A peculiar new species of Dione (Agraulis) Boisduval & Le Conte (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) associated with Ruiz & Pavón (Passifloraceae) in xeric western slopes of the Andes.

Butterflies associated with xerophytic environments of the Andes have been little studied, and they exhibit high levels of endemism. Herein Dione (Agraulis) dodona Lamas & Farfán, (Nymphalidae; Heliconiinae) is described, distributed on the western slopes of the Andes of Peru and northern Chile, between 800 and 3,000 m elevation. Adults of both sexes, and the immature stages, are described and illustrated based on light and scanning electron microscopy.

Considerations on the Systematics of Neotropical Pierina, with the Description of Two New Species of Phulia Herrich-Schäffer from the Peruvian Andes (Lepidoptera: Pieridae, Pierinae, Pierini).

A comparative analysis of high-Andean Pierina was carried out, including a total of 25 species. Based on morphological evidence, with an emphasis on venation and genitalia and molecular data, using three genetic markers, we confirm the recent subjective synonymy of the generic names Tatochila Butler, 1870, Piercolias, Staudinger, 1894, Hypsochila Ureta, 1955, Infraphulia Field, 1958, Pierphulia Field, 1958, and Theochila Field, 1958 with Phulia Herrich-Schäffer, 1867. Two new species are described, namely Phulia stoddardi Pyrcz & Cerdeña n.

Host Plant Variation and Lack of Genetic Differentiation in Populations of () Lamas & Farfán (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae).

() (Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) is a butterfly restricted to the western slopes of the Andes of Peru and Chile and is associated with in xerophytic environments. In this study, we found six additional species of host plants for () belonging to the genus (Passifloraceae). We used mitochondrial DNA sequences (COI) and microsatellites to screen genetic variation and investigate population structure in six geographic disjointed populations of .

An Endemic and Endangered New Species of the Lizard Group from Southwestern Peru (Iguania: Liolaemidae), with a Key for the Species of the Clade.

The southwestern Andes of Peru harbor a hidden taxonomic diversity of reptiles. We describe a new species of Wiegmann (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from xerophytic environments of the southwestern slopes of the Andes of Peru, 2,400-2,900 m asl. The new species, previously considered to be a population of Cei, exhibits unique diagnostic characters of morphology, scalation and color pattern, and molecular evidence that suggest that it belongs in the species group and the clade.

Contributions to the knowledge of Neotropical Lycaenidae: taxonomy of Johnsonita/ Salazar amp; Constantino, 1995 with descriptions of seven new species (Theclinae: Eumaeini).

The Transandean-Andean genus Johnsonita Salazar Constantino, 1995 is revised on the basis of wing and genitalia morphology. Apart from eight species formerly placed in Johnsonita (Thecla assula Draudt, 1919; Thecla auda Hewitson, 1867; Thecla catadupa Hewitson, 1869; Thecla chaluma Schaus, 1902, Thecla chlamydem Druce, 1907; Thecla pardoa d'Abrera, 1995; Johnsonita johnsoni Salazar Constantino, 1995 and Johnsonita johnbanksi Bálint, 2003), seven new species are described: Johnsonita carpia Bálint, Boyer Pyrcz, sp. n.

sp. nov.: a new species of leaf-miner associated with (Asteraceae) from Southern Peru (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae).

The southwestern Andes of Peru harbors a hidden taxonomic diversity of Lepidoptera. Here a new leaf-mining species of Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera) is described, Vargas & Cerdeña, , from a dry Andean valley of southern Peru, at 2400 m above sea level. The morphological aspects of adults (male and female) and the immature stages associated with Meyen & Walp.

Cryptic Diversity in the Monotypic Neotropical Micromoth Genus (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in the Peru-Chile Desert.

(Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae: Oecophyllembiinae) is considered a monotypic Neotropical genus of leaf miner micromoths known only from a few valleys of the arid environments of the Peru-Chile desert, particularly the southernmost part of Peru and northernmost part of Chile (type locality), where natural populations of its primary host plant occur. The geographic distribution of potential host plants provides a scenario for a wider range for this micromoth genus. The aims of this study were to explore the geographic range of , determine the spatial distribution of mitochondrial lineages, and test lineage conspecificity hypotheses.

A new species of Mathania Oberthür, 1890 from Peru (Lepidoptera, Pieridae).

A new species of the genus Mathania Oberthür, 1890, M. hughesi Lamas, Farfán Cerdeña, sp. n.

Systematic revision of the Andean butterfly genus Orophila Staudinger, 1886 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Biblidinae).

A systematic review of the Neotropical butterfly genus Orophila Staudinger, 1886 based on morphological characters and geographical distribution is presented. Four species are recognized: O. campaspe (Hewitson, 1869) stat.