Insecticide resistance is mediated by multiple mechanisms in recently introduced Aedes aegypti from Madeira Island (Portugal).

Background: Aedes aegypti is a major mosquito vector of arboviruses, including dengue, chikungunya and Zika. In 2005, Ae. aegypti was identified for the first time in Madeira Island.

Genetic diversity and population structure of Plasmodium falciparum over space and time in an African archipelago.

The archipelago of São Tomé and Principe (STP), West Africa, has suffered the heavy burden of malaria since the 16th century. Until the last decade, when after a successful control program STP has become a low transmission country and one of the few nations with decreases of more than 90% in malaria admission and death rates. We carried out a longitudinal study to determine the genetic structure of STP parasite populations over time and space.

Adaptive Potential of Hybridization among Malaria Vectors: Introgression at the Immune Locus TEP1 between Anopheles coluzzii and A. gambiae in 'Far-West' Africa.

"Far-West" Africa is known to be a secondary contact zone between the two major malaria vectors Anopheles coluzzii and A. gambiae. We investigated gene-flow and potentially adaptive introgression between these species along a west-to-east transect in Guinea Bissau, the putative core of this hybrid zone.

Ethane/ethylene adsorption on carbon nanotubes: temperature and size effects on separation capacity.

We present the results of Monte Carlo simulations of the adsorption of single-component ethane and ethylene and of equimolar mixtures of these two gases on bundles of closed, single-walled carbon nanotubes. Two types of nanotube bundles were used in the simulations: homogeneous (i.e.

A prospective randomized study comparing cyclosporine versus tacrolimus combined with daclizumab, mycophenolate mofetil, and steroids in heart transplantation.

Background: Cyclosporine (CsA) and tacrolimus (Tac) in heart transplantation (HTx) have been compared but with certain drawbacks. We compared both drugs in a prospective analysis with medium-term follow-up.

Methods: Hundred and six patients were randomized to receive CsA or Tac (53 per group).

Genetic population structure of Anopheles gambiae in Equatorial Guinea.

Background: Patterns of genetic structure among mosquito vector populations in islands have received particular attention as these are considered potentially suitable sites for experimental trials on transgenic-based malaria control strategies. In this study, levels of genetic differentiation have been estimated between populations of Anopheles gambiae s.s.

Catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 on a Pt(100) surface: Monte Carlo simulations.

We propose a surface reaction model for NO reduction with NH3 on a Pt(100) single crystal catalyst surface and we explore it by carrying out Monte Carlo simulations. Our model includes experimentally observed realistic features such as adsorbate-induced surface phase transition, structure-dependent sticking coefficients and reactivity, desorption probabilities, and surface diffusion of adsorbed species. We discuss similarities found while comparing the available experimental data and our model as reactant ratio and temperature vary.

[Clinical usefulness of transcranial Doppler in diagnosis of brain death].

Background And Objective: The use of transcranial doppler (TD) for the assessment of critical neurological patients and brain death (BD) is steadily growing. In this study we describe the daily clinical practice around BD diagnosis and compare the usefulness of TD, including advantages and shortcomings, with that of other tests.

Patients And Method: A series of 100 patients diagnosed of brain death is presented including the demographic and clinical data as well as the results of ancillary tests (CE).