[Orbital emphysema: radiologic and ophthalmologic findings].

Orbital emphysema, or the presence of air in orbital tissues, is normally associated with an injury although it can arise when a Valsalva maneuver causes an increase in upper airway pressure. This potential complication of an orbital wall fracture, usually in the ethmoid bone, occurs in 50% of such cases. On fracture, air passes from the nasal fossa, sinuses, or subcutaneous tissue.

Role of color Doppler imaging in early diagnosis and prediction of progression in glaucoma.

This longitudinal and prospective study analyzes the ability of orbital blood flow measured by color Doppler imaging (CDI) to predict glaucoma progression in patients with glaucoma risk factors. Patients with normal perimetry but having glaucoma risk factors and patients in the initial phase of glaucoma were prospectively included in the study and divided, after a five-year follow-up, into two groups: "Progression" and "No Progression" based on the changes in the Moorfields regression analysis (MRA) classification of Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT). An orbital CDI was performed in all patients and the parameters obtained were correlated with changes in HRT.