Effect of Silibinin on Human Pancreatic Lipase Inhibition and Gut Microbiota in Healthy Volunteers: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Thistle () has been traditionally employed for liver protection. However, we recently identified silibinin, the main bioactive compound of thistle extract, as an in vitro pancreatic lipase inhibitor, which suggested a potential role as an anti-obesity agent. This study aimed to assess, in vivo, the efficacy, safety, and effects of silibinin on human lipase.

Sex-Dependent Gut Microbiota Features and Functional Signatures in Metabolic Disfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

: This study investigates the gut microbiota's role in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), focusing on microbial and functional signatures and sex-based differences. : Using baseline data from 98 MASLD patients and 45 controls from the Fatty Liver in Obesity (FLiO) study, the gut microbiota was profiled with 16S gene sequencing, followed by statistical and machine learning analyses to identify disease-associated microbial signatures. : Notable alpha and beta diversity differences were observed between MASLD patients and the controls, varying by sex.

Parent-child microbiota relationships involved in childhood obesity: A CORALS ancillary study.

Objectives: Childhood obesity continues to rise worldwide. Family gut microorganisms may be associated with childhood obesity. The aim of the study was to analyze bacterial similarities in fecal microbiota composition between parent-offspring pairs as linked to body weight.

Circulating microRNA panels in subjects with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease after following a 2-year dietary intervention.

Purpose: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) affects one-third of the global population. Despite its high prevalence, there is a lack of minimally non-invasive diagnostic methods to assess this condition. This study explores the potential of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) as diagnostic biomarkers for MASLD after a 2-year nutritional intervention.

Anti-Obesity Effects of a Collagen with Low Digestibility and High Swelling Capacity: A Human Randomized Control Trial.

Background/objectives: Collagen is a protein formed by very long amino acid chains. When conveniently treated, it can incorporate water into the net, thus increasing its volume and mass. The present work aimed to evaluate the potential anti-obesity effects of bovine collagen that has been technologically treated to increase its water retention capacity in an acid pH medium, with the objective of inducing satiation.

Plant miR6262 Modulates the Expression of Metabolic and Thermogenic Genes in Human Hepatocytes and Adipocytes.

Background: Edible plants have been linked to the mitigation of metabolic disturbances in liver and adipose tissue, including the decrease of lipogenesis and the enhancement of lipolysis and adipocyte browning. In this context, plant microRNAs could be key bioactive molecules underlying the cross-kingdom beneficial effects of plants. This study sought to explore the impact of plant-derived microRNAs on the modulation of adipocyte and hepatocyte genes involved in metabolism and thermogenesis.

Multipanel Approach including miRNAs, Inflammatory Markers, and Depressive Symptoms for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Diagnosis during 2-Year Nutritional Intervention.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), with a prevalence of 30% of adults globally, is considered a multifactorial disease. There is a lack of effective non-invasive methods for accurate diagnosis and monitoring. Therefore, this study aimed to explore associations between changes in circulating miRNA levels, inflammatory markers, and depressive symptoms with hepatic variables in MASLD subjects and their combined potential to predict the disease after following a dietary intervention.

Inflammatory markers as diagnostic and precision nutrition tools for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Results from the Fatty Liver in Obesity trial.

Background & Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing public health concern. The disease is silent, and its diagnosis is often delayed. Inflammatory markers constitute an interesting tool to act as subrogate, non-invasive markers.

MicroRNAs from edible plants reach the human gastrointestinal tract and may act as potential regulators of gene expression.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. A cross-kingdom regulatory function has been unveiled for plant miRNAs (xenomiRs), which could shape inter-species interactions of plants with other organisms (bacteria and humans) and thus, be key functional molecules of plant-based food in mammals. However, discrepancies regarding the stability and bioavailability of dietary plant miRNAs on the host cast in doubt whether these molecules could have a significant impact on human physiology.

Plant miR8126-3p and miR8126-5p Decrease Lipid Accumulation through Modulation of Metabolic Genes in a Human Hepatocyte Model That Mimics Steatosis.

Plant-based food interventions are promising therapeutic approaches for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) treatment, and microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as functional bioactive components of dietary plants involved in cross-kingdom communication. Deeper investigations are needed to determine the potential impact of plant miRNAs in NAFLD. This study aimed to identify plant miRNAs that could eventually modulate the expression of human metabolic genes and protect against the progression of hepatic steatosis.

Application of Gut Bacterial Profiling Information in Precision Nutrition for Obesity and Weight Loss Management.

Background: It has been suggested that the dysfunction of the gut microbiome can have deleterious effects on the regulation of body weight and adiposity by affecting energy metabolism. In this context, gut bacterial profiling studies have contributed to characterize specific bacteria associated with obesity. This review covers the information driven by gut bacterial profiling analyses and emphasizes the potential application of this knowledge in precision nutrition strategies for obesity understanding and weight loss management.

A Predictive Tool Based on DNA Methylation Data for Personalized Weight Loss through Different Dietary Strategies: A Pilot Study.

Background And Aims: Obesity is a public health problem. The usual treatment is a reduction in calorie intake and an increase in energy expenditure, but not all individuals respond equally to these treatments. Epigenetics could be a factor that contributes to this heterogeneity.

miR482f and miR482c-5p from edible plant-derived foods inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in human THP-1 macrophages.

Background: Edible plants can exert anti-inflammatory activities in humans, being potentially useful in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Plant-derived microRNAs have emerged as cross-kingdom gene expression regulators and could act as bioactive molecules involved in the beneficial effects of some edible plants. We investigated the role of edible plant-derived microRNAs in the modulation of pro-inflammatory human genes.

Isoliquiritigenin in combination with visceral adipose tissue and related markers as a predictive tool for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent form of chronic liver disease in the world. New non-invasive diagnostic tools are needed to promptly treat this disease and avoid its complications. This study aimed to find key metabolites and related variables that could be used to predict and diagnose NAFLD.

(pA1c®) alleviates obesity-related dyslipidemia and inflammation in Wistar rats by activating beta-oxidation and modulating the gut microbiota.

Due to the importance of the gut microbiota in the regulation of energy homeostasis, probiotics have emerged as an alternative therapy to ameliorate obesity-related disturbances, including cholesterol metabolism dysregulation, dyslipidemia and inflammation. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of the probiotic strain (pA1c®) on the regulation of adiposity, cholesterol and lipid metabolism, inflammatory markers and gut microbiota composition in diet-induced obese rats. Twenty-nine four-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: rats fed a control diet (CNT group, = 8), rats fed a high fat/high sucrose diet (HFS group, = 11), and rats fed a HFS diet supplemented with pA1c® (pA1c®group, = 10).

Nutritional Interventions with Improved Glucose Metabolism and Hyperinsulinemia in Mice with Acute Intermittent Porphyria.

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a metabolic disorder caused by mutations in the porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD) gene, encoding the third enzyme of the heme synthesis pathway. Although AIP is characterized by low clinical penetrance (~1% of PBGD mutation carriers), patients with clinically stable disease report chronic symptoms and frequently show insulin resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the beneficial impact of nutritional interventions on correct carbohydrate dysfunctions in a mouse model of AIP that reproduces insulin resistance and altered glucose metabolism.

pA1c Improves the Beneficial Effects of Metformin Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes by Controlling Glycaemia and Modulating Intestinal Microbiota.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disease, which involves maintained hyperglycemia, mainly due to the development of an insulin resistance process. Metformin administration is the most prescribed treatment for diabetic patients. In a previously published study, we demonstrated that pA1c (pA1c) protects from insulin resistance and body weight gain in HFD-induced diabetic mice.

Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Epigenetic Markers in Obesity Development: Relationship between , BMI, and / Methylation.

Changes in gut microbiota composition and in epigenetic mechanisms have been proposed to play important roles in energy homeostasis, and the onset and development of obesity. However, the crosstalk between epigenetic markers and the gut microbiome in obesity remains unclear. The main objective of this study was to establish a link between the gut microbiota and DNA methylation patterns in subjects with obesity by identifying differentially methylated DNA regions (DMRs) that could be potentially regulated by the gut microbiota.

Attenuates the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Modulating Gut Microbiota, Improving Metabolic Risk Factors, and Attenuating Adipose Inflammation.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease, reaching epidemic proportions worldwide. Targeting the gut-adipose tissue-liver axis by modulating the gut microbiota can be a promising therapeutic approach in NAFLD. , a potent lactic-acid-producing bacterium, has been shown to attenuate NAFLD.

Association of the Gut Microbiota with the Host's Health through an Analysis of Biochemical Markers, Dietary Estimation, and Microbial Composition.

This study aims to analyze the relationship between gut microbiota composition and health parameters through specific biochemical markers and food consumption patterns in the Spanish population. This research includes 60 Spanish adults aged 47.3 ± 11.

Possible metabolic interplay between quality of life and fecal microbiota in a presenior population: Preliminary results.

Objectives: The number of people aged ≥60 y is increasing worldwide, so establishing a relationship between lifestyle and health-associated factors, such as gut microbiota in an older population, is important. This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiota of a presenior population, and analyze the association between some bacteria and quality of life with the Short Form (SF) 36 questionnaire.

Methods: Participants were adult men and women ages 50 to 80 y (n = 74).

A weight-loss model based on baseline microbiota and genetic scores for selection of dietary treatments in overweight and obese population.

Background & Aims: The response to weight loss depends on the interindividual variability of determinants such as gut microbiota and genetics. The aim of this investigation was to develop an integrative model using microbiota and genetic information to prescribe the most suitable diet for a successful weight loss in individuals with excess of body weight.

Methods: A total of 190 Spanish overweight and obese participants were randomly assigned to two hypocaloric diets for 4 months: 61 women and 29 men followed a moderately high protein (MHP) diet, and 72 women and 28 men followed a low fat (LF) diet.

A nutrigenetic tool for precision dietary management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease deeming insulin resistance markers.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development is linked to insulin resistance and influenced by environmental factors, but it also underlined a genetic predisposition. The aim of this research was to build a predictive model based on genetic and hepatic health information, deeming insulin resistance markers in order to personalize dietary treatment in overweight/obese subjects with NAFLD.

Methods: A 6-month nutritional intervention was conducted in 86 overweight/obese volunteers with NAFLD randomly assigned to 2 energy-restricted diets: the American Heart Association (AHA) diet and the Fatty Liver in Obesity (FLiO) diet.