonadal and phenotypic sex are quite rare, and some are due to genetic or chromosomal abnormalities. The karyotype was investigated by a cytogenetic study of peripheral blood (phytohemagglutinin-timulated lymphocyte culture over 72 hours).

Tumor inside an inguinoscrotal bladder hernia.

Objective: To describe two cases of urothelial tumors in inguinoscrotal bladder hernias and comment on the low incidence of this condition.

Methods: Two patients were diagnosed and treated by partial cystectomy and hernia repair.

Results: The clinical outcome of both patients was good at two and three years, respectively, and neither patient experienced hernia or tumor recurrence.

[Spermatic cord sarcomas: current status and report of four cases].

Objective: To study and review spermatic cord sarcomas, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.

Methods/results: We review the Spanish and international literature and report 4 new cases: 2 patients with well-differentiated spermatic cord liposarcomas (1 treated by simple tumorectomy), 1 patient with liposarcomatous degeneration of a previously excised atypical lipoma, and 1 patient operated for a malignant retroperitoneal fibrous histiocytoma with subsequent local recurrence in the paratesticular region.

Conclusions: Spermatic cord sarcomas are rare entities that usually appear as painless paratesticular mass.

[Renal hematomas after extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL)].

Introduction: The use of fragmentation due to shock- waves as a treatment of urinary stone was one of the most important therapeutics findings in the history of urology. It's the first election treatment for most of the calculus at renal and urethral location due to the fact that it is a low invasive treatment and it has a few number of complications, but this method also has a few negative side effects, it can caused a more or less important traumatic lesion at the organs which crosses the shock-waves, including the kidney where it can caused a small contusion or renal hematoma with different resolution and treatment.

Material And Method: We reviewed 4815 extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy that we performed in our department in which we found six cases with subcapsular and perirenal hematoma which we followed up and treated.

[Current status of the diagnosis and treatment of Leydig cell testicular tumor. Report of two cases].

Objectives: To review the current diagnosis and treatment of Leydig cell testicular tumors, with special attention to conservative treatment.

Methods: We report two cases of Leydig cell tumor in young adults, diagnosed two years after the appearance of bilateral gynecomastia as first clinical symptom.

Results: One year and eight months after orchyectomy, respectively, clinical symptoms completely disappear in the first case and significantly improved in the second.

[Prognostic-factor-related survival in a series of patients with renal cell carcinoma].

Objectives: To analyze the survival rate in a series of patients with the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma over a 19 year period based on prognostic factors usually employed in clinical practice.

Methods: Retrospective study of 259 consecutive patients with the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma undergoing surgery in our department between 1988 and 2006. From clinical, pathological, and follow-up data we performed a survival study comparing the impact of usual prognostic factors: stage, tumor size, nuclear grade, etc.

[Late lymph node metastasis in renal cell carcinoma. Case report].

Objective: To report one case of late metastasis of a clear cell carcinoma treated by radical surgery.

Methods/results: Patient with history of radical nephrectomy and lymphadenectomy six years before presenting with regional lymph node metastasis in a followup diagnostic test. After treatment with immunotherapy, stopped because of intolerance, surgery of the metastatic lymph node mass was decided.

Isolated testicular polyarteritis nodosa.

Isolated polyarteritis nodosa is a rare condition that may be triggered by local exposure to certain agents capable of provoking local immunostimulation without a systemic immune reaction. Isolated polyarteritis nodosa in the testes presents similar histologic characteristics as those of systemic inflammation, although infarcted areas in the testis are more common in generalized polyarteritis nodosa. Definitive diagnosis requires histologic study.

Update on the diagnosis and treatment of bladder endometriosis.

Bladder endometriosis is rare, although the bladder is the urinary tract structure most often affected by this condition. The common clinical manifestations of bladder endometriosis include menouria and urethral and pelvic pain syndrome occurring cyclically. Imaging methods are not conclusive for the definitive diagnosis.

[Bladder endometriosis. Report of two cases and bibliographic review, with special focus on Spanish articles].

Objectives: To study and review the etiopathogenic hypothesis for endometriosis and the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of bladder endometriosis.

Methods/results: We report two cases and review the international bibliography, collecting the cases published by Spanish authors.

Conclusions: Bladder endometriosis is a rare pathological entity, but its diagnosis should be considered in fertile women with urinary tract symptoms during menstruation.

Paraganglioma of the bladder: controversy regarding treatment.

Paragangliomas or extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas account for approximately 15% of all pheochromocytomas. They are usually found in an intradiaphragmatic location. Paragangliomas of the urinary bladder are infrequent and represent 6% of the paragangliomas and 0.

[Penile incarceration by a steel ring].

Objectives: To report a new case of penile incarceration by a metallic object.

Methods: 28-year-old male presenting to the emergency room with a ring at the medial part of the penis that he was unable to remove. The ring was placed 16 hours before.

[Large retroperitoneal malignant fibrohistiocytoma: report of one case].

Objectives: To report one case of a large retroperitoneal malignant fibrohistiocytoma.

Methods/results: 40-year-old female with the diagnosis of a large right retroperitoneal mass after a study for right flank pain and weight loss over several months. Surgery was performed with excision of a large tumor; the pathologic diagnosis was malignant fibrohistiocytoma.