Preparation of calcium-based phosphate adsorbent and mineral-rich humic acid fertilizer from biomass ash and bamboo by hydrothermal-pyrolysis: Performance and mechanism.

Biomass ash (BA) contains alkaline cations such as K, Ca, and Mg. Due to its high pH, direct application to the soil may result in soil salinization. Composting of BA with organic matter is an effective strategy, but the composting cycle is long and there is a large amount of insoluble residue in the product.

Dinor-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid conjugation with amino acids inhibits its phytohormone bioactivity in Marchantia polymorpha.

Jasmonates (JAs) are important phytohormones that regulate plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and developmental processes. Distinct JAs in different plant lineages activate a conserved signaling pathway that mediates these responses: dinor-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (dn-OPDA) isomers in bryophytes and lycophytes, and JA-Ile in most vascular plants. In many cases, the final responses triggered by these phytohormones depend on the accumulation of specialized metabolites.

Interactions between Struvite and Humic Acid and Consequences on Fertilizer Efficiency in a Nonacidic Soil.

The effect of humic acid extracted from peat (AHt) on improving the struvite (STR) fertilizing efficiency is explored. To this end, a soil incubation study is correlated to plant assays comparing STR, STR-AHt, and superphosphate (SSP). Characterization techniques confirm the incorporation of the AHt into the STR.

GLABRA2 transcription factor integrates arsenic tolerance with epidermal cell fate determination.

Arsenic poses a global threat to living organisms, compromising crop security and yield. Limited understanding of the transcriptional network integrating arsenic-tolerance mechanisms with plant developmental responses hinders the development of strategies against this toxic metalloid. Here, we conducted a high-throughput yeast one-hybrid assay using as baits the promoter region from the arsenic-inducible genes ARQ1 and ASK18 from Arabidopsis thaliana, coupled with a transcriptomic analysis, to uncover novel transcriptional regulators of the arsenic response.

Jasmonate-insensitive mutant jar1b prevents petal elongation and flower opening coupling with parthenocarpic fruit development in Cucurbita pepo.

Jasmonates are growth regulators that play a key role in flower development, fruit ripening, root growth, and plant defence. The study explores the coordination of floral organ maturation to ensure proper flower opening for pollination and fertilization. A new mutant (jar1b) was discovered, lacking petal elongation and flower opening but showing normal pistil and stamen development, leading to parthenocarpic fruit development.

GLR-dependent calcium and electrical signals are not coupled to systemic, oxylipin-based wound-induced gene expression in Marchantia polymorpha.

In angiosperms, wound-derived signals travel through the vasculature to systemically activate defence responses throughout the plant. In Arabidopsis thaliana, activity of vasculature-specific Clade 3 glutamate receptor-like (GLR) channels is required for the transmission of electrical signals and cytosolic Ca ([Ca]) waves from wounded leaves to distal tissues, triggering activation of oxylipin-dependent defences. Whether nonvascular plants mount systemic responses upon wounding remains unknown.

Hydrolysis of riboflavins in root exudates under iron deficiency and alkaline stress.

Riboflavins are secreted under iron deficiency as a part of the iron acquisition Strategy I, mainly when the external pH is acidic. In plants growing under Fe-deficiency and alkaline conditions, riboflavins have been reported to accumulate inside the roots, with very low or negligible secretion. However, the fact that riboflavins may undergo hydrolysis under alkaline conditions has been so far disregarded.

Plant ammonium sensitivity is associated with external pH adaptation, repertoire of nitrogen transporters, and nitrogen requirement.

Modern crops exhibit diverse sensitivities to ammonium as the primary nitrogen source, influenced by environmental factors such as external pH and nutrient availability. Despite its significance, there is currently no systematic classification of plant species based on their ammonium sensitivity. We conducted a meta-analysis of 50 plant species and present a new classification method based on the comparison of fresh biomass obtained under ammonium and nitrate nutrition.

Differential effects of elevated CO on awn and glume metabolism in durum wheat ().

While the effect of CO2 enrichment on wheat (Triticum spp.) photosynthesis, nitrogen content or yield has been well-studied, the impact of elevated CO2 on metabolic pathways in organs other than leaves is poorly documented. In particular, glumes and awns, which may refix CO2 respired by developing grains and be naturally exposed to higher-than-ambient CO2 mole fraction, could show specific responses to elevated CO2 .

Supramolecular Arrangement of Lignosulfonate-Based Iron Heteromolecular Complexes and Consequences of Their Interaction with Ca at Alkaline pH and Fe Plant Root Uptake Mechanisms.

Previous studies have shown that natural heteromolecular complexes might be an alternative to synthetic chelates to correct iron (Fe) deficiency. To investigate the mechanism of action of these complexes, we have studied their interaction with Ca at alkaline pH, Fe-binding stability, Fe-root uptake in cucumber, and chemical structure using molecular modeling. The results show that a heteromolecular Fe complex including citric acid and lignosulfonate as binding ligands (Ls-Cit) forms a supramolecular system in solution with iron citrate interacting with the hydrophobic inner core of the lignosulfonate system.

MgO-mediated activation of active carbon as an affordable strategy to "in situ" degradation of lindane in contaminated soils.

The accumulation in soil landfills of toxic and persistent lindane, widely used as an insecticide, triggers the risk of leaching with the concomitant contamination of surrounding rivers. Thus, viable remediation to eliminate in situ high concentrations of lindane in soil and water becomes an urgent demand. In this line, a simple and cost-effective composite is proposed, including the use of industrial wastes.

Structure of the humic acid-like compounds of raw and hydrothermally treated sewage sludge.

Humic acids are of great interest in many fields; however, they are inhibitors of fermentative processes applied to hydrothermally treated sewage sludge. Hence, the structure and composition of soluble and bound humic acid-like fractions from raw and hydrothermally treated sewage sludge were studied. Lipid, polysaccharide, protein and aromatic fractions were identified, as well as a high nitrogen content (7-10 %) and low solubility in alkaline media.

Thermodynamic and spectroscopic data suggesting hypothetical humic fractions evolution on carbon cycle in soils.

Soil organic matter is considered by soil scientists as the interlayer that connect alive with mineral sides of the soil. In addition, microorganisms have in soil organic matter a source of carbon as well as a source of energy. We can observe a duality that can be analyzed from a biological, physicochemical, or even thermodynamic sense.

The molecular conformation, but not disaggregation, of humic acid in water solution plays a crucial role in promoting plant development in the natural environment.

Many studies have shown the capacity of soil humic substances (HS) to improve plant growth in natural ecosystems. This effect involves the activation of different processes within the plant at different coordinated molecular, biochemical, and physiological levels. However, the first event triggered by plant root-HS interaction remains unclear.

Dual Inoculation with and Improves Maize Tolerance to Combined Drought and High Temperature Stress by Enhancing Root Hydraulics, Photosynthesis and Hormonal Responses.

Climate change is leading to combined drought and high temperature stress in many areas, drastically reducing crop production, especially for high-water-consuming crops such as maize. This study aimed to determine how the co-inoculation of an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus () and the PGPR (Bm) alters the radial water movement and physiology in maize plants in order to cope with combined drought and high temperature stress. Thus, maize plants were kept uninoculated or inoculated with (AM), with (Bm) or with both microorganisms (AM + Bm) and subjected or not to combined drought and high temperature stress (D + T).

Evolution of the jasmonate ligands and their biosynthetic pathways.

Different plant species employ different jasmonates to activate a conserved signalling pathway in land plants, where (+)-7-iso-JA-Ile (JA-Ile) is the ligand for the COI1/JAZ receptor in angiosperms and dn-cis-OPDA, dn-iso-OPDA and Δ -dn-iso-OPDA act as ligands in Marchantia polymorpha. In addition, some jasmonates play a COI1-independent role. To understand the distribution of bioactive jasmonates in the green lineage and how their biosynthetic pathways evolved, we performed phylogenetic analyses and systematic jasmonates profiling in representative species from different lineages.

JAZ is essential for ligand specificity of the COI1/JAZ co-receptor.

Jasmonates are phytohormones that regulate defense and developmental processes in land plants. Despite the chemical diversity of jasmonate ligands in different plant lineages, they are all perceived by COI1/JAZ co-receptor complexes, in which the hormone acts as a molecular glue between the COI1 F-box and a JAZ repressor. It has been shown that COI1 determines ligand specificity based on the receptor crystal structure and the identification of a single COI1 residue, which is responsible for the evolutionary switch in ligand binding.

Cane Vinasses Contain Bioactive Concentrations of Auxin and Abscisic Acid in Their Composition.

Currently, high doses of vinasse are employed for the fertigation of sugarcane with positive results on yield. Usually, this effect is related to the presence of mineral nutrients in its composition as well as to its action on soil properties. Consequently, the concentrations of minerals, organic acids, and other metabolites in vinasse are very well characterized.

Using the Maize Nested Association Mapping (NAM) Population to Partition Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Effects on Drought Stress Tolerance into Hormonal and Hydraulic Components.

In this study, a first experiment was conducted with the objective of determining how drought stress alters the radial water flow and physiology in the whole maize nested association mapping (NAM) population and to find out which contrasting maize lines should be tested in a second experiment for their responses to drought in combination with an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus. Emphasis was placed on determining the role of plant aquaporins and phytohormones in the responses of these contrasting maize lines to cope with drought stress. Results showed that both plant aquaporins and hormones are altered by the AM symbiosis and are highly involved in the physiological responses of maize plants to drought stress.

Spatial control of potato tuberization by the TCP transcription factor BRANCHED1b.

The control of carbon allocation, storage and usage is critical for plant growth and development and is exploited for both crop food production and CO capture. Potato tubers are natural carbon reserves in the form of starch that have evolved to allow propagation and survival over winter. They form from stolons, below ground, where they are protected from adverse environmental conditions and animal foraging.