Effect of transgenerational diabetes via maternal lineage in female rats.

Aim: To investigate the transgenerational effect of maternal hyperglycemia on oxidative stress markers, lipid profile, glycemia, pancreatic beta (β)-cells, and reproductive outcomes in the F2 adult generation. Additionally, to expand the knowledge on transgenerational diabetes the F3 generation at birth will be evaluated.

Methods: On day 5 of postnatal life female rat newborns (F0 generation) were distributed into two groups: Diabetic (Streptozotocin-STZ, 70 mg/kg body weight, subcutaneous route) and Control rats.

Insulin signaling and mitochondrial phenotype of skeletal muscle are programmed in utero by maternal diabetes.

Maternal diabetes may influence glucose metabolism in adult offspring, an area with limited research on underlying mechanisms. Our study explored the impact of maternal hyperglycemia during pregnancy on insulin resistance development. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats from control and diabetic mothers were mated, and their female offspring were monitored for 150 days.

Expression of β- and β-adrenergic receptors in oral squamous cell carcinoma and their association with psychological and clinical factors.

Background: Psychological stressors have been related to tumor progression through the activation of beta-adrenergic receptors (β-AR) in several types of cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the expressions of β- and β-AR and their association with psychological and clinicopathological variables in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: Tumor samples from 99 patients diagnosed with OSCC were subjected to immunohistochemical reaction to detect the expression of β-AR and β-AR.

Bloodstream Isolates: Investigation of Clonal Relationship, Resistance Profile, Virulence and Biofilm Formation.

has been recognized as a relevant opportunistic pathogen, particularly its persistence in neonatal ICUs around the world. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile of clinical isolates of and to characterize the factors involved in the persistence and pathogenesis of these strains isolated from blood cultures collected in a hospital in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 141 strains were submitted to detection of the gene and S typing by multiplex PCR.

Global neonatal perioperative mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Study Objective: There are large differences in health care among countries. A higher perioperative mortality rate (POMR) in neonates than in older children and adults has been recognized worldwide. The aim of this study was to provide a systematic review of published 24-h and 30-day POMRs in neonates from 2011 to 2022 in countries with different Human Development Index (HDI) levels.

Basal or stimulated thyroglobulin in evaluating response to treatment in papillary thyroid carcinoma? A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: It is not clear whether response to initial treatment in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients is best evaluated by measuring thyroglobulin (Tg) in the presence of levothyroxine (BTg) or when stimulated by elevated TSH (STg). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether response to therapy 1 year after initial treatment changes with the use of STg in relation to BTg in PTC patients treated with total thyroidectomy (TT) and radioiodine (I), and, if observed, to assess which response is better associated with clinical course.

Subjects And Methods: This is a retrospective study of 148 PTC patients submitted to TT and I.

Intergenerational Hyperglycemia Impairs Mitochondrial Function and Follicular Development and Causes Oxidative Stress in Rat Ovaries Independent of the Consumption of a High-Fat Diet.

We analyzed the influence of maternal hyperglycemia and the post-weaning consumption of a high-fat diet on the mitochondrial function and ovarian development of the adult pups of diabetic rats. Female rats received citrate buffer (Control-C) or Streptozotocin (for diabetes induction-D) on postnatal day 5. These adult rats were mated to obtain female pups (O) from control dams (OC) or from diabetic dams (OD), and they received a standard diet (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD) from weaning to adulthood and were distributed into OC/SD, OC/HFD, OD/SD, and OD/HFD.

Global anaesthesia-related cardiac arrest rates in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Neonates and infants have a higher perioperative risk of cardiac arrest and mortality than adults. The Human Development Index (HDI) ranges from 0 to 1, representing the lowest and highest levels of development, respectively. The relation between anaesthesia safety and country HDI has been described previously.

Impact of Obesity and Hyperglycemia on Pregnancy-specific Urinary Incontinence.

Objective:  The lack of data on the impact of hyperglycemia and obesity on the prevalence of pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence (PSUI) led us to conduct a cross-sectional study on the prevalence and characteristics of PSUI using validated questionnaires and clinical data.

Methods:  This cross-sectional study included 539 women with a gestational age of 34 weeks who visited a tertiary university hospital between 2015 and 2018. The main outcome measures were the prevalence of PSUI, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF), and the Incontinence Severity Index (ISI) questionnaires.

Late-Onset Sepsis in Very Low Birth Weight Premature Infants: A 10-Year Review of a Brazilian Tertiary University Hospital-the Challenge Remains.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the incidence of late-onset sepsis (LOS), associated risk factors, and short-term prognosis in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants in a 10-year period.

Study Design: A cohort study was conducted with 752 VLBW preterm infants-23 to 33 gestational weeks and 400 to 1,500 g birth weight-admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit from 2008 to 2017 and who survived over 72 hours. LOS was defined as clinical and laboratory signs of infection, whether or not confirmed by blood culture.

Calcium Supplementation on Glucose Tolerance, Oxidative Stress, and Reproductive Outcomes of Diabetic Rats and Their Offspring.

Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of obstetric complications, morbidity, and infant mortality. Controlled nutritional therapy with micronutrients has been employed. However, the effect of calcium (Ca) supplementation on diabetic pregnancy is unclear.

Oxidative status in colostrum and mature breast milk related to gestational age and fetal growth.

Introduction: The effect of gestational age and fetal growth on the oxidant/antioxidant status of breast milk is poorly understood.

Objective: To evaluate the oxidative stress biomarkers in colostrum and mature milk according to gestational age and fetal growth.

Method: A longitudinal study with mothers of premature and term infants, born in a tertiary referral hospital between 2014-2018.

Severe Diabetes Induction as a Generational Model for Growth Restriction of Rat.

We used uncontrolled maternal diabetes as a model to provoke fetal growth restriction in the female in the first generation (F) and to evaluate reproductive outcomes and the possible changes in metabolic systems during pregnancy, as well as the repercussions at birth in the second generation (F). For this, nondiabetic and streptozotocin-induced severely diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats were mated to obtain female pups (F), which were classified as adequate (AGA) or small (SGA) for gestational weight. Afterward, we composed two groups: F AGA from nondiabetic dams (Control) and F SGA from severely diabetic dams (Restricted) (n minimum = 10 animals/groups).

Exposure to intrauterine diabetes and post-natal high-fat diet: Effects on the endocrine pancreas of adult rat female pups.

Aims: To evaluate the morphological changes in the pancreatic islet cells of adult female pups born to diabetic rats and fed a high-fat diet.

Main Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were distributed into four experimental groups (n = 10 animals/group): 1) female pups from non-diabetic dams and fed a standard diet (OC/SD), 2) female pups from non-diabetic dams and fed a high-fat (OC/HFD), 3) female pups from diabetic dams and fed a standard diet (OD/SD) and 4) female pups from diabetic dams and fed a high-fat diet (OD/HFD). In adulthood, the rats were submitted to the oral glucose tolerance test and later euthanized to collect the pancreas for the analysis of pancreatic islets.

Nursing workload associated with neonatal mortality risk: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: to analyze the association between nursing workload and neonatal mortality risk in newborns admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Methods: this is an observational, cross-sectional study conducted from January 2019 to January 2020.

Results: the sample consisted of 399 newborns, 55.

Nonpregnant and pregnant adult female rats affected by maternal diabetes environment.

Maternal diabetes-mediated fetal programming is widely discussed, however, it is important to define the extent to which intrauterine hyperglycemia interferes with the health of female pups, along with determining whether these changes can be perpetuated across generations. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of maternal diabetes on fetal programming and the repercussions on the metabolism of pregnant and nonpregnant female pups. Diabetes status was induced (diabetic group-D) using streptozotocin (a beta cell cytotoxic drug) on the fifth postnatal day of female rats, while controls received a citrate buffer (Control-C).

Impact of early-onset preeclampsia on feeding tolerance and growth of very low birth weight infants during hospitalization.

Objective: The provision of adequate enteral nutrition to preterm infants is a great challenge, and preeclampsia (PE) may have a detrimental effect on the safety of nutrition supply. This study aims to investigate the influence of early-onset PE on preterm infants' enteral feeding tolerance and growth during hospitalization.

Methods: This is a prospective study with 55 preterm infants <34 weeks born to PE mothers matched by gestational age with 55 preterm infants born to normotensive mothers from 2013 to 2016.

Benefits of Vitamin D Supplementation on Pregnancy of Rats with Pregestational Diabetes and Their Offspring.

Studies on vitamin D supplementation have been performed in experimental and clinical investigations considering gestational diabetes and/or vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy. However, the results are controversial and few present the effects and mechanisms of this micronutrient on pregestational diabetes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on the pregnancy of rats with pre-existing diabetes and their fetuses.

Predisposing factors for increased cortisol levels in oral cancer patients.

Cancer patients may have a dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and abnormal secretion of cortisol. Increased cortisol levels have been associated with worse prognosis in patients with different types of tumors. Although anxiety and depression can trigger an abnormal cortisol secretion, little is known regarding the influence of these emotional disorders on HPA axis dysregulation in cancer patients when evaluating together with demographic, clinicopathological and biobehavioral variables.

Maternal Diabetes and Postnatal High-Fat Diet on Pregnant Offspring.

Maternal diabetes-induced fetal programming predisposes offspring to type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity in adulthood. However, lifelong health and disease trajectories depend on several factors and nutrition is one of the main ones. We intend to understand the role of maternal diabetes-induced fetal programming and its association with a high-fat diet during lifelong in the female F1 generation focusing on reproductive outcomes and the possible changes in physiological systems during pregnancy as well as the repercussions on the F2 generation at birth.

Trend in physical activity patterns of pregnant women living in Brazilian capitals.

Objectives: To describe the trend of physical activity (PhA) in four domains performed by pregnant women living in Brazilian capitals and the Federal District (FD) and to verify the association between sociodemographic factors and the practice of leisure-time physical activity between 2007 and 2017.

Methods: Time trend study carried out with data from the Surveillance System of Risk Factors for chronic diseases by telephone survey (Vigitel). A total of 3,730 pregnant women were interviewed in the period, considering sociodemographic variables (age, macro-region, work, marital status, schooling, skin color) and physical activity in the four domains (leisure-time, work, commuting, domestic - yes/no).

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen for use in Brazil.

Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and neurological disability in the world. Several scales help professionals in the early recognition of the disease. However, none of these were developed in Brazil.

Exposure to maternal hyperglycemia and high-fat diet consumption after weaning in rats: repercussions on periovarian adipose tissue.

Clinical and epidemiological studies show that maternal hyperglycemia can change the programming of offspring leading to transgenerational effects. These changes may be related to environmental factors, such as high-fat diet (HFD) consumption, and contribute to the comorbidity onset at the adulthood of the offspring. The objective of this study was to evaluate the hyperglycemic intrauterine environment, associated or not with an HFD administered from weaning to adult life on the periovarian adipose tissue of rat offspring Maternal diabetes was chemically induced by Streptozotocin.