Clinical Profile and Results Obtained in Patients Treated by Auditory Brainstem Implants.

Introduction: Cochlear implants have been able to treat some types of hearing loss, but those related to cochlear nerve impairment made it necessary to find new ways to manage these deficits; leading to auditory brainstem implants (ABI).

Aim: Our objective is to present the clinical profile of patients treated through an ABI and the results obtained from 1997 to 2017.

Material And Methods: On the one hand, patients with statoacoustic nerve tumours (VIIIcranial nerve) were selected, and on the other hand, patients withoutVIII tumours with congenital malformations of the inner ear.

Coupling of cerebral blood flow and functional connectivity is decreased in healthy aging.

Aging leads to cerebral perfusion and functional connectivity changes that have been assessed using various neuroimaging techniques. In addition, a link between these two parameters has been demonstrated in healthy young adults. In this work, we employed arterial spin labeling (ASL) fMRI to measure global and voxel-wise differences in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and intrinsic connectivity contrast (ICC) in the resting state in a group of cognitively normal elderly subjects and a group of cognitively normal young subjects, in order to assess the effects of aging on CBF-ICC coupling, which had not been previously evaluated.

Endolymphatic hydrops severity in magnetic resonance imaging evidences disparate vestibular test results.

Objectives: It has been suggested that in Ménière's disease (MD) a dissociated result in the caloric test (abnormal result) and video head-impulse test (normal result) probably indicates that hydrops affects the membranous labyrinth in the horizontal semicircular canal (HSC). The hypothesis in this study is that based on endolymphatic hydrops' cochleocentric progression, hydrops should also be more severe in the vestibule of these patients than in those for whom both tests are normal.

Methods: 22 consecutive patients with unilateral definite MD were included and classified as NN if both tests were normal or AN if the caloric test was abnormal.

Reduced Cerebral Blood Flow in Mild Cognitive Impairment Assessed Using Phase-Contrast MRI.

There is increasing evidence of a vascular contribution to Alzheimer's disease (AD). In some cases, prior work suggests that chronic brain hypoperfusion could play a prime pathogenic role contributing to the accumulation of amyloid-β,while other studies favor the hypothesis that vascular dysfunction and amyloid pathology are independent, although synergistic, mechanisms contributing to cognitive impairment. Vascular dysfunction can be evaluated by assessing cerebral blood flow impairment.

Grey matter hypometabolism and atrophy in Parkinson's disease with cognitive impairment: a two-step process.

The pathophysiological process underlying cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease is not well understood. Cerebral atrophy and hypometabolism have been described in patients with Parkinson's disease and dementia or mild cognitive impairment with respect to control subjects. However, the exact relationships between atrophy and hypometabolism are still unclear.

Atraumaticity study of 2 cochlear implant electrode arrays.

Hypothesis: Evaluate, based on morphologic and histologic parameters, the atraumaticity of 2 electrode arrays implanted in 10 human temporal bones.

Background: Atraumatic surgery and electrode arrays are current topics in otologic surgery. The preservation of cochlear anatomy and its functions is a priority and morphologic evaluation of the surgical trauma is essential to continue improving in this field.

Functional bold MRI: advantages of the 3 T vs. the 1.5 T.

We quantitatively evaluate the benefits of a higher field strength for functional brain MRI (fMRI) based on the blood oxygenation level-dependent contrast. The 3-T fMRI shows a higher sensitivity for the motor and somatosensory stimulation and more specific localization in the grey substance. The 3-T fMRI detects additional areas of activation with the motor paradigm.

Systolic prospectively ECG-triggered dual-source CT angiography for evaluation of the coronary arteries in heart transplant recipients.

Objectives: To assess feasibility, image quality, and radiation dose of prospectively ECG-triggered coronary CT angiography (CTA) in orthotopic heart transplant (OHT) recipients.

Methods: 47 consecutive OHT recipients (40 men, mean age 62.1 ± 10.

Dilated vein of Galen in Kabuki syndrome.

Kabuki syndrome (KS) comprises multiple congenital abnormalities and is characterized by a peculiar facial appearance, dermatoglyphic anomalies, mental retardation, skeletal abnormalities and postnatal growth retardation. We describe the case of a 23-month-old boy with the typical features of KS who had several malformations in the veins of the brain, which had not previously been described in patients with this syndrome. The MRI phlebogram of this patient showed that the vein of Galen was dilated and that it drained anomalously.

Adenosine-stress dynamic myocardial volume perfusion imaging with second generation dual-source computed tomography: Concepts and first experiences.

Recent research suggests that multidetector-row CT may have potential as a standalone modality for integrative imaging of coronary heart disease, including the assessment of the myocardial blood supply. However, the technical prerequisites for volumetric, time-resolved imaging of the passage of a contrast medium bolus through the myocardium have only been met with latest generation wide-detector CT scanners. Second-generation dual-source CT enables performing electrocardiographic (ECG)-synchronized dynamic myocardial perfusion imaging by a dedicated "shuttle" mode.

Progression of dopaminergic depletion in a model of MPTP-induced Parkinsonism in non-human primates. An (18)F-DOPA and (11)C-DTBZ PET study.

Unlabelled: Dopaminergic depletion in the nigrostriatal system is the neurochemical hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). Although numerous efforts have been made to determine the evolution of dopaminergic depletion in PD, "in vivo" data concerning the stages of this process are still scarce. We evaluated 6-[18F]-fluoro-l-DOPA ((18)F-DOPA) and 11C-(+)-alpha-dihydrotetrabenazine ((11)C-DTBZ) using PET in a model of chronically MPTP-induced parkinsonism in non-human primates.

CT scan study of atlantoaxial rotatory mobility in asymptomatic adult subjects: a basis for better understanding C1-C2 rotatory fixation and subluxation.

Study Design: Normal rotation was evaluated in a group of 40 asymptomatic adults.

Objective: To determine the normal rotational limits of C1-C2 in adults and define when a rotatory fixation occurs in the limits of normality or in subluxation. The term subluxation should be used only when C1-C2 is rotated beyond normal limits.

Preoperative planning of DIEP and SGAP flaps: preliminary experience with magnetic resonance angiography using 3-tesla equipment and blood-pool contrast medium.

Background: Autologous breast reconstruction techniques can be used to create a breast, in particular the superior gluteal artery perforator (SGAP) and deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flaps. Preoperative imaging is an essential planning tool in mapping the location and size of perforator vessels. The aim of this report is to show the usefulness of angio-MR technique for preoperative planning of DIEP and SGAP flaps.

Planning and optimising DIEP flaps with virtual surgery: the Navarra experience.

Methods to improve operative outcomes in deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap surgery have previously focussed on operative technique and postoperative-course modification. Recently, preoperative imaging has become capable of mapping the entire course of perforating vessels, including those vessels as small as 0.3 mm, enabling 'virtual surgery' to be performed preoperatively.

Activity of gefitinib in central nervous system metastases in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: two case reports and a review of the literature.

Gefitinib is the first inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor that has shown activity in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but its potential value in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) metastases has been rarely assessed. We report 2 cases of patients with CNS metastases responding to gefitinib and a review of all the cases previously published in the literature. Computerized and manual searches were performed to identify reports of patients with NSCLC with CNS metastases treated with gefitinib.

Neuroimaging as a marker of the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease.

Several neuroimaging techniques are promising tools as early markers of brain pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). On structural MRI, atrophy of the entorhinal cortex is present already in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In the autosomal dominant forms of AD, the rate of atrophy of medial temporal structures separates affected from control persons even 3 years before the clinical onset of cognitive impairment.

Independent association of fibrinogen with carotid intima-media thickness in asymptomatic subjects.

Background: Fibrinogen has been found to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to its variability in plasma. However, whether the relation between fibrinogen and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is independent of those factors has not been established.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in patients with Ménière's disease treated with intratympanic gentamycin.

Objectives: To analyze the incidence and characteristics of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) in patients with Ménière's disease who did not respond to medical treatment and to whom intratympanic gentamycin treatment was proposed.

Study Design: This is a retrospective analysis of the patients in our database. A complete otoneurologic bedside examination of each patient, including assessment of positional nystagmus, was performed at the time of diagnosis and during the follow-up.

Gastrointestinal pneumatosis after docetaxel chemotherapy.

Breast cancer is one of the most frequent neoplasms in women. New drugs, including taxanes, have improved survival in patients with metastatic disease. Quality of life and efficacy are important goals during treatment of these women.