The effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with diabetic foot ulcers: A preliminary study.

Introduction: Patients with an uncontrolled glycemic index develop a wide variety of pathologies associated with diabetes, such as diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is an adjunctive therapy used to heal wounds and prevent lower extremity amputations in this population.

Objective: This preliminary study aimed to evaluate how HBOT impacts inflammation in patients with Wagner stages 2-4 DFUs by analyzing its effect on the gene expression of key oxidative stress regulators SOD1, SOD2, and GPX2, of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, IL-4, and IL-12, and of the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Urine transferrin as an early endothelial dysfunction marker in type 2 diabetic patients without nephropathy: a case control study.

Background: Albumin, along with other proteins, is abnormally eliminated via the urine during early stages of diabetic nephropathy. Moreover, endothelial dysfunction (ED) accompanying early diabetic nephropathy may develop even before microalbuminuria is detectable. Transferrin has a molecular weight comparable to albumin, whereas transferrinuria and microalbuminuria in a 24-h urine sample may comparably reflect early diabetic nephropathy.