The immunomodulatory potential of chickpea protein hydrolysate via ROS and NO pathways.

The uncontrolled overproduction of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) is linked to chronic inflammation, although they are also essential signaling molecules for the immune system against infectious agents. Bioactive compounds hold promise as functional bioactive nutrients, contributing to the immunomodulatory response. This study investigates the potential of chickpea protein hydrolysate to modulate ROS/RNS stress and inflammatory responses in a cellular low-grade chronic inflammatory model.

Sports Supplement Consumption in 316 Federated Female Road Cyclists.

Although the extensive use of sports supplements (SSs) is prevalent among cyclists, this area has been poorly explored; in fact, no studies have been conducted on this topic regarding women cyclists to date. This descriptive, cross-sectional study, which included 316 federated female road cyclists, aimed to analyze SS consumption patterns in relation to scientific evidence and various categories. SSs were categorized according to the groups and subgroups established by the Australian Sport Institute (AIS, 2023) based on the level of evidence supporting their use.

Changes in the Expression of Inflammatory Genes Induced by Chronic Exercise in the Adipose Tissue: Differences by Sex.

The impact of obesity on adipose tissue function is well acknowledged, but the role of physical exercise in regulating inflammatory markers and gene expression in obese individuals remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate the effects of chronic exercise on inflammatory gene expression in adipose tissue and to explore sex differences in response to exercise. The study involved 29 obese participants (13 men, 16 women) aged 38 to 54 years with a mean BMI of 36.

Analysis of Sports Supplement Consumption in 1688 Federated Road Cyclists.

The widespread use of sports supplements (SS) to enhance athletic performance extends to cyclists, although little research has been conducted on this subject within this sport. This descriptive and cross-sectional study involved 1688 federated road cyclists, aiming to analyse the pattern of SS consumption concerning the degree of scientific evidence and different categories. This study categorised SS based on the groups and subgroups established by the Australian Sport Institute (AIS, 2023) based on the level of evidence.

Production of chickpea protein hydrolysate at laboratory and pilot plant scales: Optimization using principal component analysis based on antioxidant activities.

Chickpeas are a nutrient-rich source with optimal and high essential amino acid score. To evaluate its potential as a functional food ingredient, 36 chickpea protein hydrolysates were produced at the lab-scale using food-grade enzymes. Parameters including yields, protein content, hydrolysis degree, and antioxidant activities were employed to identify the most favourable conditions for scaling up production to a pilot plant level using a principal component analysis.

Design and Validation of a Test to Evaluate the Execution Time and Decision-Making in Technical-Tactical Football Actions (Passing and Driving).

Unlabelled: Reaction time and decision-making (DMA) in football have usually been evaluated using edited images or videos of game situations. The purpose of this research is to design and validate a test that simultaneously evaluates execution time (ET) and decision-making (DMA) in the subcategories of type of action (TA) and direction of movement (DM).

Methodology: A quantitative, cross-sectional, and descriptive study of 30 young players.

Can the Supido Radar Be Used for Measuring Ball Speed during Soccer Kicking? A Reliability and Concurrent Validity Study of a New Low-Cost Device.

The aim was to analyze the reliability and validity of a low-cost instrument, based on a radar system, to quantify the kicking ball speed in soccer. A group of 153 male soccer players (under-13, n = 53; under-15, n = 54; under-18, n = 46) participated in this study. Each player performed three kicks on the goal in a standardized condition while the ball speed was measured with three different devices: one Radar Stalker ATS II (reference criterion) and two Supido Radar (Supido-front of the goal and Supido-back of the goal).

Autonomic function and its relationship with central obesity and hemodynamic variables in obese and overweight adults.

Introduction: central obesity is associated with an autonomic dysfunction characterized by an increase in sympathetic activity and a reduction in vagal tone, leading to a decrease in heart rate variability. Objective: we aimed to analyze the relationship between the time and frequency domains of heart rate variability with central obesity, and its hemodynamic variables in normal-weight, overweight and obese adults. Methods: a total of 65 adults were evaluated (25.

Perceptions of Football Analysts Goal-Scoring Opportunity Predictions: A Qualitative Case Study.

This study aimed to understand the way tactical football analysts perceive the general match analysis issues and to analyze their tactical interpretation of the predictive models of conceded goal-scoring opportunities. Nine tactical analysts responded to the semi-structured interviews that included a general section on the match analysis and a specific one on the results of a study on goal-scoring opportunities conceded by a Spanish La Liga team. Following their transcription, the interviews were codified into categories by the two researchers using Atlas Ti® software.

Relationship between Physical Fitness and Match Performance Parameters of Chile Women's National Football Team.

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships between the level of physical fitness and the physical performance parameters recorded by GPS in official FIFA matches of the Chilean women's senior national football team in the period 2018-2020. Twenty-six female field players (age (mean ± SD) 26.8 ± 3.

Acute Effects on Physical Performance Measures after 45 Min of Official Competition in Youth Soccer Players.

(1) Background: An improved understanding of soccer players' match-related physical performance and recovery may help conditioning programs and re-warm up strategies to increase team performance during official competitions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the acute effects of 45 min of official competition (first half in matches) on physical performance variables in U-16 youth soccer players. (2) Methods: 20 male soccer players (age: 14.

[Effects of physical exercise on aerobic fitness and cognition in older women with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

Background: Among older people, physical exercise improves cognitive function, aerobic fitness, and thus functional independence.

Aim: To determine the effects of a walking training program on aerobic fitness and cognitive function in older women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Material And Methods: An experimental study was carried out in 76 women with type 2 diabetes mellitus aged between 64 and 78 years.

Systematic Review of Self-Assessment in Physical Education.

Self-assessment is among the most impactful processes in student learning. Since no review of this process was found in the field of physical education (PE), the objective of this work was to perform a systematic review of the literature published over the last five years on the self-assessment of PE students in formal education contexts. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards.

Analysis of Sport Supplement Consumption and Body Composition in Spanish Elite Rowers.

The aim of this study was to analyze the anthropometric characteristics and sport supplement (SS) consumption patterns of heavyweight and lightweight international rowers. Methods: The 13 heavyweights (11 males) and seven lightweights (five males) of the Spanish National Rowing Team were recruited for the study. Body composition was measured by bio-impedance analysis, and the questionnaire used in this investigation was previously validated to assess SS consumption.

Effects of Progressive Resistance Training on Cognition and IGF-1 Levels in Elder Women Who Live in Areas with High Air Pollution.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a muscular strength programme on the levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and cognitive status in elder women with mild cognitive impairment who lived in areas of high air pollution. A total of 157 women participated in the study, distributed in four groups: Active/Clean (AC = 38) and Active/Pollution (AP = 37), who carried out a progressive resistance training programme for 24 months, and Sedentary/Clean (SC = 40) and Sedentary/Pollution (SP = 42). Maximum strength in the upper and lower limbs (1RM), cognition (Mini-Mental Scale Examination (MMSE)) and blood IGF-1 were evaluated.

Changes in Lipoinflammation Markers in People with Obesity after a Concurrent Training Program: A Comparison between Men and Women.

Obesity is related to low-grade systemic inflammation. This state of inflammation is characterized by the alteration in adipokine regulation, which may lead to a situation of cardiometabolic risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a concurrent training program on markers of lipoinflammation in adult people with obesity, comparing the response to the training between men and women.

Nutrition-Related Adverse Outcomes in Endurance Sports Competitions: A Review of Incidence and Practical Recommendations.

During the last few years, the numbers of competitors in endurance and ultra-endurance sports modalities have increased significantly. This type of competition is an extreme challenge for athletes. Therefore, they have an increased the risk of developing medical and nutritional problems.

Effects of fatigue induced by repeated-sprint on kicking accuracy and velocity in female soccer players.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fatigue induced by repeated sprint in the kicking accuracy and velocity in female soccer players. Eighteen Under-23 female soccer players from a Spanish professional club were subjected to a fatigue protocol based on a repeated-sprint ability (RSA) test. Measurements of the kicking velocity (maximal ball velocity) and accuracy (Loughborough Soccer Shooting Test) were taken before and after fatigue induction.

Effect of Autonomic Responses After Isometric Training at Different Intensities on Obese People.

Background: Arterial hypertension is among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. The primary non-pharmacological management of arterial hypertension is isometric grip training, which has shown better results than pharmacological methods; however, it has not been thoroughly studied in large muscle groups.

Objective: This study compared the pressor response of isometric exercise training at different intensities, in large groups versus small muscle groups, in sedentary eutrophic and overweight people aged 20-29 years.

Mediterranean Diet, Physical Fitness and Body Composition in Sevillian Adolescents: A Healthy Lifestyle.

Childhood and adolescent obesity has become one of the most vital challenges to overcome in the present age. Physical fitness, physical activity and the Mediterranean diet (MD) are valuable tools for its prevention and treatment. The main objective of this study is to analyze the associations between health-related physical fitness components, body composition and adherence to the MD in 917 adolescents aged from 13- to 16-years-old.

Effects of Cardiorespiratory Exercise on Cognition in Older Women Exposed to Air Pollution.

The aim was to analyze the effects of cardiorespiratory exercise and air pollution on cognition and cardiovascular markers in four groups of older women: the active/clean air group (AC), the active/polluted air group (AP), the sedentary/clean air group (SC), and the sedentary/polluted air group (SP). Active groups performed a training task based on progressive walking. Prior to and after the experiment, the following parameters were assessed: cognition, by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE); maximum oxygen uptake (VO), estimated by the Six-Minute Walk Test (6mWT); heart rate (HR); and oxygen saturation (SpO₂).

Effects of exercise on the cognition of older women treated with lovastatin.

Introduction: The deterioration of cognition is highly predominant in older adults.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of a walking program on the cognition and blood concentration of lipids in women over 60 years of age who were being treated with lovastatin.

Materials And Methods: Participants were distributed in two groups: An exercise group (EG, n=45) with aerobic training and an inactive sedentary group (SG, n=22).

[Body composition and physical fitness in Colombian high school students from Ibagué].

Introduction: Body composition and other components of physical fitness have proved to be important markers of health condition.

Objective: To analyze body composition and physical fitness in Colombian students from public high schools of Ibagué, as well as to study differences between sexes and age groups, and establish correlations between some of the variables.

Materials And Methods: The sample consisted of 1,253 students (601 males; 652 females), with an age range of 10-20 years.