Perinatal HCV Transmission Rate in HIV/HCV Coinfected women with access to ART in Madrid, Spain.

Background: Maternal HIV coinfection is a key factor for mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HCV. However, data about HCV MTCT in HIV/HCV-coinfected pregnant women on combined antiretroviral treatment (ART) are scarce. This study assessed the HCV MTCT rate in the Madrid Cohort of HIV-infected women.

Lipid and glucose alterations in perinatally-acquired HIV-infected adolescents and young adults.

Background: Successful antiretroviral therapy (ART) has dramatically reduced mortality among HIV-infected children. However, there is growing concern about long-term effects associated to ART. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic abnormalities in a cohort of perinatally HIV-infected adolescents and young adults and to identify associated factors.

Once-daily antiretroviral therapy in a cohort of HIV-infected children and adolescents.

We evaluated the evolution over time of once-daily antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected children and its relationship with adherence. An increase on the prevalence of once-daily antiretroviral therapy was observed over time (from 0.9% in 2002 to 44.

Birth defects in a cohort of infants born to HIV-infected women in Spain, 2000-2009.

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) in pregnancy has resulted in a marked impact on reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MCT) of HIV. However the safety of in utero ART exposure in newborns remains a concern.

Methods: A multicenter prospective observational study of HIV-infected mother and their infants was performed in Madrid, Spain, from 2000 to 2009.

Low rates of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 and risk factors for infection in Spain: 2000-2007.

Background: The objective of the study was to describe temporal patterns in the management of HIV-1 infected women and their newborns and the changes over time in the mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) rates and risk factors.

Methods: A multicenter prospective observational study was performed in Madrid, Spain, from 2000 to 2007. Cohort period 1 (CP1) included births in 2000-2003 and cohort period 2 (CP2) included births in 2004-2007.

[New diagnosis of HIV infection in children].

Introduction: The number of children of immigrant origin in the last few years has increased the cohort of HIV-infected children in the Community of Madrid. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the new diagnosed children and describe the different subtypes of HIV-1.

Patients And Methods: The new diagnosed children were analysed from the year 1997, divided into 3 periods: P1 (1997-2000), P2 (2001-2004), P3 (2005-2009).

Impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on AIDS and death in a cohort of vertically HIV type 1-infected children: 1980-2006.

We evaluated the population effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on the risk of AIDS and death in a multicenter cohort of 346 HIV-1 vertically infected children born between 1980 and 2006 in the Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (CAM), Spain. Risks of AIDS and death in patients with the same duration of HIV infection were compared in different calendar periods [CP1: 1980-1989, CP2: 1990-1993 (reference), CP3: 1994-1996, CP4: 1997-1998, CP5: 1999-2006] through cumulative incidence curves and Cox proportional hazards models, allowing for late entry, that included the calendar period as the time-dependent covariate and adjusting for gender and mother's transmission category. The median follow-up was 11.

[Recommendations of the CEVIHP/SEIP/AEP/PNS on antiretroviral treatment in HIV-infected children and teenagers].

Objective: To update antiretroviral recommendations in antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected children and adolescents.

Methods: Theses guidelines have been formulated by a panel of members of the Plan Nacional sobre el SIDA (PNS) and the Asociacion Espanola de Pediatria (AEP) by reviewing the current available evidence of efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics in pediatric studies. Three levels of evidence have been defined according to the source of data: Level A: randomized and controlled studies; Level B: Cohort and case-control studies; Level C: Descriptive studies and experts' opinion.

Electroconvulsive Therapy and Chronic Subdural Hematoma.

An elderly female patient with major depression was found to have an asymptomatic chronic subdural hematoma. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) resulted in full remission of her depression without neurological deterioration. The use of ECT in patients with cerebral lesions is discussed.