[Cardiovascular preventive recommendations. PAPPS 2020 update].

The recommendations of the semFYC's Program for Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (PAPPS) for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are presented. The following sections are included: Epidemiological review, where the current morbidity and mortality of CVD in Spain and its evolution as well as the main risk factors are described; Cardiovascular (CV) risk tables and recommendations for the calculation of CV risk; Main risk factors such as arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus, describing the method for their diagnosis, therapeutic objectives and recommendations for lifestyle measures and pharmacological treatment; Indications for antiplatelet therapy, and recommendations for screening of atrial fibrillation. The quality of testing and the strength of the recommendation are included in the main recommendations.

Austerity Policies and Mortality in Spain After the Financial Crisis of 2008.

Objectives: To analyze mortality in Spain and the United States before and after these countries implemented divergent policies in response to the financial crisis of 2008.

Methods: We examined mortality statistics in both countries in the years 2000 to 2015. Spain started austerity policies in 2010.

Inverse association of resistin with physical activity in the general population.

Aim: Resistin is a cytokine related with inflammation and ischemic heart disease. Physical activity (PA) prevents chronic inflammation and ischemic heart disease. We studied the relationship of serum concentration of resistin with HDL cholesterol, a known biomarker of PA, and with different measures of PA, in a large sample of the general adult population in the Canary Islands.

Incidence, Mortality and Positive Predictive Value of Type 1 Cardiorenal Syndrome in Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Objectives: To determine whether the risk of cardiovascular mortality associated with cardiorenal syndrome subtype 1 (CRS1) in patients who were hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) was greater than the expected risk based on the sum of its components, to estimate the predictive value of CRS1, and to determine whether the severity of CRS1 worsens the prognosis.

Methods: Follow-up study of 1912 incident cases of ACS for 1 year after discharge. Cox regression models were estimated with time to event (in-hospital death, and readmission or death during the first year after discharge) as the dependent variable.

Lipid and inflammatory biomarker profiles in early insulin resistance.

Aims: To analyze the serum lipid and inflammatory biomarker profile in the early insulin resistance (e-IR).

Methods: Cross-sectional study of 5943 adults without diabetes, stratified into no IR group (C-peptide
Results: E-IR showed significant differences with no IR in the serum concentration of triglycerides (P < 0.

C-peptide as a risk factor of coronary artery disease in the general population.

Objective: To analyse the association between serum C-peptide and coronary artery disease in the general population.

Methods: Follow-up study of 6630 adults from the general population. They were stratified into group 1 (no insulin resistance: C-peptide < third tercile and glycaemia < 100 mg/dL), group 2 (initial insulin resistance: C-peptide ⩾ third tercile and glycaemia < 100 mg/dL) and group 3 (advanced insulin resistance: glycaemia ⩾ 100 mg/dL).

[Management of vascular risk factors in patients older than 80].

The number of patients older than 80 years is steadily increasing and it represents the main basis for increasing population figures in developed countries. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of mortality and disability causes result in a huge burden of disease in elderly people. However, available scientific evidence to support decision-making on cardiovascular prevention in elderly patients is scarce.

[Resting heart rate and cardiovascular disease].

Heart rate reflects autonomic nervous system activity. Numerous studies have demonstrated that an increased heart rate at rest is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality as an independent risk factor. It has been shown a link between cardiac autonomic balance and inflammation.

[Patients' characteristics and clinical management of atrial fibrillation in primary healthcare in Spain: FIATE Study].

Background And Objectives: The main therapeutic objective in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients is stroke prevention. This study is aimed to determine whether the anticoagulant therapy may be appropriate regarding to the Guidelines and patients' profile in primary healthcare in Spain.

Patients And Methods: A national, multicenter, cross-sectional study of AF patients attended in primary healthcare in Spain has been conducted.

Factors associated with knowledge and control of arterial hypertension in the Canary Islands.

Introduction And Objectives: To analyze the factors associated with knowledge and control of hypertension in the adult population of the Canary Islands (18-75 years).

Methods: We recruited a random sample of the general population aged ≥18 years. Hypertension was defined as systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or known hypertension (self-declared, or controlled hypertension <140/90 mmHg).

[The waist to height ratio as an index of cardiovascular risk and diabetes].

Background And Objectives: To identify the anthropometric index that best detects cardiovascular risk (CVR) and type 2 diabetes (DM2) in the adult Spanish population and to determine its cut-off point.

Subjects And Methods: Cross-sectional study in the general population (n=6279). Sensitivity and specificity were estimated for the anthropometric indexes: abdominal waist, body mass index, waist to hip ratio and waist to height ratio (WtHR).

[Framingham function estimates the risk of cardio vascular mortality more effectively than SCORE function in the population of the Canary Islands (Spain)].

Introduction: To compare the performance of the Framingham and SCORE functions to estimate fatal cardiovascular events. In addition, we explored the ability of both functions to detect the risk contributed by factors not included in their equations: sedentariness, obesity, abdominal circumference, abdomen/height razón, abdomen/pelvis ratio, and excessive alcohol consumption.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 5,289 individuals aged 30 to 69 years old, recruited by random sampling of the general population of the Canary Islands.