Triple nerve transfers for the management of early unilateral facial palsy.

Background: Early onset facial paralysis is usually managed with cross-face nerve grafts, however the low number of axons that reach the target muscle may result in weakness or failure. Multiple-source innervation, or 'supercharging', seeks to combine the advantages of different donor nerves while minimizing their weaknesses. We propose a combination of cross-face nerve grafts with local extra-facial nerve transfers to achieve earlier facial reanimation in our patients.

Craniofacial Fibrous Dysplasia: Surgical Management and Long-Term Outcomes at a Referral Center in Mexico City.

 Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (CFD) is an uncommon benign condition in which a bone is replaced by fibrous tissue. An adequate clinical characterization considering the number of affected bones and functional impairment is important to determine the most effective surgical intervention for its management. This study aims to present our institution's experience in the evaluation and management of CFD.

Dynamic reanimation of severe blepharoptosis using the neurotized omohyoid muscle graft.

Background: Attempts at dynamic reconstruction of the upper eyelid either by neurotization or direct muscle replacement have been scarce. Substitution of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle requires the use of extremely small and pliable structures. As a proof of concept/pilot study, we present a consecutive series of patients who underwent blepharoptosis correction using the neurotized omohyoid muscle graft.

Effect of Liposuction on Body Weight and Serum Concentrations of Leptin, Lipids, Glucose, and Insulin: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Abdominal obesity has been associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Central fat removal procedures such as liposuction, lipectomy, and abdominoplasty are among the most common surgical procedures. The impact of the latter on the former is controversial and understudied.

Development and Implementation of an Aesthetic Surgery Fellowship After Residency: The Universidad La Salle/Hospital Angeles Experience.

Background: Postgraduate training in plastic surgery is heterogeneous between countries, with exposure to aesthetic surgery being a reflection of this. Fellowships in Mexico have usually consisted of tutorial teaching, providing graduates with experience but a lack of formal structure. The aim of his work is to present a University-backed program focused on aesthetic surgery and propose the expansion of this kind of program.

Facial paralysis, etiology and surgical treatment in a tertiary care center in plastic and reconstructive surgery in Mexico.

Background: Facial paralysis is a frequent disabling entity that causes a negative impact on the cosmetic, functional, social, psychological and economic aspects of the patient. Surgical treatment aims to restore the patient to her previous life with the fewest possible sequelae.

Objective: Describe the experience of surgical management and propose a treatment algorithm.

Lower extremity nerve injuries and their management at a referral center in Mexico City.

Objetivo: Describir el manejo de las lesiones nerviosas de extremidad inferior atendidas en un centro de referencia en cirugía plástica y reconstructiva en la Ciudad de México.

MÉtodo: Estudio descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo, en el que se evaluaron los expedientes clínicos de pacientes atendidos por lesiones nerviosas de extremidad inferior entre 2010 y 2018.

Resultados: Se incluyeron 21 pacientes, 14 hombres (66.

Prevalence of Hand Malformations in Patients With Moebius Syndrome and Their Management.

Background: Moebius syndrome is a disorder characterized by facial and abducens nerve paralysis. Patients can present a wide range of upper extremity malformations. Literature focused on orthopedic manifestations of Moebius syndrome shows variability in the prevalence and clinical presentation of upper extremity anomalies.

Cephalometric Analysis of the Craniofacial Morphology in Patients With Moebius Syndrome.

Background: Patients with Moebius syndrome may present a wide range of associated orofacial malformations, however, their craniofacial morphology has not been established via controlled cephalometric studies.

Objective: To present our institution's findings in the cephalometric evaluation in patients with Moebius syndrome.

Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional study that included patients with Moebius syndrome over 9 years of age who had lateral cephalometric radiographs.

Carpometacarpal Joint Dislocations: Management and Long-Term Outcomes at a Specialized Hand Surgery Center in Latin America.

Carpometacarpal joint dislocations are uncommon hand injuries. These dislocations are usually misdiagnosed due to their non-specific clinical signs and tend to be difficult to identify in simple X-rays. We report our experience in the management of carpometacarpal bone dislocations at a specialized hand surgery center.

Changes in Electrical Activity of the Masseter Muscle and Masticatory Force after the Use of the Masseter Nerve as Donor in Facial Reanimation Surgery.

 The masseter nerve has been used as a donor nerve for facial reanimation procedures due to the multiple advantages it offers; it has been generally considered that sacrifice of the masseter nerve does not alter the masticatory apparatus; however, there are no objective studies to support this claim.  To evaluate the impact that the use of the masseter nerve in dynamic facial reconstruction has on the electrical activity of the masseter muscle and on bite force.  An observational and prospective longitudinal study was performed measuring bite force and electrical activity of the masseter muscles before and 3 months after dynamic facial reconstructive surgery using the masseter nerve.

Surgical Planning for Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis Using Low-Cost Three-Dimensional-Printed Anatomic Models.

Mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) is a fairly common procedure in specialized craniofacial surgery centers. The MDO is a minimally invasive technique that is able to generate new bone in patients with a severe hypoplastic ascending ramus, while also expanding the overlying soft tissues; therefore, it has become the treatment of choice for the surgical correction of mandibular hypoplasias. One of the most common postoperative complications involves misplacement of the distractor and/or corticotomy, which can result in the creation of an erroneous distraction vector.

Electromyographic evaluation of the facial and motor donor nerves before facial reanimation surgery in Moebius syndrome.

Background: Moebius syndrome is a clinical entity characterized by bilateral facial and abducens nerve palsies; other cranial nerver might be affected as well. So far, no studies have reported the electromyographic responses of the facial musculature in this group of patients.

Objective: The objective of our study is to describe the electromyographic responses of the facial muscle and the main donor nerves for facial reanimation in patients with Moebius syndrome.

Difficult Airway Identification and Management in Patients With Moebius Syndrome.

Background: Airway management in patients with Moebius syndrome can be difficult due to the presence of orofacial malformations. This paper aims to present our institution's experience in the evaluation and management of the upper airway in patients with Moebius syndrome METHODOLOGY:: The authors performed a retrospective study including every patient with Moebius syndrome submitted to surgery between 2012 and 2017. Difficult airway was defined as one requiring more than 2 attempts to achieve endotracheal tube placement, a Mallampati score equal or above III, a Cormack score equal or above III, or need of a fiberscope during intubation.

Bite force and electromyographic activity of the masseter muscle in children with hemifacial microsomia.

Hemifacial microsomia (HFM) is a malformation characterized by asymmetric facial growth with mandibular and muscular involvement. There are no reports focused on the functional status of the masticatory system of patients with HFM. The objective of this work evaluate bite force and electrical activity of masseter muscle in children with HFM, and compare them to healthy controls.

Surgical Resection of Vascular Lesions Involving the Buccal Fat Pad.

Vascular abnormalities are localized structural irregularities, which are performed during vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis. The involvement of soft tissue in such vascular malformations is frequent; however, the compromising of the buccal fat pads (Bichat bags) is uncommon, even in specialized centers, such as the plastic clinic of our institution, in which very few patients have been reported in the literature. The purpose of this article is to present a series of 2 patients in which vascular malformations involving the buccal fat pads, which were extracted by intraoral approach.

Dimensional Error in Rapid Prototyping with Open Source Software and Low-cost 3D-printer.

Rapid prototyping models (RPMs) had been extensively used in craniofacial and maxillofacial surgery, especially in areas such as orthognathic surgery, posttraumatic or oncological reconstructions, and implantology. Economic limitations are higher in developing countries such as Mexico, where resources dedicated to health care are limited, therefore limiting the use of RPM to few selected centers. This article aims to determine the dimensional error of a low-cost fused deposition modeling 3D printer (Tronxy P802MA, Shenzhen, Tronxy Technology Co), with Open source software.

Upper Extremity Patterns of Injury and Management at a Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Referral Center in Mexico City.

Background: Acute upper extremity injuries remain one of the most common consultations in the emergency departments for plastic surgery services. These injuries can affect a person's quality of life and negatively affect work-related or social interactions if not properly managed. We aim to evaluate our experience and management in a specialized referral center in Mexico City.

Mozart Ear Deformity: a Rare Diagnosis in the Ear Reconstruction Clinic.

Mozart ear is a rare auricular deformity; clinically the auricle is characterized by the bulging appearance of the anterosuperior portion of the auricle due to fusion of the crura of the antihelix, an inversion in the normal form of the cavum conchae resulting in its convexity and a slit-like narrowing of the orifice of the external auditory meatus.A retrospective review of clinical and photographic records of patients attended at the ear reconstruction clinic of our hospital between June of 2010 and May 2016 was performed; out of 576 consecutive patients only 3 fulfilled the inclusion criteria, with a prevalence of 0.5%.