Equid herpesvirus 1 and rhodococcus equi coinfection in a foal with bronchointerstitial pneumonia.

A 2-month-old foal with septic shock and severe respiratory distress was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Due to poor prognosis, the foal was euthanized. Histopathology showed lesions suggestive of Rhodococcus equi infection associated with a diffuse interstitial infiltrate of foamy macrophages and syncytial cells presenting large acidophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies, fibrin exudates and hyaline membranes.

Granulomatous giant cell submandibular sialadenitis in a dog.

A 4-month-old dog was presented with a progressive swelling of the submandibular area. The history, course, cytological, and sialographic findings were consistent with an aseptic pyogranulomatous sialadenitis with concurrent duct blockage. This rare entity, responsive to medical treatment, appears to be similar to the granulomatous giant cell sialadenitis of humans.

Effect of calcium and the calcimimetic AMG 641 on matrix-Gla protein in vascular smooth muscle cells.

Vascular calcification (VC) is frequently observed in patients with chronic renal failure and appears to be an active process involving transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to osteoblast-like cells. Reports of VC prevention in uremic rodents by calcimimetics coupled with identification of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in VSMCs led us to hypothesize that CaSR activation in arterial cells and VSMCs may elicit expression of an endogenous inhibitor of VC. Toward this end, we determined the effects of calcium and the calcimimetic AMG 641 on arterial wall and isolated VSMC expression of matrix-Gla protein (MGP).

Darbepoetin-α treatment enhances glomerular regenerative process in the Thy-1 glomerulonephritis model.

Recent studies have demonstrated that erythropoietin (EPO) and its analogs induce cytoprotective effects on many nonerythroid cells. In this study, we examined whether darbepoetin-α might prevent glomerular lesions in the Thy-1.1 model of glomerulonephritis (Thy-1-GN).

Upregulation of parathyroid VDR expression by extracellular calcium is mediated by ERK1/2-MAPK signaling pathway.

We have previously demonstrated that the activation of rat parathyroid calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) upregulates VDR expression in vivo (Garfia B, Cañadillas S, Luque F, Siendones E, Quesada M, Almadén Y, Aguilera-Tejero E, Rodríguez M. J Am Soc Nephrol 13: 2945-2952, 2002; Rodriguez ME, Almaden Y, Cañadillas S, Canalejo A, Siendones E, Lopez I, Aguilera-Tejero E, Martin D, Rodriguez M. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 292: F1390-F1395, 2007).

Effects of intensity and duration of exercise on muscular responses to training of thoroughbred racehorses.

This study examined the effects of the intensity and duration of exercise on the nature and magnitude of training adaptations in muscle of adolescent (2-3 yr old) racehorses. Six thoroughbreds that had been pretrained for 2 mo performed six consecutive conditioning programs of varying lactate-guided intensities [velocities eliciting blood lactate concentrations of 2.5 mmol/l (v2.

Role of acidosis-induced increases in calcium on PTH secretion in acute metabolic and respiratory acidosis in the dog.

Recently, we showed that both acute metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis stimulate parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion in the dog. To evaluate the specific effect of acidosis, ionized calcium (iCa) was clamped at a normal value. Because iCa values normally increase during acute acidosis, we now have studied the PTH response to acute metabolic and respiratory acidosis in dogs in which the iCa concentration was allowed to increase (nonclamped) compared with dogs with a normal iCa concentration (clamped).

Direct suppressive effect of acute metabolic and respiratory alkalosis on parathyroid hormone secretion in the dog.

Unlabelled: Acute alkalosis may directly affect PTH secretion. The effect of acute metabolic and respiratory alkalosis was studied in 20 dogs. PTH values were lower in the metabolic (5.

Direct effect of acute metabolic and respiratory acidosis on parathyroid hormone secretion in the dog.

Because both metabolic (Met Acid) and respiratory acidosis (Resp Acid) have diverse effects on mineral metabolism, it has been difficult to establish whether acidosis directly affects parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. Our goal was to determine whether acute Met Acid and Resp Acid directly affected PTH secretion. Three groups of dogs were studied: control, acute Met Acid induced by HCl infusion, and acute Resp Acid induced by hypoventilation.