Drone imagery dataset for early-season weed classification in maize and tomato crops.

Identifying weed species at early-growth stages is critical for precision agriculture. Accurate classification at the species-level enables targeted control measures, significantly reducing pesticide use. This paper presents a dataset of RGB images captured with a Sony ILCE-6300L camera mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flying at an altitude of 11 m above ground level.

Evaluation of the mesenteric arterial vasculature by computed tomography angiography and its implications for colorectal cancer surgery.

Objective: To determine the branching patterns of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) and to describe the clinical applicability of computed tomography (CT) angiography in the evaluation of these vessels to facilitate the planning of colorectal cancer surgery.

Materials And Methods: We included 100 patients who underwent CT angiography of the abdomen and pelvis. The branching patterns of the IMA were examined and classified as type 1 (bifurcated), including 1A (sigmoid and left colic arteries arising from a common trunk), 1B (sigmoid and superior rectal arteries arising from a common trunk) and 1C (sigmoid arteries arising from both trunks); type 2 (trifurcated); and type 3 (no left colic branch).

Boosting precision crop protection towards agriculture 5.0 machine learning and emerging technologies: A contextual review.

Crop protection is a key activity for the sustainability and feasibility of agriculture in a current context of climate change, which is causing the destabilization of agricultural practices and an increase in the incidence of current or invasive pests, and a growing world population that requires guaranteeing the food supply chain and ensuring food security. In view of these events, this article provides a contextual review in six sections on the role of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) and other emerging technologies to solve current and future challenges of crop protection. Over time, crop protection has progressed from a primitive agriculture 1.

Plant functional diversity is affected by weed management through processes of trait convergence and divergence.

Weed management involving tillage and/or herbicides has generally led to a decline of plant diversity in agroecosystems, with negative impacts on ecosystem services provision. The use of plant covers has become the predominant alternative in vineyard management, with numerous studies focusing on analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of plant covers compared to the aforementioned management. Although the impacts of weed management on taxonomic diversity have been widely studied, many gaps remain on their effects on plant functional diversity.

Use of Under-Vine Living Mulches to Control Noxious Weeds in Irrigated Mediterranean Vineyards.

This article assesses the use of under-vine living mulches in Mediterranean vineyards characterized by limited water resources, one of the reasons why this agronomic practice is currently unusual in these environments. The aim of the study was to test whether the use of this alternative method in Mediterranean vineyards could suppress noxious weeds without hindering optimal vineyard development. For this purpose, four native species were selected as living mulches: , , , and .

Is Pasture Cropping a Valid Weed Management Tool.

The aim of the present work was to study the feasibility of pasture cropping under the Mediterranean conditions prevailing in central Spain and its potential as a weed management tool. Three cropping systems were assessed: conventionally grown winter barley and winter barley in pasture cropping with two perennial summer species, and . The results showed that the growth of these two species in a pasture cropping system was limited by the severe drought conditions and high temperatures present during the summer in some of the study years.

Three-Dimensional Modeling of Weed Plants Using Low-Cost Photogrammetry.

Sensing advances in plant phenotyping are of vital importance in basic and applied plant research. Plant phenotyping enables the modeling of complex shapes, which is useful, for example, in decision-making for agronomic management. In this sense, 3D processing algorithms for plant modeling is expanding rapidly with the emergence of new sensors and techniques designed to morphologically characterize.

Influence of Wind Speed on RGB-D Images in Tree Plantations.

Weather conditions can affect sensors' readings when sampling outdoors. Although sensors are usually set up covering a wide range of conditions, their operational range must be established. In recent years, depth cameras have been shown as a promising tool for plant phenotyping and other related uses.

An Approach to the Use of Depth Cameras for Weed Volume Estimation.

The use of depth cameras in precision agriculture is increasing day by day. This type of sensor has been used for the plant structure characterization of several crops. However, the discrimination of small plants, such as weeds, is still a challenge within agricultural fields.

Functionality of Selected Aromatic Lamiaceae in Attracting Pollinators in Central Spain.

Planting floral margins in agricultural landscapes has been shown to increase the abundance of pollinators in agro-ecosystems. However, to create efficient margins, it is necessary to use attractive, not weedy native plants with different blooming periods to prolong the availability of floral resources. Six native perennial plants of the Lamiaceae with different blooming periods were studied in a randomized block design, with the final aim to select the most efficient plants in floral mixtures by studying relationships between their floral phenology, floral density, and attractiveness to pollinators in Central Spain.

Matching the best viewing angle in depth cameras for biomass estimation based on poplar seedling geometry.

In energy crops for biomass production a proper plant structure is important to optimize wood yields. A precise crop characterization in early stages may contribute to the choice of proper cropping techniques. This study assesses the potential of the Microsoft Kinect for Windows v.

A novel approach for weed type classification based on shape descriptors and a fuzzy decision-making method.

An important objective in weed management is the discrimination between grasses (monocots) and broad-leaved weeds (dicots), because these two weed groups can be appropriately controlled by specific herbicides. In fact, efficiency is higher if selective treatment is performed for each type of infestation instead of using a broadcast herbicide on the whole surface. This work proposes a strategy where weeds are characterised by a set of shape descriptors (the seven Hu moments and six geometric shape descriptors).

Discriminating crop, weeds and soil surface with a terrestrial LIDAR sensor.

In this study, the evaluation of the accuracy and performance of a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) sensor for vegetation using distance and reflection measurements aiming to detect and discriminate maize plants and weeds from soil surface was done. The study continues a previous work carried out in a maize field in Spain with a LIDAR sensor using exclusively one index, the height profile. The current system uses a combination of the two mentioned indexes.

Accuracy and feasibility of optoelectronic sensors for weed mapping in wide row crops.

The main objectives of this study were to assess the accuracy of a ground-based weed mapping system that included optoelectronic sensors for weed detection, and to determine the sampling resolution required for accurate weed maps in maize crops. The optoelectronic sensors were located in the inter-row area of maize to distinguish weeds against soil background. The system was evaluated in three maize fields in the early spring.

Fungal biotransformation products of dehydroabietic acid.

Dehydroabietic acid (DHA) (1) is one of the main compounds in Scots pine wood responsible for aquatic and microbial toxicity. The degradation of 1 by Trametes versicolor and Phlebiopsis gigantea in liquid stationary cultures was followed by HPLC-DAD-ELSD. Both fungi rapidly degraded DHA relative to a control.

[Post-radiotherapy telangiectasias. Treatment with pulsed-dye laser. Sequential histological studies].

Chronic radiodermatitis after radiotherapy is a frequent sequela that may be worrying for the patient. Few cases have been published in the literature in which pulsed-dye laser has been used in the treatment of telangiectasias that appeared after radiotherapy for breast cancer. We present a female patient with radiodermatitis on the neck after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Sorption-desorption of alachlor and linuron in a semiarid soil as influenced by organic matter properties after 16 years of periodic inputs.

The effect of management practices on soil potential for regulating the residual concentration of pesticides was examined in samples from a Calcic Haploxeralf in Toledo (central Spain). Sorption-desorption of alachlor and linuron was found to depend on inputs of lignocelullosic wastes or cattle manure for the past 16 years. For a given herbicide, the soil sorption capacity (K(f)) follows the order control < crop residues < manure, which is consistent with the organic C content in the soil samples.