Diagnosis and Characterization of Plant Viruses Using HTS to Support Virus Management and Tomato Breeding.

Viral diseases pose a significant threat to tomato crops ( L.), one of the world's most economically important vegetable crops. The limited genetic diversity of cultivated tomatoes contributes to their high susceptibility to viral infections.

Diversity and Distribution of Viruses Infecting Wild and Domesticated spp. in the Mesoamerican Center of Domestication.

Viruses are an important disease source for beans. In order to evaluate the impact of virus disease on biodiversity, we determined the identity and distribution of viruses infecting wild and domesticated spp. in the Mesoamerican Center of Domestication (MCD) and the western state of Nayarit, Mexico.

A new begomovirus isolated from a potyvirus-infected bean plant causes asymptomatic infections in bean and N. benthamiana.

In this work, a begomovirus isolated from a bean plant coinfected with the potyviruses bean common mosaic virus and bean common mosaic necrosis virus was characterized. The three viruses were detected by high-throughput sequencing and assembly of total small RNAs, but the begomovirus-related contigs did not allow precise identification. Molecular analysis based on standard DNA amplification techniques revealed the presence of a single bipartite virus, which is a novel begomovirus according to the current taxonomic criteria.

Simultaneous Detection of Both RNA and DNA Viruses Infecting Dry Bean and Occurrence of Mixed Infections by BGYMV, BCMV and BCMNV in the Central-West Region of Mexico.

A multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was developed to simultaneously detect bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), bean common mosaic necrotic virus (BCMNV), and bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV) from common bean leaves dried with silica gel using a single total nucleic acid extraction cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) method. A mixture of five specific primers was used to amplify three distinct fragments corresponding to 272 bp from the gene of BGYMV as well as 469 bp and 746 bp from the gene of BCMV and BCMNV, respectively. The three viruses were detected in a single plant or in a bulk of five plants.

A new allele of γ-kafirin gene coding for a protein with high lysine content in Mexican white sorghum germplasm.

Background: Low protein digestibility and lysine content of white sorghum grain limit its use as a foodstuff. The increase in γ-kafirin cross-linking, has an important role in the reduction of protein digestibility. The objective of this study was to characterize the γ-kafirin gene in 12 Mexican tannin-free white sorghum genotypes and its relationship with protein digestibility and lysine content.

Bacterial resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides.

Naturally occurring cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) have been considered as promising candidates to treat infections caused by pathogenic bacteria to animals and humans. This assumption is based on their mechanism of action, which is mainly performed through electrostatic membrane interactions. Unfortunately, the rise in the reports that describe bacterial resistance to CAMPs has redefined their role as therapeutic agents.

Prolactin stimulates the internalization of Staphylococcus aureus and modulates the expression of inflammatory response genes in bovine mammary epithelial cells.

The incidence of mastitis in dairy cattle is highest at the drying off period and parturition, which are characterized by high levels of the lactogenic hormone prolactin (PRL). One of the most frequently isolated contagious pathogens causing mastitis is Staphylococcus aureus. However, the role of PRL on S.

Fungicidal and cytotoxic activity of a Capsicum chinense defensin expressed by endothelial cells.

Plant defensins are antimicrobial peptides that exhibit mainly antifungal activity against a broad range of plant fungal pathogens. However, their actions against Candida albicans have not been extensively studied. The mRNA for gamma-thionin, a defensin from Capsicum chinense, has been expressed in bovine endothelial cells.

Invasive potential of bacterial isolates associated with subclinical bovine mastitis.

This work describes differences in the invasive ability of bacterial isolates associated with mastitis. Invasion ability was determined by the uptake and survival in a primary culture of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC). BMEC were isolated from a healthy lactating cow and characterized by their morphology, immunostaining for cytokeratin and the detection of beta- and kappa-casein mRNAs.