Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics of a Cohort of HIV-Infected Mother-Infant Pairs During 21 Years.

Background: HIV infection continues to be a worldwide public health problem. After the introduction of effective preventive measures, perinatal transmission dramatically decreased. Our aim was to assess the sociodemographic changes in pregnant women living with HIV infection and trends in perinatal transmission rates over time.

Safety and Experience With Combined Antiretroviral Prophylaxis in Newborn at High-risk of Perinatal HIV Infection, in a Cohort of Mother Living With HIV-infant Pairs.

Background: Perinatal transmission of HIV has dramatically decreased in high-income countries in the last few years with current rates below 1%, but it still occurs in high-risk situations, mainly pregnant women with late diagnosis of infection, poor antiretroviral adherence and a high viral load (VL). In these high-risk situations, many providers recommend combined neonatal prophylaxis (CNP). Our aim was to evaluate the safety and toxicity of CNP in infants deemed at high-risk of HIV infection among mother-infant pairs in the Madrid Cohort.

Effect of intrahospital growth rate on somatometric measurements at 2 years old in children with a birth weight of less than 1500 grams.

Objective: To determine the association between intrahospital growth rate (GR) and breast milk fortification and somatometry, and risk for death after discharge or severe disability at 2 years of corrected age (CA).

Population And Method: Retrospective analysis of GR and subsequent course. Infants born in the 1990-2015 period with a birth weight < 1500 g were included.

[Cord blood procalcitonin in the assessment of early-onset neonatal sepsis].

Introduction: Early diagnosis of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. Procalcitonin (PCT) in cord blood could provide a diagnosis of infected patients from birth.

Objective: To study the usefulness and safety of a procedure for the evaluation of newborns at risk of EONS, based on the determination of PCT in cord blood.