[Altered urinary calcium excretion in prostate cancer patients subjected to androgen deprivation. Preliminary pilot study results.].

Objectives: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in prostate cancer is associated with the appearance of different adverse effects. Among these effects, notable ones that may affect metabolism are osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study is to analyse lithogenic risk markers three months after initiating treatment with LHRH analogue.

Androgen deprivation therapy in prostate cancer and risk of developing renal calculi: Results of a case-control study.

Background And Objective: Androgenic deprivation therapy in prostate cancer is associated with the onset of different adverse effects, including osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome. Both are related to the onset of nephrolithiasis. The objective of this article is to study the incidence of renal stones in patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy with LHRH analogue.

Value of focal applied energy quotient in treatment of ureteral lithiasis with shock waves.

The treatment of ureteral lithiasis by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is progressively being abandoned owing to advances in endoscopic lithotripsy. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the causes as to why ESWL is less effective-with a measurable parameter: focal applied energy quotient (FAEQ) that allows us to apply an improvement project in ESWL results for ureteral lithiasis. A prospective observational cohort study with 3-year follow-up and enrollment period was done with three groups of cases.

Gross calcification on distal end of ureteral stent.

Objective: The commonest indications for ureteral stent placement are: obstructive nephrolithiasis, renoureteral surgery, urologic oncology, endourology and extrinsic ureteral compression.

Methods: We report the case of a 77-year-old male patient with a DJ ureteral catheter placed for an 8-month period and history of nephrolithiasis; the stent showed a 60 mm x 30 mm calcification on its distal end.

Results: Open cystolithotomy and removal of stent resolved the clinic symptomatology.

Relationship between biopsy Gleason score and radical prostatectomy specimen Gleason score in patients undergoing sextant vs 12 core biopsies.

Objectives: Our goal is to analyze the degree of concordance between the Gleason score (GS) obtained in prostate biopsies and the one after radical prostatectomy. The intention is to know whether 12-core biopsy, instead of 6 (sextant biopsy), improves, or not, this correlation.

Methods: A Cohort/prevalence study was conducted on 128 patients who underwent prostate biopsy and subsequent radical prostatectomy.

Spontaneous retroperitoneal abscess as the first clinical manifestation of a non-functioning retroperitoneal paraganglioma.

We demonstrate a novel clinical presentation of paraganglioma not described in the literature. The paraganglioma is a catecholamine secretory, or non-secretory, neuroendocrine tumour that derives from chromaffin cells. Its frequency, with regard to pheochromocytoma, is low, and the abdominal region is the most frequent localisation site, followed in importance by the cervical region.

Treatment of ureteral lithiasis with tamsulosin: literature review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Ninety percent of ureteral calculi <4 mm are expelled over a period of 3 months; if they are >6 mm the elimination possibilities are reduced to 30%. Presently, investigations in the treatment of ureteral lithiasis have the objective of modifying ureter contractibility with the aid of calcium antagonist and alpha-blocking drugs. The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of tamsulosin in the treatment of the distal ureter lithiasis and to make a systematic analysis of the literature.

[Secondary hyperparathyroidism in advanced prostate cancer].

Background And Objective: High parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations are associated with increased bone resorption and bone matrix degradation. Some studies show elevated PTH concentrations and hypocalcemia in patients with advanced prostate carcinoma, although the pathophysiological significance of these findings is not well defined.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 60 patients diagnosed with advanced prostate cancer (44 nonmetastatic and 16 metastatic) treated with androgen deprivation.

Bladder lithiasis on tension-free polypropylene tape after TVT technique.

We describe a case of a 74-year-old woman with a history of hysterectomy and subsequent placement of tension-free tape, according to TVT procedure, who presented with bladder lithiasis secondary to bladder perforation after placement of the aforementioned tape. The treatment included endoscopic lithotripsy for lithiasis removal and resection of distal and proximal ends of intra-bladder tape with the aid of endoscopic scissors, and photocoagulation of the resulting carved lesions with Holmium:Yag laser. The composition of lithiasis was magnesium ammonium phosphate with some calcium phosphate 1 month later, the patient feels asymptomatic; cystoscopy reveals complete restitution of bladder mucosa and absence of intra-bladder protrusion of the aforementioned material.

Renal lithiasis in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Evolution and treatment.

Objectives: The relationship between hyperparathyroidism and lithiasis is quite known, so the study of parathyroid glands is especially mandatory in the face of relapses. Our objective is to analyze both primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) associated with renal lithiasis and the evolution of this condition after parathyroidectomy, as well as to study factors associated with the presence of lithiasis or bone pathology, and carry out a review on bibliography.

Methods: We describe a retrospective study of a series comprising 287 cases of hyperparathyroidism: 237 of them were primary and the remaining 50, secondary.

[Current indications of open surgery for the treatment of renal lithiasis. Ureterocalycostomy as definitive treatment for lithiasis in a female with recurrent disease].

Objective: We describe one case of recurrent lithiasis associated with anatomical alteration of the renal pelvis related to previous surgery.

Methods/results: The patient presented a urinary tract infection episode, complicated with pyonephrosis and septicemia. In the intravenous urography, infectious radiopaque pyelocaliceal multiple and complex lithiasis can be seen, as well as kidney hydronephrosis grade III-IV.

[The treatment of bladder lithiasis with laser].

Objectives: The use of laser for endoscopic lithotripsy started in 1968 when Mulvaney tried a ruby laser without success; Later on, the CO2 laser and the Nd:YAG were tried. With the pulsed dye and alexandrite lasers energetic performances between 30 and 200 mJ are obtained, their capacity of fragmentation is not universal and is limited to small stones, generally ureteral stones, so that it has not been a therapeutic alternative for bladder lithiasis. The holmium laser generates energy pulses of 400-2500 mJ, it is able to fragment every type of stone.

[Methodology and limits of outpatient ureteroscopy].

Objectives: To demonstrate the efficacy of ambulatory ureteroscopy under sedation-analgesia as diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedure for the upper urinary tract diseases, neoplasias, stenosis, stones.

Methods: We analyze the results of a series of diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedures in 1243 patients divided into five groups: 1. Work up for filling defects with positive cytology and hematuria, 36 cases.

[Management of staghorn calculi].

Objectives: More than 200 articles about treatment of staghorn calculi have been published over the last 15 years; we observe a progressive tendency to the elective indication of a combination of therapeutic methods. Recent development of flexible ureteroscopy and endoscopical holmium-YAG laser lithotripsy has prompted the application of a new method of combined treatment for staghorn calculi: retrograde ureteroscopy and external shock wave lithotripsy. The objective of this work is to analyze indications and results of various therapeutic methods in relation to staghorn calculi complexity.

Therapeutic options in lithiasis of the lumbar ureter.

Introduction: In the past 25 years, the treatment of lithiasis of the lumbar ureter has evolved from ureterolithotomy to extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy and/or endoscopic lithotripsy. Our objective has been to analyse the results of extracorporeal lithotripsy and endoscopic surgery in lithiasis of the lumbar ureter.

Materials And Methods: We have analysed 734 single calculi of the lumbar ureter treated during the decade 1990-2000, excluding patients with lithiasis in other locations in order to avoid bias in the assessment of the results.

[Extracorporeal lithotripsy in lumbar ureteral lithiasis. Is the ureteral catheter necessary?].

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of JJ catheter as urinary diversion in the treatment of lumbar ureteral lithiasis by ESWL.

Methods: Results obtained in our ESWL unit between january 1990 and October 2000 are compared. 680 cases of lithiasis are divided into 5 groups for analysis: Group A: Lumbar ureter non obstructive lithiasis.