Quantum Relative Entropy of Tagging and Thermodynamics.

Thermodynamics establishes a relation between the work that can be obtained in a transformation of a physical system and its relative entropy with respect to the equilibrium state. It also describes how the bits of an informational reservoir can be traded for work using Heat Engines. Therefore, an indirect relation between the relative entropy and the informational bits is implied.

Quantum Information Remote Carnot Engines and Voltage Transformers.

A physical system out of thermal equilibrium is a resource for obtaining useful work when a heat bath at some temperature is available. Information Heat Engines are the devices which generalize the Szilard cylinders and make use of the celebrated Maxwell demons to this end. In this paper, we consider a thermo-chemical reservoir of electrons which can be exchanged for entropy and work.

Windowed defocused photographic speckle vibration measurement.

The out-of-plane vibration of a rough surface causes an in-plane vibration of its speckle pattern when observed with a defocused optical photographic system. If the frequency of the oscillations is high enough, a time-averaged specklegram is recorded from which the amplitude of the vibration can be estimated. The statistical character of speckle distributions along with the pixel sampling and intensity analog-to-digital conversion inherent to electronic cameras degrade the accuracy of the amplitude measurement to an extent that is analyzed and experimentally tested in this paper.

Adaptive aperture defocused digital speckle photography.

Speckle photography can be used to monitor deformations of solid surfaces. Its measuring characteristics, such as range or lateral resolution, depend heavily on the optical recording and illumination setup. I show how, by the addition of two suitably perforated masks, the effective optical aperture of the system may vary from point to point of the surface, accordingly adapting the range and resolution to local requirements.

Multiwindowed defocused electronic speckle photographic system for tilt measurement.

Defocused speckle photography has long been used to measure rotations of rough surfaces. By addition of a suitably perforated mask, some measurement properties, such as range and lateral resolution, may be changed at will. In particular, the maximum measurable tilt can be significantly increased, although at the expense of poorer lateral resolution.