Three-dimensional polarization states generated from random paraxial light.

We investigate the polarimetric structure of three-dimensional (3D) light fields generated by an optical system from a random two-dimensional (paraxial) wave. In particular, we show that some central 3D polarimetric properties, e.g.

Atypical B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with iAMP21 in the Context of Constitutional Ring Chromosome 21: A Case Report and Review of the Genetic Insights.

Recent studies have demonstrated the association between constitutional ring chromosome 21 (r(21)c) and the development of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) with intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 (iAMP21). iAMP21 acts as a driver which is often accompanied by secondary alterations that influence disease progression. Here, we report an atypical case of iAMP21 B-ALL with a unique molecular profile in the context of r(21)c.

Insight into the main determinants of the struggle against overweight and obesity in Chile: Use of random forest techniques and econometric models.

Overweight and obesity are considered the greatest public health problem in this emerging country, which worldwide has the second-highest percentage of overweight people among its population. The objective of this work was to analyse to what extent factors traditionally used in the study of overweight and obesity (such as sociodemographic and behavioural) and new variables proposed in the literature (such as stress, financial stress and emotional support) explain this disease in the adult population of Chile. Data were obtained from the III National Health Survey (ENS) administered by the Ministry of Health of Chile in 2017.

Switching Mediterranean Consumers to Mediterranean Sustainable Healthy Dietary Patterns (SWITCHtoHEALTHY): Study Protocol of a Multicentric and Multi-Cultural Family-Based Nutritional Intervention Study.

Background/objectives: Populations in Mediterranean countries are abandoning the traditional Mediterranean diet (MD) and lifestyle, shifting towards unhealthier habits due to profound cultural and socioeconomic changes. The SWITCHtoHEALTHY project aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of a multi-component nutritional intervention to improve the adherence of families to the MD in three Mediterranean countries, thus prompting a dietary behavior change.

Methods: A parallel, randomized, single-blinded, and controlled multicentric nutritional intervention study will be conducted over 3 months in 480 families with children and adolescents aged 3-17 years from Spain, Morocco, and Turkey.

Extensive low-density Plasmodium falciparum reservoir in the island of Príncipe, an isolated malaria pre-elimination setting.

Objectives: The isolated Príncipe is at the malaria pre-elimination stage. Autochthonous clinical cases have been reported sporadically on the island, signaling the possibility of a sizable subpatent (i.e.

First detection of V410L kdr mutation in Aedes aegypti populations of Argentina supported by toxicological evidence.

Background: Aedes aegypti (L.) is the main vector of dengue, yellow fever, Zika, and chikungunya viruses in many parts of the world, impacting millions of people worldwide each year. Insecticide-based interventions have been effective in controlling Aedes mosquito populations for several years, but in recent times, resistance to these compounds has developed, posing a global threat to the control of this mosquito.

Monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) low-expression variants and increased risk of Plasmodium vivax malaria relapses.

Objectives: Primaquine is essential for the radical cure of Plasmodium vivax malaria and must be metabolized into its bioactive metabolites. Accordingly, polymorphisms in primaquine-metabolizing enzymes can impact the treatment efficacy. This pioneering study explores the influence of monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) on primaquine metabolism and its impact on malaria relapses.

Polarimetric measurement of temporal coherence in electromagnetic light beams.

We present a method to determine the degree of temporal coherence of a quasimonochromatic vectorial light beam by polarimetric measurements. More specifically, we employ Michelson's interferometer in which the polarization Stokes parameters of the output (interference) beam are measured as a function of the time delay. Such a measurement enables us to deduce the magnitudes of the coherence (two-time) Stokes parameters, and hence the degree of coherence, of the input beam.

Allocation of the household food budget among shopping basket items: How is it influenced by promotions?

Retailers have been using promotion as a differentiation strategy that influences consumers' expenditures and their shopping basket budgetary allocation. This study assessed the effect of retail promotions on total shopping basket expenditure and determined whether promotions provoke a reallocation of the shopping budget. The analysis was performed on a chain of supermarkets in Catalonia, Spain using a consumer scanner data set from Kantar Worldpanel for 2017.

Meta-analysis of the global distribution of clinically relevant CYP2C8 alleles and their inferred functional consequences.

Background: CYP2C8 is responsible for the metabolism of 5% of clinically prescribed drugs, including antimalarials, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory drugs. Genetic variability is an important factor that influences CYP2C8 activity and modulates the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of its substrates.

Results: We profiled the genetic landscape of CYP2C8 variability using data from 96 original studies and data repositories that included a total of 33,185 unrelated participants across 44 countries and 43 ethnic groups.

Comprehensive detection of alterations in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a rapid and accurate novel approach.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a prevalent childhood cancer with high cure rate, but poses a significant medical challenge in adults and relapsed patients. Philadelphia-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) is a high-risk subtype, with approximately half of cases characterized by overexpression and frequent concomitant deletions. To address the need for efficient, rapid, and cost-effective detection of alterations, we developed a novel RT-qPCR technique combining SYBR Green and highresolution melting analysis on a single plate.

Development of a Replication-Deficient Bacteriophage Reporter Lacking an Essential Baseplate Wedge Subunit.

Engineered bacteriophages (phages) can be effective diagnostic reporters for detecting a variety of bacterial pathogens. Although a promising biotechnology, the large-scale use of these reporters may result in the unintentional release of genetically modified viruses. In order to limit the potential environmental impact, the ability of these phages to propagate outside the laboratory was targeted.

Intermolecular base-pairing interactions, a unique topology and exoribonuclease-resistant noncoding RNAs drive formation of viral chimeric RNAs in plants.

In plants, exoribonuclease-resistant RNAs (xrRNAs) are produced by many viruses. Whereas xrRNAs contribute to the pathogenicity of these viruses, the role of xrRNAs in the virus infectious cycle remains elusive. Here, we show that xrRNAs produced by a benyvirus (a multipartite RNA virus with four genomic segments) in plants are involved in the formation of monocistronic coat protein (CP)-encoding chimeric RNAs.

Three-dimensional polarization effects in optical tunneling.

We consider the three-dimensional (3D) polarimetric properties of an evanescent optical field excited in the gap of a double-prism system by a random plane wave. The analysis covers the case of frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR), i.e.

Unique territorial and compartmental organization of chromosomes in the holocentric silkmoth.

The hallmarks of chromosome organization in multicellular eukaryotes are chromosome territories (CT), chromatin compartments, and insulated domains, including topologically associated domains (TADs). Yet, most of these elements of chromosome organization are derived from analyses of a limited set of model organisms, while large eukaryotic groups, including insects, remain mostly unexplored. Here we combine Hi-C, biophysical modeling, and microscopy to characterize the 3D genome architecture of the silkworm, Bombyx mori.

Does Lidocaine Shorten Seizure Duration in Electroconvulsive Therapy?

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective short-term treatment for schizophrenia and depression, amongst other disorders. Lidocaine is typically added to reduce pain from intravenous propofol injection. However, depending on the dose used in the ECT setting, it can shorten seizure duration.

Cytogenetic Assessment and Risk Stratification in Myelofibrosis with Optical Genome Mapping.

Cytogenetic assessment in myelofibrosis is essential for risk stratification and patient management. However, an informative karyotype is unavailable in a significant proportion of patients. Optical genome mapping (OGM) is a promising technique that allows for a high-resolution assessment of chromosomal aberrations (structural variants, copy number variants, and loss of heterozygosity) in a single workflow.

Design and Validation of a Custom Next-Generation Sequencing Panel in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

The molecular landscape of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is highly heterogeneous, and genetic lesions are clinically relevant for diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment guidance. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has become an essential tool for clinical laboratories, where disease-targeted panels are able to capture the most relevant alterations in a cost-effective and fast way. However, comprehensive ALL panels assessing all relevant alterations are scarce.

Analysis of the tick communities associated to domestic mammals in rural areas of the Yungas montane forest from Argentina.

The aim of this work was to describe the tick community associated to domestic mammals in rural areas from the Yungas lower montane forest of Argentina. The circulation of tick-borne pathogens was also analyzed. Samples of ticks parasitizing cattle, horses, sheep and dogs were carried out in different seasons, and questing ticks were collected from vegetation and analyzed to detect the presence of Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Borrelia and Babesia by a battery of different PCRs.