Binocular vision changes in university students: a 3-year longitudinal study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in accommodation and binocular vision parameters during a period of 3 years and to evaluate their potential influence on the refractive changes observed over the same period of time in a population of university students in Portugal.

Methods: A 3-year longitudinal study was conducted comprising 118 young adults (34 males and 84 females; mean age: 20.6 +/- 2.

External factors affecting data acquisition during corneal topography examination.

Purpose: To analyze the factors affecting data acquisition during corneal topography examination with the Medmont E-300 videokeratoscope and to provide strategies to minimize their effects.

Methods: Sixty eyes from thirty young adults were examined. A second observer registered incidences with the potential to affect data acquisition.