Naringin improves post-ischemic myocardial injury by activation of K channels.

Naringin (NRG) is a flavonoid with recognized cardioprotective effects. Then, it was investigated the cardioprotective mechanisms of NRG against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The rats were pretreated for 7 days (v.

γ-Terpinene complexed with β-cyclodextrin attenuates spinal neuroactivity in animals with cancer pain by Ca2+ channel block.

Objectives: Considering that γ-terpinene (γ-TPN) is a monoterpene found in Cannabis oil, with high lipophilicity and limited pharmacokinetics, our objective was to evaluate whether its complexation in β-cyclodextrin (γ-TPN/β-CD) could improve its physicochemical properties and action on cancer pain, as well as verify the mechanisms of action involved.

Methods: The γ-TPN/β-CD was prepared and submitted to physicochemical characterization. Animals with sarcoma 180 were treated (vehicle, γ-TPN 50 mg/kg, γ-TPN/β-CD 5 mg/kg or morphine) and assessed for hyperalgesia, TNF-α and IL-1β levels, iNOS and c-Fos activity.

(-)-Carvone Modulates Intracellular Calcium Signaling with Antiarrhythmic Action in Rat Hearts.

Background: (-)-Carvone is a monoterpene found in essential oils with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

Objective: The aim of this paper was to analyze the antiarrhythmic property of (-)-carvone in the rat heart and its effects on the intracellular Ca2+ signaling.

Methods: The effects of (-)-carvone were evaluated on the ventricular (0.

SOCS2 expression in hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells during Trypanosoma cruzi infection: Correlation with immune response and cardiac dysfunction.

Chagas disease has a complex pathogenesis wherein the host immune response is essential for controlling its development. Suppressor of cytokine signaling(SOCS)2 is a crucial protein that regulates cytokine production. In this study, SOCS2 deficiency resulted in an initial imbalance of IL12- and IL-10-producing neutrophils and dendritic cells (DCs), which caused a long-lasting impact reducing inflammatory neutrophils and DCs, and tolerogenic DCs at the peak of acute disease.

Andrographolide protects against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats through inhibition of L-type Ca and increase of cardiac transient outward K currents.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the irreversible injury of the myocardium caused by prolonged myocardial ischemia and is a major cause of heart failure and eventual death among ischemic patients. The present study assessed the protective potentials of andrographolide against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Animals were randomly divided into four groups: Control (Ctr) group received 0.

Myocardial hypertrophy is prevented by farnesol through oxidative stress and ERK1/2 signaling pathways.

Farnesol is a sesquiterpene found in several plants, with multiple pharmacological activities. However, pharmacological actions of farnesol in the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy are not yet reported. This study aimed to investigate the effect and regulatory mechanisms of farnesol against isoproterenol-induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy.

Redox-Active Drug, MnTE-2-PyP, Prevents and Treats Cardiac Arrhythmias Preserving Heart Contractile Function.

Background: Cardiomyopathies remain among the leading causes of death worldwide, despite all efforts and important advances in the development of cardiovascular therapeutics, demonstrating the need for new solutions. Herein, we describe the effects of the redox-active therapeutic Mn(III) -tetrakis(-ethylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin, AEOL10113, BMX-010 (MnTE-2-PyP), on rat heart as an entry to new strategies to circumvent cardiomyopathies.

Methods: Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g were used in both and experiments, to analyze intracellular Ca dynamics, L-type Ca currents, Ca spark frequency, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and cardiomyocyte and cardiac contractility, in control and MnTE-2-PyP-treated cells, hearts, or animals.

Involvement of the PKA pathway and inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels in antihyperalgesic activity of Lippia grata/β-cyclodextrin.

Neuropathic pain (NP) is a difficult condition to treat because of the modest efficacy of available drugs. New treatments are required. In the study we aimed to investigate the effects of the essential oil from Lippia grata alone or complexed in β-cyclodextrin (LG or LG-βCD) on persistent inflammatory and neuropathic pain in a mouse model.

Calcium overload-induced arrhythmia is suppressed by farnesol in rat heart.

Cardiac arrhythmias are among the most important pathologies that lead to sudden death. The discovery of new therapeutic options against arrhythmias with low adverse effects is of paramount importance. Farnesol is found in essential oils with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties.

p-Cymene attenuates cancer pain via inhibitory pathways and modulation of calcium currents.

Background: Oncological pain is one of the most prevalent and difficult-to-treat symptoms in patients with cancer. p-Cymene (PC) is a monoterpene found in more than 100 different plant species, endowed with various pharmacological properties-particularly antinociceptive.

Hypothesis/purpose: PC has antinociceptive effect in a model of oncologic pain due to the activation of the descending inhibitory pathway of pain.

Nerol Attenuates Ouabain-Induced Arrhythmias.

Nerol (CHO) is a monoterpene found in many essential oils, such as lemon balm and hop. In this study, we explored the contractile and electrophysiological properties of nerol and demonstrated its antiarrhythmic effects in guinea pig heart preparation. Nerol effects were evaluated on atrial and ventricular tissue contractility, electrocardiogram (ECG), voltage-dependent L-type Ca current (I), and ouabain-triggered arrhythmias.

Negative inotropism of terpenes on guinea pig left atrium: structure-activity relationships.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the pharmacological effect of seven structurally related terpenes on the contractility of cardiac muscle. The effect of terpenes was studied on isolated electrically driven guinea pig left atrium. From concentration-response curves for inotropic effect were determined the EC and relative potency of such terpenes.

Cardioprotective Action of Extract against Sustained β-Adrenergic Stimulation Occurs via Activation of M/NO Pathway.

is the most popular phytotherapic agent used worldwide for treatment of several human disorders. However, the mechanisms involved in the protective actions of on cardiovascular diseases remain poorly elucidated. Taking into account recent studies showing beneficial actions of cholinergic signaling in the heart and the cholinergic hypothesis of -mediated neuroprotection, we aimed to investigate whether extract (GBE) promotes cardioprotection activation of cholinergic signaling in a model of isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy.

(-)-Terpinen-4-ol changes intracellular Ca handling and induces pacing disturbance in rat hearts.

(-)-Terpinen-4-ol is a naturally occurring plant monoterpene and has been shown to have a plethora of biological activities. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of (-)-terpinen-4-ol on the rat heart, a key player in the control and maintenance of arterial blood pressure. The effects of (-)-terpinen-4-ol on the rat heart were investigated using isolated left atrium isometric force measurements, in vivo electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings, patch clamp technique, and confocal microscopy.

Dissection of the Effects of Quercetin on Mouse Myocardium.

Quercetin is a plant flavonoid with several biological activities. This study aimed to describe quercetin effects on contractile and electrophysiological properties of the cardiac muscle as well as on calcium handling. Quercetin elicited positive inotropism that was significantly reduced by propranolol indicating an involvement of the sympathetic nervous system.

Pharmacological evaluation of R(+)-pulegone on cardiac excitability: role of potassium current blockage and control of action potential waveform.

Introduction: R(+)-pulegone is a ketone monoterpene and it is the main constituent of essential oils in several plants. Previous studies provided some evidence that R(+)-pulegone may act on isolated cardiac myocytes. In this study, we evaluated in extended detail, the pharmacological effects of R(+)-pulegone on cardiac tissue.

Geraniol blocks calcium and potassium channels in the mammalian myocardium: useful effects to treat arrhythmias.

Geraniol is a monoterpene present in several essential oils, and it is known to have a plethora of pharmacological activities. In this study, we explored the contractile and electrophysiological properties of geraniol and its antiarrhythmic effects in the heart. The geraniol effects on atrial contractility, L-type Ca(2+) current, K(+) currents, action potential (AP) parameters, ECG profile and on the arrhythmia induced by ouabain were evaluated.