Anti-Müllerian hormone levels to predict oocyte maturity and embryo quality during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) outcome parameters and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) serum levels during in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment in women with varying ovarian reserve levels.

Methods: Prospective study of 46 women undergoing GnRH-antagonist short protocol for IVF. Participants included women with low ovarian reserve (N.

Anti-Müllerian hormone dynamics during GNRH-antagonist short protocol for IVF/ICSI in women with varying ovarian reserve levels.

Background: Data on variations in anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels according to ovarian reserve are scant. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in AMH levels during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with a GnRH-antagonist protocol for in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Methods: Prospective, observational study of 46 women.

Where and when should natural killer cells be tested in women with repeated implantation failure?

The aim of this study was to identify the candidates for natural killer (NK) testing and to define the best methodology. For this purpose a prospective study was performed on 73 women with repeated implantation failure (RIF). RIF was considered to exist in patients not achieving clinical pregnancy after three transfers with at least one good-quality embryo.

Efficacy of the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine against low-risk HPV types (PATRICIA randomized trial): an unexpected observation.

Background: Public Health England has reported a decrease of up to 20.8% in new diagnoses of external genital warts (GWs) among women aged <19 years since the national vaccination program with the human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine began in 2008. A post hoc analysis of the phase III PATRICIA (PApilloma TRIal against Cancer In young Adults) trial (NCT00122681) was performed to ascertain whether protection against low-risk HPV types was apparent.

Renal angiomyolipoma during pregnancy: review of the literature.

The incidence of renal angiomyolipoma (RA) is 0.3% in the general population, and even more infrequent during pregnancy. Pregnancy can increase the risk of rupture, although the causal mechanism is still not clearly defined.

Periovulatory follicular volume and vascularization determined by 3D and power Doppler sonography as pregnancy predictors in intrauterine insemination cycles.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between volume and vascularization of the periovulatory follicle and subfollicular area measured by three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound (US), and ovulation and pregnancy in patients undergoing intrauterine insemination (IUI).

Methods: We studied 79 consecutive cycles of IUI on hCG administration day. We measured the periovulatory follicle and subfollicular area by means of three-dimensional power Doppler US.

Hemodynamic changes during pregnancy and postpartum: a prospective study using thoracic electrical bioimpedance.

Objective: To describe hemodynamic changes in normal pregnancy and postpartum by means of thoracic electrical bioimpedance (TEB).

Methods: Eighteen healthy pregnant women were included in the study. Eight different hemodynamic variables were measured by thoracic electrical bioimpedance, from 12th week of gestation until 6th month of postpartum period.

[Sonographic ovarian vascularization and volume in women with polycystic ovary syndrome treated with clomiphene citrate and metformin].

Objective: To measure the vascularization and ovarian volume with three-dimensional sonography in patients diagnosed of polycystic ovary syndrome with stimulated ovulation treatment, and to analyse the differences between the patients treated with clomiphen citrate versus clomiphen citrate and metformin.

Material And Method: Therty patients were studied. Twenty ovulation cycles were obtained with clomiphen citrate and 17 with clomiphen citrate plus merformin (added in case of obesity or hyperglucemy/hyperinsulinemia).

Laparoscopic management of a cavitated noncommunicating rudimentary uterine horn of a unicornuate uterus: a case report.

Introduction: A unicornuate uterus with a rudimentary horn is the most uncommon uterine anomaly of the female genital tract. It has an estimated frequency of one in 100,000 among the fertile female population. This anomaly results from the abnormal maturation of one Müllerian duct with the normal development of the contralateral one.

[Reproducibility of the fetal nasal bone measurement by means of bidimensional and three-dimensional ecography during the second trimester of the pregnancy].

Aims: The utility of the valuation-measurement of the nasal bone in the prognosis of chromosomopaties during the second trimester of the pregnancy is demonstrated.

Objective: To evaluate the repeatability of nasal bone measurement during second trimester with bidimensional and three-dimensional sonography.

Material And Method: Nasal bone was measured in 50 single pregnancies.

Advanced pregnancy loss in the rudimentary horn of an undiagnosed unicornuate uterus.

A case of advanced pregnancy loss in the rudimentary horn of a unicornuate uterus is presented herein. The unknown uterine malformation and advanced pregnancy resulted in the condition being incorrectly diagnosed on ultrasound. After a failed attempt at dilatation and curettage, a correct diagnosis was made and proper treatment was given during salvage laparotomy performed for arising complications (coagulopathy).

Pneumomediastinum during the fourth stage of labor.

Postpartum spontaneous pneumomediastinum (Hamman's syndrome) is a very rare event with an estimated incidence of 1 in 100,000 deliveries. It occurs mainly in the second stage of labor and is potentially lethal. We report the case of a 29-year-old primiparous woman during the immediate puerperium (Leff's fourth stage of labor) presenting with acute chest pain, dyspnea and petechiae.

[Urogenital prolapse repair using polypropylene mesh].

Background: Urogenital prolapse is a condition that affects 1 to 43% of post-hysterectomized patients. Since several years some synthetic meshes have been used to repair pelvic floor, and apparently they have advantages over them predecessors.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and security of polypropylene meshes in the repair of urogenital prolapse.

Fetal extremity kinetics quantified with Doppler ultrasonography.

Aims: To assess the responsive fetal extremity movement to vibro-acoustic stimulation test (VAST).

Methods: The moving velocity of fetal femur was assessed after VAST by pulsed Doppler device. The ultrasonic beam was insonated at a right angle to the fetal femur.

Torsion of the fallopian tube and acute pelvic pain: an unusual presentation of genital tuberculosis.

A case of a genital tuberculosis found during laparoscopic evaluation for recurrent acute pelvic pain is presented. The symptoms of genital tuberculosis can vary greatly, and a laparoscopic approach is effective for making the diagnosis. Clinicians should consider tuberculosis as a differential diagnosis when encountering clinical presentations of pelvic pain and ascites.

Tele-virtual sonography.

Objectives: 3D-Ultrasound reconstruction, routinely available since 1994, has brought new technical capabilities such as virtual sonography that can be tele-consulted. Our experience is summarized in the present paper.

Methods: During one year, 73 3D-US volumetric images coming from 34 patients were acquired and 68 were consulted at distance.

Laparoscopic creation of a neovagina in Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome by modified Vecchietti's procedure.

Objective: The objective was to apply Vecchietti's principles to laparoscopy for the creation of a neovagina in patients diagnosed with Rokitansky syndrome.

Study Design: The setting was a university tertiary hospital. The design was a descriptive study to describe the outcome in 18 patients diagnosed with Rokitansky syndrome after laparoscopic creation of a neovagina applying Vecchietti's principles and implementing some useful modifications.

Endometrial polyps and their implication in the pregnancy rates of patients undergoing intrauterine insemination: a prospective, randomized study.

Background: It was our intention to determine whether hysteroscopic polypectomy before intrauterine insemination (IUI) achieved better pregnancy outcomes than no intervention.

Methods: A total of 215 infertile women from the infertility unit of a university tertiary hospital with ultrasonographically diagnosed endometrial polyps (EP) undergoing IUI were randomly allocated to one of two pretreatment groups using an opaque envelope technique with assignment determined by a random number table. Hysteroscopic polypectomy was performed in the study group.

Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia diagnosed at endometrial resection.

The literature has no reported cases of isolated endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia found at endometrial resection. If endometrial cancer is occult it might not be detected at diagnostic hysteroscopy or during resection, especially if destructive techniques are used. A 51-year-old woman had history of menorrhagia, with diagnostic hysteroscopy showing benign functional endometrium and diagnosed as dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

Tibolone and risk of endometrial polyps: a prospective, comparative study with hormone therapy.

Objective: To assess the incidence of endometrial polyps during postmenopausal replacement therapy with tibolone, using an appropriate control group.

Design: A total of 485 postmenopausal women were included in this open, prospective, comparative study for a duration of 36 months. Of this group, 249 women received 2.

Factors influencing long-term outcome of loop endometrial resection.

Study Objective: To analyze factors that contribute to long-term success of loop endometrial resection (ER).

Design: Observational cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).

Setting: Tertiary care university hospital.