Antiplasmodial Activity of Probiotic YZ01 in ANKA Infected BALB/c Mice.

Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, with the deadliest infections caused by . In light of the escalating drug resistance and the limited effectiveness of available vaccines, innovative treatment approaches are urgently needed. This study explores the potential of the probiotic YZ01, isolated from traditionally fermented kindirmo milk, to modify host responses to ANKA infection.

Cocktail vaccine for the management of and .

Introduction: Globally, ticks rank second only to mosquitoes as vectors of deadly pathogens affecting humans and first in transmitting animal pathogens, presenting a significant challenge to human wellness and sustainability of livestock-based industries. Traditional tick control via chemical acaricides impacts on the environment and has led to the emergence of multi-acaricide-resistant tick populations. Use of immunoprophylactic, along with other components of integrated tick management, holds the potential to mitigate tick infestations in a sustainable manner.

Research and product development for Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever: priorities for 2024-30.

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a widely distributed and potentially fatal tick-borne viral disease with no licensed specific treatments or vaccines. In 2019, WHO published an advanced draft of a research and development roadmap for CCHF that prioritised the development and deployment of the medical countermeasures most needed by CCHF-affected countries. This Personal View presents updated CCHF research and development priorities and is the product of broad consultation with a working group of 20 leading experts in 2023-24.

Paratransgenic quantum vaccinology.

Tick vaccines are an environmentally friendly intervention for the prevention and control of tick-borne diseases affecting humans and animals worldwide. From our perspective, the challenges in tick vaccinology have encouraged the implementation of new interventions. In this opinion article we propose paratransgenic quantum vaccinology as a new approach that integrates platform trends in biotechnology, such as omics datasets combined with big data analytics, machine learning, and paratransgenesis with a systems biology perspective.

Solvothermal Polymerization of Diaminomaleonitrile Reveals Optimal Green Solvents for the Production of C=N-Based Polymers.

Solvothermal polymerization (STP) of diaminomaleonitrile (DAMN) was evaluated using a wide variety of solvents and in the temperature range from 80 to 170 °C. The highest yields, almost quantitative, were achieved with protic -alcohols such as -pentanol or -hexanol at 130 and 150 °C, respectively. The kinetic behavior was studied by gravimetry and the DAMN consumption was monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy and HPLC.

Interventions for the control of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and tick vectors.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic disease associated with its principal tick vector, Hyalomma spp. with increasing fatal incidence worldwide. Accordingly, CCHF is a World Health Organization-prioritized disease with the absence of effective preventive interventions and approved vaccines or effective treatments.

Machine learning algorithms for the evaluation of risk by tick-borne pathogens in Europe.

Background: Tick-borne pathogens pose a major threat to human health worldwide. Understanding the epidemiology of tick-borne diseases to reduce their impact on human health requires models covering large geographic areas and considering both the abiotic traits that affect tick presence, as well as the vertebrates used as hosts, vegetation, and land use. Herein, we integrated the public information available for Europe regarding the variables that may affect habitat suitability for ticks and hosts and tested five machine learning algorithms (MLA) for predicting the distribution of four prominent tick species across Europe.

LDL-c/HDL-c Ratio and NADPH-Oxidase-2-Derived Oxidative Stress as Main Determinants of Microvascular Endothelial Function in Morbidly Obese Subjects.

The identification of obese subjects at higher risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) is required. We aimed to characterize determinants of endothelial dysfunction, the initial step to CVD, in small omental arteries of visceral fat from obese subjects. The influences of analytical parameters and vascular oxidative stress mediated by NADPH-oxidase-2 (NOX2) on endothelial function were determined.

Evaluation of effectiveness and safety of Subolesin anti-tick vaccine in Ugandan multi-site field trial.

Vaccines are the most effective and sustainable intervention to control ticks and tick-borne diseases (TBD). Using a personalized vaccine design based on regional tick genotypes, a Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Subolesin protective antigen was used in a field trial evaluating tick vaccine efficacy, effectiveness, and safety in cattle infested with multiple tick species in different Ugandan agro-ecological zones. Vaccination with SUB was safe with a protective capacity against anemia and infection, and reduced the number of infested cattle, tick fitness (feeding and reproduction) with vaccine effectiveness against multiple tick species between 93.

De novo assembly of sialotranscriptome of Hyalomma anatolicum and insights into expression dynamics in response to Theileria annulata infection.

Hyalomma anatolicum is a tick of significant one-health importance due to its role as a vector for various pathogens affecting humans, animals and the environment, such as Theileria annulata, which causes tropical theileriosis in cattle, leading to severe economic losses. When infected with pathogens like T. annulata, the salivary glands of H.

Catastrophic selection: the other side of the coin.

Recently, a machine learning molecular de-extinction paleoproteomic approach was used to recover inactivated antimicrobial peptides to overcome the challenges posed by antibiotic-resistant pathogens. The authors showed the possibility of identifying lost molecules with antibacterial capacity, but the other side of the coin associated with catastrophic selection should be considered for the development of new pharmaceuticals.

Tick salivary proteome and lipidome with low glycan content correlate with allergic type reactions in the zebrafish model.

Ticks, as hematophagous ectoparasites, can manipulate host immune and metabolic processes, causing tick-borne allergies such as α-Gal syndrome (AGS). Glycolipids with bound galactose-alpha-1-3-galactose (α-Gal) are potential allergenic molecules associated with AGS. Nevertheless, proteins and lipids lacking α-Gal modifications may contribute to tick salivary allergies and be linked to AGS.

Interaction between spiders and ticks-ancient arthropod predatory behavior?

Ticks are ectoparasite vectors of pathogens affecting human and animal health worldwide. Rational integration of different control interventions including plant-derived repellents and acaricides, management of natural predators, and vaccines is required for innovative approaches to reduce the risks associated with ticks and tick-borne diseases. How tick populations are naturally controlled is always a question.

Potential of mRNA-based vaccines for the control of tick-borne pathogens in one health perspective.

The One Health approach, which integrates the health of humans, animals, plants, and ecosystems at various levels, is crucial for addressing interconnected health threats. This is complemented by the advent of mRNA vaccines, which have revolutionized disease prevention. They offer broad-spectrum effectiveness and can be rapidly customized to target specific pathogens.

Improved stability and specificity of baits for oral administration of substances to wild boar.

Oral vaccination is one of the most effective interventions for disease control in wildlife. As a result of the recent global reemergence of African swine fever and ongoing classical swine fever and animal tuberculosis, oral vaccination of Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa) receives increased interest. Several baits for wild boar and feral pigs have been described, but developing more stable and personalized formulations is important.

Machine learning in infectious diseases: potential applications and limitations.

Infectious diseases are a major threat for human and animal health worldwide. Artificial Intelligence (AI) combined algorithms including Machine Learning and Big Data analytics have emerged as a potential solution to analyse diverse datasets and face challenges posed by infectious diseases. In this commentary we explore the potential applications and limitations of ML to management of infectious disease.

Neuropathological lesions in intravenous BCG-stimulated K18-hACE2 mice challenged with SARS-CoV-2.

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, questions emerged about the potential effects of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine on the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, including the neurodegenerative diseases it may contribute to. To explore this, an experimental study was carried out in BCG-stimulated and non-stimulated k18-hACE2 mice challenged with SARS-CoV-2. Viral loads in tissues determined by RT-qPCR, histopathology in brain and lungs, immunohistochemical study in brain (IHC) as well as mortality rates, clinical signs and plasma inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers were assessed.

Zebrafish gut microbiota composition in response to tick saliva biomolecules correlates with allergic reactions to mammalian meat consumption.

The α-Gal syndrome (AGS) is an IgE-mediated tick borne-allergy that results in delayed anaphylaxis to the consumption of mammalian meat and products containing α-Gal. Considering that α-Gal-containing microbiota modulates natural antibody production to this glycan, this study aimed to evaluate the influence on tick salivary compounds on the gut microbiota composition in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) animal model. Sequencing of 16 S rDNA was performed in a total of 75 zebrafish intestine samples, representing different treatment groups: PBS control, Ixodes ricinus tick saliva, tick saliva non-protein fraction (NPF), tick saliva protein fraction (PF), and tick saliva protein fractions 1-5 with NPF (F1-5).