Development of a Qualitative Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Test to Identify Patients Failing First-Line Therapy to Non-Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can be compromised by selection of drug resistance strains, which can be promoted by lack of adherence during therapy and drug tolerance, and some of these drug-resistant strains can persist for years as minority populations. The K103N drug resistance mutation is selected by the use of non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors, including nevirapine or efavirenz (EFV), used in low-income countries. Here we describe the use of a less expensive qualitative point mutation polymerase chain reaction (PMqPCR) targeting K103N mutation.