Waste Refinery: The Valorization of Waste Plastics and End-of-Life Tires in Refinery Units. A Review.

This review collects a wide range of initiatives and results that expose the potential of the refineries to be converted into waste refineries. Thus, they will use their current units for the valorization of consumer society wastes (waste plastics and end-of-life tires in particular) that are manufactured with petroleum derivatives. The capacity, technological development, and versatility of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) and hydroprocessing units make them appropriate for achieving this goal.

Oil Production by Pyrolysis of Real Plastic Waste.

The aim of this paper is for the production of oils processed in refineries to come from the pyrolysis of real waste from the high plastic content rejected by the recycling industry of the Basque Country (Spain). Concretely, the rejected waste streams were collected from (1) a light packaging waste sorting plant, (2) the paper recycling industry, and (3) a waste treatment plant of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). The influence of pre-treatments (mechanical separation operations) and temperature on the yield and quality of the liquid fraction were evaluated.

Detailed nature of tire pyrolysis oil blended with light cycle oil and its hydroprocessed products using a NiW/HY catalyst.

The pyrolysis of scrap tires is a very attractive strategy to valorize chemically these end-of-life wastes. The products of this step and any additional one, such as hydrotreating, are relatively complex in nature entangling the understanding and limiting the viability. In this work, we have investigated in detail the composition of a tire pyrolysis oil blended with light cycle oil (from a refinery) and its hydrotreated products using a bifunctional NiW/HY catalyst at 320-400 °C.

Scrap tires pyrolysis oil as a co-feeding stream on the catalytic cracking of vacuum gasoil under fluid catalytic cracking conditions.

The co-feeding of scrap tires pyrolysis oil (STPO) on the catalytic cracking of vacuum gasoil (VGO) has been investigated with the aim of exploring the capacity of the refinery fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit to upgrade discarded tires at large-scale. The runs have been carried out in a CREC (Chemical Reactor Engineering Centre) riser simulator reactor that mimics the behavior of the industrial unit at the following conditions: 500-560 °C; catalyst/oil ratio, 3-7 g g; contact time, 6 s. Obtained results with the blend of 20 wt% STPO in VGO have been compared with those obtained in the cracking of the pure streams, i.

Fuel production by cracking of polyolefins pyrolysis waxes under fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) operating conditions.

The catalytic cracking of high-density polyethylene pyrolysis waxes under fluidized catalytic cracking conditions has been investigated with the aim of producing fuels at large-scale from waxes obtained in pyrolysis plants located nearby collection and segregation points. Additionally, preliminary information about the capacity of these units to valorize waste polyolefins has been obtained. The catalytic cracking runs have been performed in a riser simulator reactor under industrial conditions: 500-560 °C; catalyst to oil mass ratio, 3, 5 and 7 g g; and, contact time, 6 s.