Prognostic value of relative adrenal insufficiency in patients with severe alcohol-associated hepatitis-a prospective clinical study.

Background/aims: Relative adrenal insufficiency (RAI) is frequent in patients with liver cirrhosis and affects their prognosis. Scarce data on RAI in patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis (AAH) exists. This study aimed to document the prevalence and prognostic implication of RAI in patients with severe AAH.

The conundrum of differentiating Cushing's syndrome from non-neoplastic hypercortisolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Context: Once hypercortisolemia is confirmed, differential diagnosis between Cushing's syndrome (CS) due to neoplastic endogenous hypercortisolism and non-neoplastic hypercortisolism (NNH, pseudo-Cushing's syndrome) is crucial. Due to worldwide corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) unavailability, accuracy of alternative tests to dexamethasone (Dex)-CRH, is clearly needed.

Objective: Assess the diagnostic accuracy of Dex-CRH test, desmopressin stimulation test, midnight serum cortisol (MSC), and late-night salivary cortisol (LNSC) levels to distinguish CS from NNH.

Late-Onset 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome With Mild Cardiac Phenotype: A Unique Adult Presentation Diagnosed at 45 Years of Age.

This case report presents a detailed exploration of an adult-onset 22q11 deletion syndrome, a rare genetic disorder typically diagnosed in children. The report highlights the diagnostic challenges posed by this atypical presentation, emphasizing the need for clinicians to consider such conditions in differential diagnoses, especially in adults. This case is remarkable for its late onset and mild symptoms, which significantly deviated from the common pediatric presentation, including hypocalcemia due to hypoparathyroidism and a fenestrated atrial septal defect without significant hemodynamic implications.

The safety of BCG revaccination in the context of COVID-19.

The bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is administered in many countries as part of their vaccination schedules. Epidemiologic studies have suggested a possible benefit of this vaccine in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and other respiratory infections. We aimed to assess the safety of this intervention in BCG-primed adults.

Retinal Microvascular Density and Perfusion during an Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia Episode: A Warning Call.

Aim: To evaluate retinal vascular perfusion and density by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) before, during, and after hypoglycemia in individuals with diabetes mellitus with or without diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: A focused clinical history was performed, followed by an ophthalmological examination to document retinopathy status. OCTA was performed at baseline, at hypoglycemia, and at glucose normalization.

Benefits of metabolic surgery on macrovascular outcomes in adult patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects millions of individuals associated with an increased risk of mortality and macrovascular complications. We aimed to synthesize the benefit of metabolic surgery (MS) on macrovascular outcomes in adult patients with T2D.We included both cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated MS added to medical therapy compared with medical therapy alone in the treatment of adult patients with T2D.

Benefits and harms of fibrate therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the benefits and harms of fibrate therapy, alone or in combination with statins, in adult patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in six databases, from inception to January 27, 2022. Clinical trials that compared fibrate therapy with other lipid-lowering interventions or placebo were included.

Benefits of bariatric surgery on microvascular outcomes in adult patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Microvascular diabetes complications impair patients' health-related quality of life. Bariatric surgery (BS) emerged as a compelling treatment that demonstrated to have beneficial effects on patients with diabetes and obesity.

Objective: We aimed to synthesize the benefit of bariatric surgery on microvascular outcomes in adult patients with type 2 diabetes.

Low-Dose ACTH Stimulation Test in Obesity: A Randomized Dose Assessment.

Background: The short cosyntropin test is widely used for adrenal insufficiency screening and diagnosis. Lower cosyntropin doses may have greater sensitivity vs. the standard dose in detecting adrenal dysfunction.

Serological follow up of positive SARS-CoV-2 cases.

Objective: To describe the humoral response in a cohort with mild and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection previ-ously identified in a community-based serological survey.

Materials And Methods: This study was an observational follow up of 193 subjects previously identified with positive anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies invited for a second test 112 days after the first sampling. All completed a standardized electronic questionnaire.

Treatment burden and perceptions of glucose-lowering therapy among people living with diabetes.

Aims: Address treatment burden and general perceptions of pharmacological treatment in patients with diabetes.

Methods: We surveyed adult patients with diabetes cared for in a tertiary academic medical center about: i) knowledge about the impact of glucose-lowering medication use on diabetes control and complications, ii) common beliefs about natural medicine and insulin use, iii) attitudes towards glucose-lowering medications, iv) burden of treatment, v) general knowledge of diabetes pharmacological treatment, and vi) perceptions of shared decision-making.

Results: Two hundred-four participants completed the survey.

Effect of metformin on microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Examine the efficacy of metformin compared to placebo or other glucose-lowering medications on microvascular outcomes in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from database inception to March 2020. We included randomized clinical trials of patients with T2DM receiving metformin compared with another active glucose-lowering treatment or placebo in which a microvascular outcome was assessed.

Acute cerebrovascular events in severe and nonsevere COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The degree to which COVID-19 severity influences the development of acute cerebrovascular events (ACVE) is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to describe the prevalence and risk of ACVE in patients with severe and nonsevere COVID-19. We systematically reviewed MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus and identified observational and interventional studies of patients with COVID-19 allocated by respiratory severity that reported ACVE development.

Prevalence and associated characteristics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Mexico 5 months after pandemic arrival.

Background: Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies is now available in several world regions to better estimate transmission dynamics. However, to date, there is no epidemiological data regarding anti-SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in Mexico. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and define the clinical and demographic characteristics associated with seroprevalence.

Benefits and Harms of Levothyroxine/L-Triiodothyronine Versus Levothyroxine Monotherapy for Adult Patients with Hypothyroidism: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Combined therapy with levothyroxine (LT4)/L-triiodothyronine (LT3) has garnered attention among clinicians and patients as a potential treatment alternative to LT4 monotherapy. The objective of this study was to compare the benefits and harms of LT4/LT3 combined therapy and LT4 monotherapy for patients with hypothyroidism. A systematic search in MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was performed by a librarian from inception date until September 2020.

Values, preferences and burden of treatment for the initiation of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors in adult patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review.

Objectives: Assess values, preferences and burden of treatment that patients with type 2 diabetes consider when initiating glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) or sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) compared with other glucose-lowering options.

Methods: Paired reviewers independently included studies reporting quantitative or qualitative methods to assess values, preferences and burden of treatment reported by patients with type 2 diabetes regarding the initiation of GLP-1 RA or SGLT-2i over other alternatives. A systematic search in MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception until May 2020 was performed by an experienced librarian.

Variation in hypoglycemia ascertainment and report in type 2 diabetes observational studies: a meta-epidemiological study.

Introduction: Observational studies constitute an important evidence base for hypoglycemia in diabetes management. This requires consistent and reliable ascertainment and reporting methodology, particularly in studies of type 2 diabetes where hypoglycemia risk is heterogeneous. Therefore, we aimed to examine the definitions of hypoglycemia used by observational studies of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Arterial thrombosis and intracardiac thrombus as the initial presentation of a recurrent paraganglioma: case report and review of the literature.

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors that result in the uncontrolled release of catecholamines and secondary hypertension. They usually manifest with episodic blood pressure fluctuations, headaches and palpitations. In some cases PPGLs may be asymptomatic until they are detected as a diagnostic approach to other diseases.

Scoping review of COVID-19-related systematic reviews and meta-analyses: can we really have confidence in their results?

Aim: The aim of this study was to systematically appraise the quality of a sample of COVID-19-related systematic reviews (SRs) and discuss internal validity threats affecting the COVID-19 body of evidence.

Design: We conducted a scoping review of the literature. SRs with or without meta-analysis (MA) that evaluated clinical data, outcomes or treatments for patients with COVID-19 were included.

Prevalence of Diabetes and Hypertension and Their Associated Risks for Poor Outcomes in Covid-19 Patients.

Unlabelled: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has affected millions of people and may disproportionately affect those with hypertension and diabetes. Because of inadequate methods in published systematic reviews, the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension and associated risks of poor outcomes in Covid-19 patients are unknown. We searched databases from December 1, 2019, to April 6, 2020, and selected observational peer-reviewed studies in English of patients with Covid-19.