Percutaneous Vocal Fold Lateralization in children - a case series of a Brazilian tertiary pediatric hospital (pediatric vocal fold lateralization cases in a Brazilian hospital).

Objectives: Percutaneous Vocal Fold Lateralization (PVFL) consists of external fixation with non-absorbable percutaneous suture of the vocal fold in a lateral position, under direct glottic visualization. The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of PVFL in a university pediatric hospital, as well as to describe the potential risks and complications of the surgery.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study, with data collected from electronic medical records.

Position paper of diagnosis and treatment of post-extubation laryngitis in children: a multidisciplinary expert-based opinion.

Objectives: To make recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of post-extubation laryngitis (PEL) in children with or without other comorbidities.

Methods: A three-iterative modified Delphi method was applied. Specialists were recruited representing pediatric otolaryngologists, pediatric and neonatal intensivists.

Efficacy and predictors of success on laryngomalacia surgery: experience from a tertiary pediatric care center in Brazil.

Objectives: Laryngomalacia is the most common congenital cause of stridor; the natural history of the disease runs through to complete resolution by the age of two. Severe cases are characterized by cyanosis, hypoxia, apnea, furcular and/or subcostal retractions, aspirations, pulmonary hypertension, and failure to thrive and must undergo surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the success rates of supraglottoplasty in our hospital and evaluate the predictive factors for surgical success.

Surgery for Otitis Media with Effusion: A Survey of Otolaryngologists Who Treat Children in Brazil.

 Myringotomy and ear tube placement (MTP) is the surgical treatment for otitis media with effusion (OME), and it is the most common surgery performed in children. Several guidelines have been developed to assist in the care of patients who become candidates for MTP.  To evaluate the practice of Brazilian otorhinolarynogologists when performing MTP according to the years of clinical experience.

Surgical results of transcutaneous bone-anchored hearing aid comparing the C-shaped and linear incision techniques.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to compare the operative time and postoperative complication outcomes for bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA) implants using two different techniques: the C-shaped incision technique and the linear incision technique.

Methods: An analysis was carried out of 38 patients implanted with transcutaneous BAHAs during a 4-year period in a single otolaryngology department.

Results: The implantation was carried out under general anesthesia.

Comparison of Inlay Cartilage Butterfly and Underlay Temporal Fascia Tympanoplasty.

Objective: To systematically review the results of inlay cartilage butterfly tympanoplasty and standard underlay temporal fascia tympanoplasty for anatomic and functional end points.

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and Virtual Health Library (VHL/Lilacs) databases were searched from inception through April 2, 2021. No restrictions on language, publication year, or publication status were applied.

Comparison between endoscopic and microscopic butterfly cartilage graft inlay tympanoplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of endoscopic and microscopic approaches for butterfly cartilage graft inlay tympanoplasty regarding anatomical and hearing outcomes through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: A search of PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and Virtual Health Library was performed from inception to July 3rd, 2021, using keywords, such as tympanoplasty, cartilage graft, and inlay technique. Data from articles that met inclusion criteria were extracted by two authors independently.

Prevalence of COVID-19 in medical school and residency in Porto Alegre, RS.

Objective: A multicentric, cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence and risk factors for Coronavirus disease 2019 in medical students and residents from four universities and affiliated hospitals in Brazil.

Methods: A survey about contamination risk and symptoms was sent to all participants through email and WhatsApp. Prevalence was measured by the self-report of positive polymerase chain reaction or serological test.

COVID-19 in otolaryngologists: a cross-sectional multicenter study.

Introduction: The nose and throat are areas of high viral load, which could place otolaryngologists at an even higher risk for COVID-19 than other health-care workers.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in otorhinolaryngologists in southern Brazil, its relationship to demographic data, professional practice and reported symptoms of COVID-19, and compare it with official data on other health-care workers of the state and the general population in the same period.

Methods: In this cross-sectional multicenter study, otolaryngologists actively practicing officially registered in Rio Grande do Sul were screened for IgM and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 from August 1 to September 15, 2020.

Dipyrone as pre-emptive measure in postoperative analgesia after tonsillectomy in children: a systematic review.

Introduction: Tonsillectomy is the 2nd most common outpatient surgery performed on children in the United States of America. Its main complication is pain, which varies in intensity from moderate to severe. Dipyrone is one of the most widely used painkillers in the postoperative period in children.

Complications of tracheostomy in children: a systematic review.

Introduction: Tracheostomy is a procedure that can be associated with several well-described complications in the literature, which can be divided into transoperative, early postoperative and late postoperative. When performed in children, these risks are more common than in adults.

Objective: To perform a systematic review of complications, including deaths, in tracheostomized pediatric patients.

Hypopharyngeal packing during adenotonsillectomy by cold dissection in children: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Nausea and vomiting occur in up to 70% of children after adenotonsillectomy, ingested blood during procedure being one of the reasons for emesis. Hypopharyngeal packing (HP) is a common practice among otolaryngologists to prevent blood from being swallowed, but studies in nasal surgeries in adults failed to show efficacy of this technique in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). There are no studies evaluating the effect of HP in adenotonsillectomy in children.

Micronucleus count in nasal epithelial cells from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and polyps.

Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, a prevalent disease affecting around 2% of the world population, is characterized by symptomatic inflammation of the nasal mucosa and impairment of quality of life. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps has a multifactorial etiology, involving a dysfunctional host response to environmental factors. Thus, inflammatory models may be useful to shed light on the pathophysiology of this disease.

Rhinosinusitis symptoms, smoking and COPD: Prevalence and associations.

Objective (s): To estimate the prevalence and associations among rhinosinusitis symptoms, smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Population-based.

First Clinical Consensus and National Recommendations on Tracheostomized Children of the Brazilian Academy of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology (ABOPe) and Brazilian Society of Pediatrics (SBP).

Introduction: Tracheostomy is a procedure that can be performed in any age group, including children under 1year of age. Unfortunately health professionals in Brazil have great difficulty dealing with this condition due to the lack of standard care orientation.

Objective: This clinical consensus by Academia Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia Pediátrica (ABOPe) and Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria (SBP) aims to generate national recommendations on the care concerning tracheostomized children.

Erratum: Predictors of Success in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome with Mandibular Repositioning Appliance: A Systematic Review.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1393957.].

Predictors of success in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome with mandibular repositioning appliance: a systematic review.

Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome affects up to 4% of middle-aged men and 2% of adult women. It is associated with obesity. Objective The objective of this article is to review the literature to determine which factors best correlate with treatment success in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome treated with a mandibular repositioning appliance.

Laryngomalacia surgery: a series from a tertiary pediatric hospital.

Unlabelled: Laryngomalacia is the condition responsible for 75% of the cases of stridor in children aged up to 30 months, in which there is supraglottic collapse during inhalation. Inspiratory stridor is a characteristic telltale. As many as 20% of the patients are severely affected and require surgery.

Tranexamic acid in adenotonsillectomy in children: a double-blind randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: Adenotonsillectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures in pediatric otolaryngology, in which bleeding is a potential complication. We evaluated the efficacy of intravenous tranexamic acid in reducing intraoperative bleeding volume, and bleeding in the following 10 postoperative days in children who underwent adenotonsillectomy.

Design: Double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial.