AI-driven remote sensing enhances Mediterranean seagrass monitoring and conservation to combat climate change and anthropogenic impacts.

Seagrasses are undergoing widespread loss due to anthropogenic pressure and climate change. Since 1960, the Mediterranean seascape lost 13-50% of the areal extent of its dominant and endemic seagrass-Posidonia oceanica, which regulates its ecosystem. Many conservation and restoration projects failed due to poor site selection and lack of long-term monitoring.

3D-Printing of Capsule Devices as Compartmentalization Tools for Supported Reagents in the Search of Antiproliferative Isatins.

The application of high throughput synthesis methodologies in the generation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) currently requires the use of automated and easily scalable systems, easy dispensing of supported reagents in solution phase organic synthesis (SPOS), and elimination of purification and extraction steps. The recyclability and recoverability of supported reagents and/or catalysts in a rapid and individualized manner is a challenge in the pharmaceutical industry. This objective can be achieved through a suitable compartmentalization of these pulverulent reagents in suitable devices for it.

Searching for the erosion of empathy in medical undergraduate students: a longitudinal study.

Objective: To analyse the trajectory of empathy throughout the degree programme of medicine in a Spanish school of medicine.

Design: Longitudinal, prospective 5-year study, between October 2014 and June 2019.

Setting: Students from a Spanish university of medicine.

Validation of the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy in Spanish medical students who participated in an Early Clerkship Immersion programme.

Background: The Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy is the most widely used instrument to measure empathy in the doctor-patient relationship. This work pursued cultural adaptation and validation of the original scale, in its health professions version (JSE-HP), for medical students who participate in an Early Clerkship Immersion Programme of a Spanish university.

Methods: The questionnaire was replied by 506 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 5th year medical students from Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, in 2014 and 2016.

Temperature Effects Explain Continental Scale Distribution of Cyanobacterial Toxins.

Insight into how environmental change determines the production and distribution of cyanobacterial toxins is necessary for risk assessment. Management guidelines currently focus on hepatotoxins (microcystins). Increasing attention is given to other classes, such as neurotoxins (e.

Amifampridine phosphate (Firdapse(®)) is effective and safe in a phase 3 clinical trial in LEMS.

Objective: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of amifampridine phosphate (Firdapse(®)) for symptomatic treatment in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS).

Methods: Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, study. Patients were treated initially with amifampridine phosphate for 7-91 days, followed by randomization to continue amifampridine phosphate for 14 days or placebo (7-day taper, 7-day placebo).

Aging is neither a failure nor an achievement of natural selection.

In contraposition to the view of aging as a stochastic time-dependent accumulation of damage, phenoptotic theories of aging postulate that senescence may provide supra-individual advantages, and therefore it might have been promoted by natural selection. We reason that although programmed aging theories are subjectively appealing because they convey a cure for aging, they also raise a number of objections that need to be dealt with, before we may be entitled to contemplate aging as an adaptive function evolved through natural selection. As an alternative view, we present metabolism as an endless source of by-products and errors causing cellular damage.

Aging is neither a Failure nor an Achievement of Natural Selection.

In contraposition to the view of aging as a stochastic time-dependent accumulation of damage, phenoptotic theories of aging postulate that senescence may provide supra-individual advantages, and therefore it might have been promoted by natural selection. We reason that although programmed aging theories are subjectively appealing because they convey a cure for aging, they also raise a number of objections that need to be dealt with, before we may be entitled to contemplate aging as an adaptive function evolved through natural selection. As an alternative view, we present metabolism as an endless source of by-products and errors causing cellular damage.

Rate of detection of advanced neoplasms in proximal colon by simulated sigmoidoscopy vs fecal immunochemical tests.

Background & Aims: We compared the ability of biennial fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) and one-time sigmoidoscopy to detect colon side-specific advanced neoplasms in a population-based, multicenter, nationwide, randomized controlled trial.

Methods: We identified asymptomatic men and women, 50-69 years old, through community health registries and randomly assigned them to groups that received a single colonoscopy examination or biennial FIT. Sigmoidoscopy yield was simulated from results obtained from the colonoscopy group, according to the criteria proposed in the UK Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Trial for colonoscopy referral.

Risk of advanced proximal neoplasms according to distal colorectal findings: comparison of sigmoidoscopy-based strategies.

Background: Screening for colorectal cancer with sigmoidoscopy benefits from the fact that distal findings predict the risk of advanced proximal neoplasms (APNs). This study was aimed at comparing the existing strategies of postsigmoidoscopy referral to colonoscopy in terms of accuracy and resources needed.

Methods: Asymptomatic individuals aged 50-69 years were eligible for a randomized controlled trial designed to compare colonoscopy and fecal immunochemical test.

Unimodal size scaling of phytoplankton growth and the size dependence of nutrient uptake and use.

Phytoplankton size structure is key for the ecology and biogeochemistry of pelagic ecosystems, but the relationship between cell size and maximum growth rate (μ(max) ) is not yet well understood. We used cultures of 22 species of marine phytoplankton from five phyla, ranging from 0.1 to 10(6) μm(3) in cell volume (V(cell) ), to determine experimentally the size dependence of growth, metabolic rate, elemental stoichiometry and nutrient uptake.

Supported p-toluenesulfonic acid as a highly robust and eco-friendly isocyanide scavenger.

We document here the use of polymer-supported p-toluenesulfonic acid as a highly effective, robust, economical and eco-friendly isocyanide scavenger. The herein described strategy circumvent the intense and repulsive odor of volatile isocyanides, enabling simplified and odorless workup and purifications. The usefulness of the new scavengers has been validated in a set of diverse isocyanide-based organic transformations and this approach is also amenable to parallel synthesis techniques.

Adherence to antiretroviral treatment in prisons.

The effectiveness of antiretroviral drugs is closely linked to the degree of adherence. The prison environment has specific characteristics that may affect adherence in HIV-positive patients, so that it may not be possible to extrapolate factors associated with nonadherence in HIV+ patients outside prison. The objective was to analyze the prevalence of nonadherence to antiretroviral treatment in three Spanish prisons, and to examine the relation between a large group of factors and nonadherence to the medication.

Carbocyclic analogues of nucleosides from bis-(Hydroxymethyl)-cyclopentane: synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic activities of adenosine, inosine and uridine analogues.

Six new carbocyclic nucleosides were prepared by constructing a purine base (in compounds 9-11) or pyrimidine base (in 6-8) on the amino groups of (+/-)-(1 beta,2 alpha,4 beta)-4-amino-1,2-cyclopentanedimethanol (4) and (+/-)-(1 beta,3 alpha,4 beta)-4-amino-1,3-cyclopentanedimethanol (5), and their activities against a variety of viruses and tumour cell lines were determined.

Serologic evidence of West Nile virus infection in horses, Yucatan State, Mexico.

Serum samples were obtained from 252 horses in the State of Yucatan, Mexico, from July to October 2002. Antibodies to West Nile virus were detected by epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in three (1.2%) horses and confirmed by plaque reduction neutralization test.