Evaluation of the Effects of Radiation Therapy on Muscle Contractibility and Skin Healing: An Experimental Study of the Cancer Treatment Implications.

Background: Radiotherapy can affect healthy cells, resulting in side effects. This study aimed to assess the impact of radiotherapy on soft tissue in surgical wounds in rats.

Methods: The animals were divided into four groups: control (S) group without irradiation, immediate irradiation (S-IIr) group receiving irradiation right after surgery, late irradiation (S-LIr) group receiving irradiation four weeks after surgery, and early irradiation (Ir-S) group receiving irradiation before surgery.

Antifungal and anti-biofilm effect of the calcium channel blocker verapamil on non-albicans Candida species.

Candida is a human fungal pathogen that causes a wide range of diseases. Candida albicans is the main etiologic agent in these diseases; however, infections can be caused by non-albicans Candida species. Virulence factors such as biofilm production, which protect the fungus from host immunity and anti-fungal drugs, are important for the infection.

Intra-Day and Inter-Day Reliability of Measurements of the electromyographic signal on masseter and temporal muscles in patients with Down syndrome.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate intra-day (test) and inter-day (re-test) reliability of surface electromyography (sEMG) signals of the masseter and temporal muscles in patients with Down syndrome (DS). We determined the reliability of sEMG variables in 33 patients with DS. EMG signals were recorded at rest as well as during maximum voluntary clenching and maximum habitual intercuspation (MHI).

Evaluation of the impact of preoperative use of dexamethasone and cyclobenzaprine in surgical extraction of lower third molars on trismus by electromyographic analysis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of cyclobenzaprine and dexamethasone on ​the electrical activity of the masticatory muscles in patients who had undergone lower third molar surgery.

Methods: Thirty bilateral impacted lower third molars with indication of extraction were randomised into three groups: the control group, the dexamethasone, and the cyclobenzaprine group. To obtain muscular electrical activity and mouth opening, an electromyographic device was used at mandibular rest and maximum voluntary contraction and compared pre- and post-operatively.

Evaluation of the masticatory muscle function, physiological sleep variables, and salivary parameters after electromechanical therapeutic approaches in adult patients with Down syndrome: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: There are many comorbidities associated with Down syndrome (DS), including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and masticatory muscle alteration. Muscular hypotonia, in particular, of the masticatory and oropharyngeal muscles is one of the main characteristics of individuals with DS, resulting in impairments of speech, swallowing, and mastication in these individuals. In addition, total or partial obstruction of the airways during sleep can occur due to pharyngeal hypotonia, leading to snoring and to OSA.

Phenotypic Features and Salivary Parameters in Patients with Ectodermal Dysplasia: Report of Three Cases.

Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a rare hereditary disorder affecting the development of ectoderm-derived organs and tissues. The aim of this study was to describe phenotypic features and the therapeutic approach in dentistry among three patients with ED, correlating their data with the literature. Additionally, to investigate the salivary gland disorders and their impacts on oral microbiota, we performed salivary tests, including salivary flow rate, salivary buffering capacity, and concentration levels of mutans streptococci, lactobacilli, and yeasts.

Comparison of the effects of sodium bicarbonate jet prophylaxis on blood pressure in normotensive individuals and patients with controlled hypertension: a controlled clinical trial.

This study assessed the blood pressure (BP) of normotensive subjects and subjects with pharmacologically controlled hypertension after sodium bicarbonate jet prophylaxis. Forty subjects were divided into 2 groups: a normotensive control group (n = 20) and a hypertensive group (n = 20). Blood pressure measurements were conducted at 4 timepoints: prior to the dental prophylaxis (T0), immediately after treatment (Ti), 15 minutes after treatment (T15), and 30 minutes after treatment (T30).

Clinical and Microbiological Evaluation of Povidone-Iodine 10% as an Adjunct to Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy in Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of irrigation with 10% povidone-iodine (PVP-I) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis (ChP).

Methods: Thirty-six subjects with ChP were randomly assigned to receive SRP + irrigation with saline solution (control group) or SRP + irrigation with 10% PVP-I (test group). Subjects received clinical and microbiological evaluation at baseline, 30 and 90 days post-treatment.

Differences between the activity of the masticatory muscles of adults with cerebral palsy and healthy individuals while at rest and in function.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare the electromyographic activity of masticatory muscles of adult patients with different degrees of oral motor impairment (cerebral palsy) with the electromyographic activity of healthy individuals in a control group. Electromyographic activity was compared when the masticatory muscles were at rest and in motion.

Design: Thirty adult patients with cerebral palsy and 30 subjects without neuromotor disorders were enrolled in the present study.

Effects of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on the Masticatory Muscles and Physiologic Sleep Variables in Adults with Cerebral Palsy: A Novel Therapeutic Approach.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a term employed to define a group of non-progressive neuromotor disorders caused by damage to the immature or developing brain, with consequent limitations regarding movement and posture. CP may impair orapharygeal muscle tone, leading to a compromised chewing function and to sleep disorders (such as obstructive sleep apnea). Thirteen adults with CP underwent bilateral masseter and temporalis neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) therapy.

Test-retest reliability of electromyographic variables of masseter and temporal muscles in patients with cerebral palsy.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of surface electromyography of the masticatory muscles in patients with cerebral palsy.

Methods: Surface electromyography was performed over the masseter and temporal muscles in 15 patients with cerebral palsy with the mandible at rest and during maximum clenching effort in two sessions. The data were analyzed using the root mean square amplitude, mean frequency, median frequency, zero crossings and approximate entropy.

Severe secondary hyperparathyroidism and panoramic radiography parameters.

Objectives: Renal osteodystrophy (RO) are skeletal abnormalities seen in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). This study aims to evaluate the effects of RO using panoramic radiography parameters. Furthermore, the correlation between these parameters and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels was tested.

Correlation between hand/wrist and panoramic radiographs in severe secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Objectives: Hand/wrist and dental radiographs are important for osteoporosis analysis in secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). This study evaluated whether a correlation exists between the effects of the disease on the hands and jaws, and investigated the association between osteoporosis progression in the hands and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

Materials And Methods: Four panoramic radiographic parameters (mental index, mandibular cortical index, trabecular bone pattern, and calcification/resorption) and four corresponding hand/wrist radiographic parameters (metacarpal cortical thickness, phalangeal cortical index, trabecular bone pattern, and calcification/resorption) were applied to investigate possible correlation between the effects of SHPT on the jaws and hands/wrists, by Spearman's correlation coefficient.

Effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation, laser therapy and LED therapy on the masticatory system and the impact on sleep variables in cerebral palsy patients: a randomized, five arms clinical trial.

Background: Few studies demonstrate effectiveness of therapies for oral rehabilitation of patients with cerebral palsy (CP), given the difficulties in chewing, swallowing and speech, besides the intellectual, sensory and social limitations. Due to upper airway obstruction, they are also vulnerable to sleep disorders. This study aims to assess the sleep variables, through polysomnography, and masticatory dynamics, using electromiography, before and after neuromuscular electrical stimulation, associated or not with low power laser (Gallium Arsenide- Aluminun, =780 nm) and LED (= 660 nm) irradiation in CP patients.

Effect of uroguanylin on potassium and bicarbonate transport in rat renal tubules.

The effect of uroguanylin (UGN) on K+ and H+ secretion in the renal tubules of the rat kidney was studied using in vivo stationary microperfusion. For the study of K+ secretion, a tubule was punctured to inject a column of FDC-green-colored Ringer's solution with 0.5 mmol KCl/L+/-10(-6) mol UGN/L, and oil was used to block fluid flow.

Signaling path of the action of AVP on distal K+ secretion.

Background: Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that luminal perfusion with arginine vasopressin (AVP) stimulates distal tubule secretory potassium flux (JK) via V1 receptors (Am J Physiol 278:F809-F816, 2000). In the present work, we investigate the cell signaling mechanism of this process.

Methods: In vivo stationary microperfusion was performed in rat cortical distal tubules and luminal K+ was measured using double K+ resin/reference microelectrodes.