Publications by authors named "Jose J Morales-Aguirre"
Respiratory tract infections in children in developing countries.
Semin Pediatr Infect Dis
April 2005
Acute respiratory infections are the main cause of morbidity worldwide, and pneumonia represents one of the main causes of death in children younger than the age of 5 years in developing countries. Several risk factors for acquiring respiratory infections in developing countries, such as poverty, restricted family income, low parental education level, low birth weight, malnutrition, and lack of breastfeeding, have been described. Another important factor in recent years that has aggravated the problem of acute respiratory infections in developing countries is the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) pandemic.
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- A 12-year-old girl with HIV, diagnosed at age 1, was hospitalized due to headaches, weakness on one side, and vision problems.
- Her initial lab results showed a low CD4+ count and a high viral load, leading to treatment with specific antiretroviral medications.
- After 6 months of therapy, her health improved, showing increased CD4+ counts and undetectable viral load, along with resolution of a cerebral aneurysm and related vasculitis.
Mucormycosis (zygomycosis) normally occurs among individuals with predisposing factors such as prematurity, use of broad spectrum antibiotics, metabolic acidosis or advanced stages of immunosuppression. There have been reports of sporadic cases of cutaneous mucormycosis related to predisposing skin lesions and contact with contaminated material such as adhesive bandages and tongue depressors placed close to intravenous catheter insertion sites. We report successful treatment of a case of Absidia corymbifera infection with the combination of amphotericin B and surgical debridement of the affected area.
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- New antiretroviral agents and prophylaxis schedules have improved survival and quality of life for HIV-infected patients, leading to significant changes in the occurrence of opportunistic infections.
- Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) used to affect 12-80% of HIV-infected children, leading to high mortality rates, but the introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly reduced these cases.
- Despite these advancements, many patients in developing countries still lack access to ART, which puts them at greater risk for opportunistic infections like PCP, particularly impacting their life expectancy.
It has been proposed that HIV-related oral lesions (HIV-ROL) have a significant diagnostic and prognostic value for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in adult patients. However, in HIV-infected children, the relation between HIV-ROL and immune and virologic status is not well established. The principal objective of this paper is to assess the prevalence of HIV-related oral lesions (HIV-ROL) in Mexican HIV-infected children in relation to their immunologic status, viral load, and gender.
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